THE EFFECT OF CAGE DENSITY ON SEVERAL HEALTH VARIABLES OF ETAWAH CROSSBREDS IN PEMPATAN VILLAGE KARANGASEM REGENCY BALI
Abstract
Cage density, sanitation frequency, and cage type affect on animal wellbeing and cage environment thus the he- alth of goats. However, its benefits on animal’s health have not been well applied by farmers in Bali. This study was conducted from March until July 2021 to observe the effect of cage density on health variables of PE goats reared by farmers in Pempatan Village. A Compare Means T-test research design with two comparisons of 3 and 2.1 m2/ goat cage density with three replications using 90 goats used in this study. Parameters observed were FAMACHA© score, body weight, ADGW, endo-parasite, level of red and white blood cells of goats. Results showed the cage den- sities had significant differences only for Paramphistomum sp.; goats in cage density 3 m2/goat were not infected by, whereas goats in cage density 2.1 m2/goat got infected by 1.11 ± 0.76 EPG. Ostertagia sp., and Haemoncus contortus sp. infected goats in both densities, but were categorized as mild. The cage density 3 and 2.1 m2/goat had ADGW of 81.74 ± 32.01 g and 48.29 ± 25.51 g, respectively. Goats in this study had standard of healthy goats. In summary, goats in cage density 3 m2/goat tended having better health statuses.
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References
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Gelasakis, A.I., Angelidis, A.S., Giannakou, R., Filioussis,
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of Dairy Science. 99: 3698-3708
Grosso, L., Battini, M., Wemelsfelder, F., Barbieri, S.,
Mineroa, M., Costaa, E.D., and S. Mattiello. 2016. On-farm Qualitative Behaviour Assessment of da- iry goats in different housing conditions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 180. 51–57
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Mage, C., Bourgne, C., Toullieu, J.M., Rondelaud, D.,
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Nemeth, NF., Kiss I., Furka, and I. Miko. 2010. Gender differences of blood rheological parameters in la- boratory animals. Clin. Hemorheol. Microcircul. 45(6): 263- 272
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Bambar, M.M., Doloksaribu, L., dan I.G.A.A. Putra. 2019. Profil Kesehatan Kambing Peranakan Etawah yang Diberi Probiotik pada Peternakan Rakyat di Kampung Bugis, Desa Serangan, Bali. Skripsi Peter- nakan, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Udayana Denpasar, Bali.
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Biçek, K., Yeter, D., dan D. Serdar. 2005. “Some bioche- mical and haematological parameters of sheep in-fected with babesiaspecies” Van Veterinary Journal.
vol. 16,no. 1, pp. 33-35
BPS-Bali. 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bali, Sta-
tistic Bali Province. A Government body responsible
Serangan Denpasar Bali. Majalah Ilmiah Peterna-
kan 24(3): 127-134
Gelasakis, A.I., Angelidis, A.S., Giannakou, R., Filioussis,
G., Kalamaki, M.S., and G. Arsenos. 2016. Journal
of Dairy Science. 99: 3698-3708
Grosso, L., Battini, M., Wemelsfelder, F., Barbieri, S.,
Mineroa, M., Costaa, E.D., and S. Mattiello. 2016. On-farm Qualitative Behaviour Assessment of da- iry goats in different housing conditions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 180. 51–57
Guimarães, A., Gouveia, A.M.G., Carmo, F.B., Gouveia, G.C., Silva, M.X., Vieira, L.S., and M.B. Molento. 2011. ‘Management practices to control gastroin- testinal parasites in dairy and beef goats in Minas Gerais; Brazil’, Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 176, no. 2, pp. 265-9
Guyton, A.C., and J.E. Hall. 2006. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, Ams- terdam.
Hafid, H., Nuraini., dan A. Syam, 2003. Studi tentang Karakteristik Karkas Kambing Lokal yang Berasal dari Pola Pemeliharaan Tradisional. Jurnal Pe- nelitian Mimbar Akademik. Lembaga Penelitian Unhalu. Kendari
Kadarsih, S. 2004. Performans Sapi Bali Berdasarkan Ke- tinggian Tempat di Daerah Transmigrasi Bengkulu: Jurnal ilmu-ilmu pertanian Indonesia vol. 6, No. 1.
Kaplan, R.M. 2004. Drug resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance: a status report. trends in Parasitology, 20(10): 477-481.
Kaplan, R.M., Burke, J.M., Terrill, T.H., Miller, J.E., Getz, W.R., Mobini, S., Valencia, E., Williams, M.J., Williamson, L.H., Larsen, M., and A.F. Vatta. 2004 Validation of the FAMACHA© eye color chart for detecting clinical anemia in sheep and goats on farms in the southern United States. Veterinary Parasitology. Vol.123, 105-120
Koesdarto., dan Setiawan. 2007. Penyakit Parasitik Pada Pengembangan Sapi Madura, Info Vet, Jakarta Selatan
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Latimer, K.S., Mahaffey, E.A., dan K.W. Prasse. 2003. Duncan and Prasse’s Veterinary Laboratory Me- dicine Clinical Pathology Edisi 4. The Iowa State University press. USA
Londra, I.M. 2015. Pengaruh pemberian kulit kopi ter- fermentasi dan leguminosa untuk pertumbuhan kambing peranakan etawah. J. Informatika Perta-
for providing statistics of Bali Province th Bryman, A. 2012. Social Research Methods. 4
New York: Oxford University Press, Oxfords New York
Caroprese, M., Annicchiarico, G., Schena, L., Muscio, A., Migliore, R., and A. Sevi. 2009. Influence of space allowance and housing conditions on the welfare, immune response and production performance of dairy ewes. J. Dairy Res. 76, 66–73
Devendra, C., and M. Burns. 1970. “Goat Production in The tropics.” In Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau Farnham Royal Farnham Royal. Bucks, England: Farnham Royal
Dini, V., Latifi, F., and P. Zalla. 2016. ‘Haematological blood parameters in indigenous goats’, IBNA BA- LOTESTI, Rumania, vol. 31, pp. 37-40
Doloksaribu, L. 2017. Improvement of rearing goats in Bali Province, Indonesia. Disertasi, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
Doloksaribu, L., McLachlan, B.P., Copland, R.S., and P.J. Murray. 2015. ‘Constraints to, challenges of, and opportunities for rearing goats in Bali Province. A case study: Rearing kids in Karangasem Regency’, in The 3rd International Seminar on Animal Industry 2015 September 17th - 18th 2015, IPB International Convention Centre Bogor, Indonesia, vol. 3.
Doloksaribu, L., Murray, P.J., Copland, R.S., and B.P. McLachlan. 2014. Constraints to, challenges of, and opportunities for rearing goats in Bali Province. A case study: Rearing goats in Banjar Belulang, Se- pang Village, in The 2nd Asian-Australasian Dairy Goat Conference April 25th - 27th 2014. The role of dairy goat industry in food security, sustainable agriculture production, and economic communi- ties, IPB International Convention Centre Bogor, Indonesia, 2 : 267-9.
Ejlertsen, M., Githigia, S.M., Otieno, R.O., and S.M. Thamsborg. 2006. ‘Accuracy of an anaemia scoring chart applied on goats in sub-humid Kenya and its potential for control of Haemonchus contortus infections’. Veterinary Parasitology141(3–4): 291-301
Estevez, I., Andersen, I.L., and E. Nævdal. 2007. Group size, density and social dynamics in farm animals. Applied Animal Behaviour Science vol.103, pp. 185–204
Frangestu, S., Doloksaribu, L., dan AA. Oka. 2021. Growth profile of Etawah crossbreds at smallholder farms in Kampung Bugis Serangan Village Denpasar Bali. Profil Pertumbuhan Kambing Peranakan Etawah pada Peternakan Rakyat di Kampung Bugis Desa Serangan Denpasar Bali. Majalah Ilmiah Peterna-
kan 24(3): 127-134
Gelasakis, A.I., Angelidis, A.S., Giannakou, R., Filioussis,
G., Kalamaki, M.S., and G. Arsenos. 2016. Journal
of Dairy Science. 99: 3698-3708
Grosso, L., Battini, M., Wemelsfelder, F., Barbieri, S.,
Mineroa, M., Costaa, E.D., and S. Mattiello. 2016. On-farm Qualitative Behaviour Assessment of da- iry goats in different housing conditions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 180. 51–57
Guimarães, A., Gouveia, A.M.G., Carmo, F.B., Gouveia, G.C., Silva, M.X., Vieira, L.S., and M.B. Molento. 2011. ‘Management practices to control gastroin- testinal parasites in dairy and beef goats in Minas Gerais; Brazil’, Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 176, no. 2, pp. 265-9
Guyton, A.C., and J.E. Hall. 2006. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, Ams- terdam.
Hafid, H., Nuraini., dan A. Syam, 2003. Studi tentang Karakteristik Karkas Kambing Lokal yang Berasal dari Pola Pemeliharaan Tradisional. Jurnal Pe- nelitian Mimbar Akademik. Lembaga Penelitian Unhalu. Kendari
Kadarsih, S. 2004. Performans Sapi Bali Berdasarkan Ke- tinggian Tempat di Daerah Transmigrasi Bengkulu: Jurnal ilmu-ilmu pertanian Indonesia vol. 6, No. 1.
Kaplan, R.M. 2004. Drug resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance: a status report. trends in Parasitology, 20(10): 477-481.
Kaplan, R.M., Burke, J.M., Terrill, T.H., Miller, J.E., Getz, W.R., Mobini, S., Valencia, E., Williams, M.J., Williamson, L.H., Larsen, M., and A.F. Vatta. 2004 Validation of the FAMACHA© eye color chart for detecting clinical anemia in sheep and goats on farms in the southern United States. Veterinary Parasitology. Vol.123, 105-120
Koesdarto., dan Setiawan. 2007. Penyakit Parasitik Pada Pengembangan Sapi Madura, Info Vet, Jakarta Selatan
Kunz, T.H., Wemmer, C., and V. Hayssen. 1996. ‘Appen- dix 5. Sex, age and reproductive condition of mam- mals’, in DE Wilson, FR Cole, JD Nichols, R Rudran & MS Foster (eds), Measuring and monitoring of biological diversity, standard methods for mam- mals, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, pp. 1-12.
Latimer, K.S., Mahaffey, E.A., dan K.W. Prasse. 2003. Duncan and Prasse’s Veterinary Laboratory Me- dicine Clinical Pathology Edisi 4. The Iowa State University press. USA
Londra, I.M. 2015. Pengaruh pemberian kulit kopi ter- fermentasi dan leguminosa untuk pertumbuhan kambing peranakan etawah. J. Informatika Perta-nian. 22 (1): 45 – 51
Mage, C., Bourgne, C., Toullieu, J.M., Rondelaud, D.,
and G. Dreyfuss. 2002. Fasciola hepatica and Pa- ramphistomum daubneyi: changes in prevalences of natural infections in cattle and in Lymnaea trun- catula from central Franceover the past 12 years. Veterinary Research 33(5): 439–447
Maichimo, M.W., Kagira, J.M., and T.Walker. 2004. The Point Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Calve, Sheep and Goats in Magadi division, So- uth-Western Kenya. The Onderstepoort J. Vet 71: 257-261
Malewa, A. 2009. Penaksiran bobot badan berdasarkan lingkar dada dan panjang badan domba donggala. Journal Agroland, 16(1): 91-97
Misra, S.C., Misra, G.P., and D.N Panda. 1997. Survey of intestinal helminths in slaughtered buffaloes in Orissa. Indian Vet. J. 74: 707-708
Nabukenya, I., Rubaire-Akiiki, C., Olila, D., Ikwap, K., and J. Höglund. 2014. Ethnopharmacological practices by livestock farmers in Uganda: Survey experiences from Mpgi and Gulu Districts. Journal of Enthnobiology and Enthnomedicine. 10:9
Nardone, A., Ronchi, B., N. Lacetera, N,. Ranieri, M. S., and U. Bernabucci. 2010. Effects of Climate Changes on Animal Production and Sustainability of Lives- tock Systems. Livestock Science 130:57–69
Nemeth, NF., Kiss I., Furka, and I. Miko. 2010. Gender differences of blood rheological parameters in la- boratory animals. Clin. Hemorheol. Microcircul. 45(6): 263- 272
Nofyan, E., Kamal, M., dan I. Rosdiana. 2010. Identitas Jenis Telur Cacing Parasit Usus pada Ternak Sapi (Bos sp) dan Kerbau (Bubalus sp) di Rumah Potong Hewan Palembang. Jurnal Penelitian Sains, 10:6-11
Papadopoulos, E., Gallidis, E., Ptochos, S., and G.C. Fthe- nakis. 2013. ‘Evaluation of the FAMACHA© system for targeted selective anthelmintic treatments for potential use in small ruminants in Greece’, Small
Ruminant Research vol. 110, no. 2–3, pp. 124-7 Purwaningsih., Noviyanti., dan R.P. Putra. 2016. Preva- lensi dan Faktor Risiko Paramphistomiasis pada Sapi Bali di Distrik Prafi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat. Jurnal Veteriner. Vol. 19(1):
91-99
Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., and P. Cons-
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Published
2024-02-04
How to Cite
S. H., PITALOKA; DOLOKSARIBU, L.; SARINI, N. P..
THE EFFECT OF CAGE DENSITY ON SEVERAL HEALTH VARIABLES OF ETAWAH CROSSBREDS IN PEMPATAN VILLAGE KARANGASEM REGENCY BALI.
Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan, [S.l.], v. 26, n. 2, p. 80-89, feb. 2024.
ISSN 2656-8373.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/mip/article/view/113124>. Date accessed: 03 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/MIP.2023.v26.i02.p03.
Section
Articles
