PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN BAHAN DENGAN PELARUT DAN LAMA EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK EKSTRAK PEWARNA DARI BUAH PANDAN (Pandanus tectorius)

Abstract

The aims of this study were 1) to determine the effect of ratio between material and solvent
and time of extraction on the yield and characteristics of pandanus fruit extract dyes, 2) to obtain the
best ratio between material and solvent, and time of extraction to produce yield and characteristics
of pandanus fruit extract dyes. This study used a randomized block design factorial with 2 factors,
namely the first factor was the ratio of material with solvent consisting of three levels 1: 7, 1: 9, and
1:11; the second factor was the extraction time ( 3 hours, 5 hours and 7 hours). The experiments
were grouped into 2 groups based on the time of its implementation, in order to obtain 18
experimental units. Variables observed were yield, total carotenoid content, and color intensity. The
results showed that the ratio between material and solvent affected the yield, total carotenoid
content, the level of redness (a*), and the level of yellowness, but did not affected the level of
brightness. The time of extraction affected the total carotenoid content, the level of redness (a*) and
the level of yellownes, but did not affected the yield and the level of brightness. The interaction
ratio between material and solvent, and time of extraction affected the total caroteno id content, the
level of redness (a*), and the level of yellowness, but did not affected the yield, and the level of
yellowness. Ratio between material and solvent (1:11), and 5 hours time of extraction was the best
treatment to produce fruit extract dyes  with yield of 2,60%, total carotenoid content of 15,12%, the
level of bringhtness (L*) 1,30%, the level of redness (a*)  -0,13, and the level of yellowness (b*)
3,59.

Keywords: pandanus fruit, dyes, solvent ratio, time of extraction, carotenoid