Review potensi Emblica officinalis (Amla) dalam mengatasi gangguan metabolisme dislipidemia dan antioksidan
Abstract
Emblica officinalis (Amla) is a plant that is not widely utilized in Bali, but it has tremendous potential. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti-dyslipidemia potential of Amla. Literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct, followed by screening and review to match the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search resulted in 346 articles, and after reviewing and screening the titles, keywords, and abstracts, 12 articles that met the criteria were obtained. The review findings indicate that Emblica officinalis (Amla) has a strong potential in preventing or addressing cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis due to its abilities as a potential anti-dyslipidemia and antioxidant agent.
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References
1. Krishnaveni M, Mirunalini S. Therapeutic potential of Phyllanthus emblica (amla): the ayurvedic wonder. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2010;21(1):93-105. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp.2010.21.1.93. PMID: 20506691.
2. Gopa B, Bhatt J, Hemavathi KG. A comparative clinical study of hypolipidemic efficacy of Amla (Emblica officinalis) with 3‐hydroxy‐3‐ methylglutaryl‐coenzyme‐A reductase inhibitor simvastatin. Indian J Pharmacol 2012;44:238-42.
3. Sheoran S., Nidhi P., Kumar V., Singh G., Lal U.R., Sourirajan A., Dev K. Altitudinal variation in gallic acid content in fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its correlation with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Vegetos. 2019;32:387–396. doi: 10.1007/s42535-019-00048-x.
4. Fitriansyah S.N., Aulifa D.L., Febriani Y., Sapitri E. Correlation of total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid content of Phyllanthus emblica extract from bandung with DPPH scavenging activities. Pharmacogn. J. 2018;10:447–452. doi: 10.5530/pj.2018.3.73.
5. Marcus F. Hill, Bruno Bordoni, National Center for Biotechnology Information Bookshelf Hyperlipidemia, 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC
6. Engelking, L. R. (2015). Hyperlipidemias. Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry, 427–433. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391909-0.50067-0
7. Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M, Pallio G, Mannino F, Arcoraci V, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bitto A. Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8416763. doi: 10.1155/2017/8416763. Epub 2017 Jul 27. PMID: 28819546; PMCID: PMC5551541.
8. Mirunalini, S., & Krishnaveni, M. (2010). Therapeutic potential of Phyllanthus emblica (amla): the ayurvedic wonder. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 21(1). doi:10.1515/jbcpp.2010.21.1.93
9. Mathur, R., Sharma, A., Dixit, V. P., & Varma, M. (1996). Hypolipidaemic effect of fruit juice of Emblica officinalis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 61–68. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(95)01308-3
10. Sheoran, S., Nidhi, P., Kumar, V., Singh, G., Lal, U. R., Sourirajan, A., & Dev, K. (2019). Altitudinal variation in gallic acid content in fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its correlation with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Vegetos, 32(3), 387–396. doi:10.1007/s42535-019-00048-x
11. Tilak-Jain, J. A., & Devasagayam, T. P. A. (2006). Cardioprotective and Other Beneficial Effects of Some Indian Medicinal Plants. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 38(1), 9–18. doi:10.3164/jcbn.38.9
12. Augusti K.T., Arathy S.L., Asha R., Ramakrishanan J., Zaira J., Lekha V., Smitha S., George S., Vijayasree V.M. A comparative study on the beneficial effects of garlic (Allium sativum Linn), amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn) and onion (Allium cepa Linn) on the hyperlipidemia induced by butter fat and beef fat in rats (2001) Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 39 (8), pp. 760 - 766
13. Kim H.J., Yokozawa T., Kim H.Y., Tohda C., Rao T.P., Juneja L.R. Influence of amla (Emblica officinales Gaertn.) on hypercholesterolemia and lipid peroxidation in cholesterol-fed rats, (2005) Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 51 (6), pp. 413 - 418
14. Zhang Y.-J., Abe T., Tanaka T., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Two new acylated flavanone glycosides from the leaves and branches of Phyllanthus emblica, (2002) Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50 (6), pp. 841 - 843, DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.841
15. Zhang Y.-J., Abe T., Tanaka T., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Phyllanemblinins A-F, new ellagitannins from Phyllanthus emblica (2001) Journal of Natural Products, 64 (12), pp. 1527 - 1532, DOI: 10.1021/np010370g
16. Zhang Y.-J., Tanaka T., Iwamoto Y., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Novel sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Phyllanthus emblica, (2001) Journal of Natural Products, 64 (7), pp. 870 - 873, DOI: 10.1021/np010059z
17. Kirtan Tarwadi and Vaishali Agte, Antioxidant and micronutrient potential of common fruits available in the Indian subcontinent, 2007, International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Volume 58, Issue 5, 341-349
18. Shashi Kumar Jain and D.S. Khurdiya, Vitamin C Enrichment of Fruit Juice Based Ready-to-Serve Beverages Through Blending of Indian Gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Juice, 2004, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 59: 63–66,
19. Ghosal S., Tripathi V.K., Chauhan S., Active constituents of Emblica officinalis : Part 1 - The chemistry and antioxidative effects of two new hydrolysable tannins, Emblicanin A and B (1996) Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 35 (9), pp. 941 - 948
20. Bheemshetty S. Patil, Pallavi S. Kanthe, Chandramouli Reddy and Kusal K. Das, 2019, Emblica Officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, 17, 1-12
21. KIM, Hyun Ju; YOKOZAWA, Takako; KIM, Hyun Young; TOHDA, Chihiro; RAO, Theertham Pradyumna; JUNEJA, Lekh Raj (2005). Influence of Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) on Hypercholesterolemia and Lipid Peroxidation in Cholesterol-Fed Rats. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 51(6), 413–418.
22. L Anila; N.R Vijayalakshmi (2002). Flavonoids from Emblica officinalis and Mangifera indica—effectiveness for dyslipidemia. , 79(1), 0–87.
23. Mathur, Ritu; Sharma, Arti; Dixit, V.P.; Varma, Mira (1996). Hypolipidaemic effect of fruit juice of Emblica officinalis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 61–68.
24. Thakur, C.P.; Thakur, B.; Singh, S.; Sinha, P.K.; Sinha, S.K. (1988). The Ayurvedic medicines Haritaki, Amla and Bahira reduce cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. International Journal of Cardiology, 21(2), 167–175. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(88)90219-7
25. Yokozawa, Takako; Young Kim, Hyun; Ju Kim, Hyun; Okubo, Tsutomu; Chu, Djoing-Chi; Raj Juneja, Lekh (2007). Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) prevents dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress in the ageing process. British Journal of Nutrition, 97(6), 1187–. doi:10.1017/s0007114507691971
26. Antony, B., Benny, M. & Kaimal, T.N.B. A Pilot clinical study to evaluate the effect of Emblica officinalis extract (Amlamax™) on markers of systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia. Indian J Clin Biochem 23, 378–381 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-008-0083-6
27. Koshy, Smitha M.; Bobby, Zachariah; Hariharan, Ananthanarayanan P.; Gopalakrishna, Sridhar M. (2012). Amla (Emblica officinalis) extract is effective in preventing high fructose diet–induced insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemic profile in ovariectomized female albino rats. Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 19(10), 1146–1155.
28. Bhatt, Jagatkumar; Hemavathi, KovurG; Gopa, Biswas (2012). A comparative clinical study of hypolipidemic efficacy of Amla (Emblica officinalis) with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor simvastatin. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 44(2), 238–. doi:10.4103/0253-7613.93857
29. Rachitha, P.; Krishnaswamy,n K.; Lazar, R.A.; Gupta, V.K.; Inbaraj, B.S.; Raghavendra, V.B.; Sharma, M.; Sridhar, K. Attenuation of Hyperlipidemia by Medicinal Formulations of Emblica officinalis Synergized with Nanotechnological Approaches. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010064
30. Kapoor, Mahendra Parkash; Suzuki, Koji; Derek, Timm; Ozeki, Makoto; Okubo, Tsutomu (2020). Clinical evaluation of Emblica Officinalis Gatertn (Amla) in healthy human subjects: Health benefits and safety results from a randomized, double-blind, crossover placebo-controlled study. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 17, 100499–. doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100499
31. Rao, Theertham Pradyumna, et al. "Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced procoagulant and pro-inflammatory factors in cultured vascular endothelial cells." British journal of nutrition 110.12 (2013): 2201-2206.
32. Usharani, Pingali; Merugu, Padma Latha; Nutalapati, Chandrasekhar (2019). Evaluation of the effects of a standardized aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruits on endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and lipid profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled clinical study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19(1), 97–.doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2509-5
33. Yokozawa, Takako; Kim, Hyun Young; Kim, Hyun Ju; Tanaka, Takashi; Sugino, Hidetoshi; Okubo, Tsutomu; Chu, Djong-Chi; Juneja, Lekh Raj (2007). Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Attenuates Age-Related Renal Dysfunction by Oxidative Stress. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(19), 7744–7752. doi:10.1021/jf072105s
34. Packirisamy R.M., Bobby Z., Panneerselvam S., Koshy S.M., Jacob S.E, Metabolomic Analysis and Antioxidant Effect of Amla (Emblica officinalis) Extract in Preventing Oxidative Stress-Induced Red Cell Damage and Plasma Protein Alterations: An in Vitro Study (2018) Journal of Medicinal Food, 21 (1), pp. 81 – 89
35. Antony B, Merina B, Sheeba V, Mukkadan J. Effect of standardized Amla extracts on atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2006;68: 437–41.
2. Gopa B, Bhatt J, Hemavathi KG. A comparative clinical study of hypolipidemic efficacy of Amla (Emblica officinalis) with 3‐hydroxy‐3‐ methylglutaryl‐coenzyme‐A reductase inhibitor simvastatin. Indian J Pharmacol 2012;44:238-42.
3. Sheoran S., Nidhi P., Kumar V., Singh G., Lal U.R., Sourirajan A., Dev K. Altitudinal variation in gallic acid content in fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its correlation with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Vegetos. 2019;32:387–396. doi: 10.1007/s42535-019-00048-x.
4. Fitriansyah S.N., Aulifa D.L., Febriani Y., Sapitri E. Correlation of total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid content of Phyllanthus emblica extract from bandung with DPPH scavenging activities. Pharmacogn. J. 2018;10:447–452. doi: 10.5530/pj.2018.3.73.
5. Marcus F. Hill, Bruno Bordoni, National Center for Biotechnology Information Bookshelf Hyperlipidemia, 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC
6. Engelking, L. R. (2015). Hyperlipidemias. Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry, 427–433. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391909-0.50067-0
7. Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M, Pallio G, Mannino F, Arcoraci V, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bitto A. Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8416763. doi: 10.1155/2017/8416763. Epub 2017 Jul 27. PMID: 28819546; PMCID: PMC5551541.
8. Mirunalini, S., & Krishnaveni, M. (2010). Therapeutic potential of Phyllanthus emblica (amla): the ayurvedic wonder. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 21(1). doi:10.1515/jbcpp.2010.21.1.93
9. Mathur, R., Sharma, A., Dixit, V. P., & Varma, M. (1996). Hypolipidaemic effect of fruit juice of Emblica officinalis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 61–68. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(95)01308-3
10. Sheoran, S., Nidhi, P., Kumar, V., Singh, G., Lal, U. R., Sourirajan, A., & Dev, K. (2019). Altitudinal variation in gallic acid content in fruits of Phyllanthus emblica L. and its correlation with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Vegetos, 32(3), 387–396. doi:10.1007/s42535-019-00048-x
11. Tilak-Jain, J. A., & Devasagayam, T. P. A. (2006). Cardioprotective and Other Beneficial Effects of Some Indian Medicinal Plants. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 38(1), 9–18. doi:10.3164/jcbn.38.9
12. Augusti K.T., Arathy S.L., Asha R., Ramakrishanan J., Zaira J., Lekha V., Smitha S., George S., Vijayasree V.M. A comparative study on the beneficial effects of garlic (Allium sativum Linn), amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn) and onion (Allium cepa Linn) on the hyperlipidemia induced by butter fat and beef fat in rats (2001) Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 39 (8), pp. 760 - 766
13. Kim H.J., Yokozawa T., Kim H.Y., Tohda C., Rao T.P., Juneja L.R. Influence of amla (Emblica officinales Gaertn.) on hypercholesterolemia and lipid peroxidation in cholesterol-fed rats, (2005) Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 51 (6), pp. 413 - 418
14. Zhang Y.-J., Abe T., Tanaka T., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Two new acylated flavanone glycosides from the leaves and branches of Phyllanthus emblica, (2002) Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 50 (6), pp. 841 - 843, DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.841
15. Zhang Y.-J., Abe T., Tanaka T., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Phyllanemblinins A-F, new ellagitannins from Phyllanthus emblica (2001) Journal of Natural Products, 64 (12), pp. 1527 - 1532, DOI: 10.1021/np010370g
16. Zhang Y.-J., Tanaka T., Iwamoto Y., Yang C.-R., Kouno I. Novel sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Phyllanthus emblica, (2001) Journal of Natural Products, 64 (7), pp. 870 - 873, DOI: 10.1021/np010059z
17. Kirtan Tarwadi and Vaishali Agte, Antioxidant and micronutrient potential of common fruits available in the Indian subcontinent, 2007, International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Volume 58, Issue 5, 341-349
18. Shashi Kumar Jain and D.S. Khurdiya, Vitamin C Enrichment of Fruit Juice Based Ready-to-Serve Beverages Through Blending of Indian Gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Juice, 2004, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 59: 63–66,
19. Ghosal S., Tripathi V.K., Chauhan S., Active constituents of Emblica officinalis : Part 1 - The chemistry and antioxidative effects of two new hydrolysable tannins, Emblicanin A and B (1996) Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 35 (9), pp. 941 - 948
20. Bheemshetty S. Patil, Pallavi S. Kanthe, Chandramouli Reddy and Kusal K. Das, 2019, Emblica Officinalis (Amla) Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Alteration of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, 17, 1-12
21. KIM, Hyun Ju; YOKOZAWA, Takako; KIM, Hyun Young; TOHDA, Chihiro; RAO, Theertham Pradyumna; JUNEJA, Lekh Raj (2005). Influence of Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) on Hypercholesterolemia and Lipid Peroxidation in Cholesterol-Fed Rats. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 51(6), 413–418.
22. L Anila; N.R Vijayalakshmi (2002). Flavonoids from Emblica officinalis and Mangifera indica—effectiveness for dyslipidemia. , 79(1), 0–87.
23. Mathur, Ritu; Sharma, Arti; Dixit, V.P.; Varma, Mira (1996). Hypolipidaemic effect of fruit juice of Emblica officinalis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 61–68.
24. Thakur, C.P.; Thakur, B.; Singh, S.; Sinha, P.K.; Sinha, S.K. (1988). The Ayurvedic medicines Haritaki, Amla and Bahira reduce cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. International Journal of Cardiology, 21(2), 167–175. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(88)90219-7
25. Yokozawa, Takako; Young Kim, Hyun; Ju Kim, Hyun; Okubo, Tsutomu; Chu, Djoing-Chi; Raj Juneja, Lekh (2007). Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) prevents dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress in the ageing process. British Journal of Nutrition, 97(6), 1187–. doi:10.1017/s0007114507691971
26. Antony, B., Benny, M. & Kaimal, T.N.B. A Pilot clinical study to evaluate the effect of Emblica officinalis extract (Amlamax™) on markers of systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia. Indian J Clin Biochem 23, 378–381 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-008-0083-6
27. Koshy, Smitha M.; Bobby, Zachariah; Hariharan, Ananthanarayanan P.; Gopalakrishna, Sridhar M. (2012). Amla (Emblica officinalis) extract is effective in preventing high fructose diet–induced insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemic profile in ovariectomized female albino rats. Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 19(10), 1146–1155.
28. Bhatt, Jagatkumar; Hemavathi, KovurG; Gopa, Biswas (2012). A comparative clinical study of hypolipidemic efficacy of Amla (Emblica officinalis) with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor simvastatin. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 44(2), 238–. doi:10.4103/0253-7613.93857
29. Rachitha, P.; Krishnaswamy,n K.; Lazar, R.A.; Gupta, V.K.; Inbaraj, B.S.; Raghavendra, V.B.; Sharma, M.; Sridhar, K. Attenuation of Hyperlipidemia by Medicinal Formulations of Emblica officinalis Synergized with Nanotechnological Approaches. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010064
30. Kapoor, Mahendra Parkash; Suzuki, Koji; Derek, Timm; Ozeki, Makoto; Okubo, Tsutomu (2020). Clinical evaluation of Emblica Officinalis Gatertn (Amla) in healthy human subjects: Health benefits and safety results from a randomized, double-blind, crossover placebo-controlled study. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 17, 100499–. doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100499
31. Rao, Theertham Pradyumna, et al. "Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced procoagulant and pro-inflammatory factors in cultured vascular endothelial cells." British journal of nutrition 110.12 (2013): 2201-2206.
32. Usharani, Pingali; Merugu, Padma Latha; Nutalapati, Chandrasekhar (2019). Evaluation of the effects of a standardized aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruits on endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and lipid profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled clinical study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19(1), 97–.doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2509-5
33. Yokozawa, Takako; Kim, Hyun Young; Kim, Hyun Ju; Tanaka, Takashi; Sugino, Hidetoshi; Okubo, Tsutomu; Chu, Djong-Chi; Juneja, Lekh Raj (2007). Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Attenuates Age-Related Renal Dysfunction by Oxidative Stress. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(19), 7744–7752. doi:10.1021/jf072105s
34. Packirisamy R.M., Bobby Z., Panneerselvam S., Koshy S.M., Jacob S.E, Metabolomic Analysis and Antioxidant Effect of Amla (Emblica officinalis) Extract in Preventing Oxidative Stress-Induced Red Cell Damage and Plasma Protein Alterations: An in Vitro Study (2018) Journal of Medicinal Food, 21 (1), pp. 81 – 89
35. Antony B, Merina B, Sheeba V, Mukkadan J. Effect of standardized Amla extracts on atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2006;68: 437–41.
Published
2023-08-28
How to Cite
WARDITIANI, Ni Kadek et al.
Review potensi Emblica officinalis (Amla) dalam mengatasi gangguan metabolisme dislipidemia dan antioksidan.
Jurnal Farmasi Udayana, [S.l.], p. 63-67, aug. 2023.
ISSN 2622-4607.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jfu/article/view/105114>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JFU.2023.v12.i01.p10.
Section
Articles
