GAMBARAN PARENTAL SELF EFFICACY PADA PEKERJA WISATA DENGAN ANAK USIA SEKOLAH YANG MENGIKUTI PEMBELAJARAN DARING
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https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2021.v09.i05.p13
Abstrak
Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan dampak pada kondisi ekonomi akibat penurunan jumlah wisatawan ke Bali. Pandemi Covid-19 juga menyebabkan diterapkannya pembelajaran daring. Pembelajaran daring pada anak usia sekolah dasar (SD) masih harus di dampingi orang tua.Perubahan situasi ini menjadi tantangan bagi orang tua pekerja wisata dalam mengasuh anak. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi pengasuhan adalah parental self efficacy (PSE). PSE dapat memengaruhi perkembangan anak, kesehatan mental orang tua, serta hubungan orang tua dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran parental self efficacy pada pekerja wisata dengan anak usia sekolah yang mengikuti pembelajaran daring. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 154 orang tua pekerja wisata dengan anak usia sekolah di SD Negeri 1 Beraban, SD Negeri 3 Beraban, dan SD Negeri 4 Beraban yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak usia sekolah dari orang tua pekerja wisata rata-rata berusia sembilan tahun, mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dan berada pada kelas II, III, IV. Orang tua pekerja wisata rata-rata berusia 39 tahun, mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berpendidikan SMA, memiliki penghasilan <Rp.2.600.000, dan memiliki dua orang anak. Nilai rata-rata PSE adalah 100,48 dengan standar deviasi 9,253. Nilai skor PSE terendah adalah 77 dan nilai tertinggi adalah 127. Sebagian besar orang tua pekerja wisata memiliki PSE yang tergolong rendah yaitu 53,9%. Peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan PSE, memberikan intervensi untuk meningkatkan PSE, serta melakukan penelitian kualitatif untuk menggali lebih dalam mengenai PSE.
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Referensi
Albanese, A. M., Russo, G. R., & Geller, P. A. (2019). The reole of parental self-efficacy in parent and child well-being : A systematic riview of associated outcomes. Child Care Health Dev, 45, 333-363. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12661
Antawati, D. I., & Murdiyani, H. (2013). Dinamika psikologis pembentukan parenting self efficacy pada orang tua penyandang tunarungu. Jurnal Psikologi Teori & Terapan, 4(1), 31-47.
Apriani, I., & Risnawaty, W. (2020). Self efficacy among full-time working mothers in Jabodetabek. Advances in Social Science, Education, and Humanities Research, 478, 508-513.
Aulya, A., Ilyas, A., & Ifdil. (2016). Perbedaan perilaku agresif siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Jurnal EDUCATIO, 2(1), 92-97.
Biehle, S. N., & Mickleson, K. D. (2011). Personal and co-parent predictors of parenting efficay across the transition parenthood. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(9), 985-1010.
Brown, S. M., Doom, J.R., Lechuga-pe, S., Watamura, S. E., & Kopples, T. (2020). Child abuse and neglect stress and parenting during the Covid-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect.110(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2.020.104699
Budiyanti, E. (2020). Dampak virus corona terhadap sektor perdagangan dan pariwisata di Indonesia. Info Singkat, 12(4), 19-24.
Castillio, J. T., & Fenzl-crossam, A. (2010). The relationship between non-marital fathers social corespondence, Child and Social Work, 15, 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j/1365-2206.2009.00644.x
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Coronavirus. Diakses melalui http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/types.html
Coleman, P. K., & Karraker, K.H. (2000). Parenting self-efficacy among mothers of school-age children : conceptualization, measurement, and correlates. Family Relations, 13-24.
Crinic, K., & Ross, E. (2017). Parenting stress and parental efficacy. Spinger International Publishing. 263-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55376-4
Dewi, W. A. F. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 terhadap implementasi pembelajaran daring di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(1), 55-61.
Edendijk, J. J., Groeneveld, M. G., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Mesman, J. (2016). Gender-differentiated parenting revisited : metaanalysis reveals very few differences in parental control of boys and girl. PLoS ONE, 1 (2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159193
Gambin, M., Prus, M. W., Sekowski, M., Cudo, A., Pisula, E., Kiepura, E., Kiziukiweicz, J. B., & Kmita, G. (2020). Factors related to positive rexperiences in parental child relationship during the Covid-19 lockdown: The role of empathy, emotion regulation, parenting self efficacy, and social support. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yht/qa
Gavita, O. A. (2014). You are such a bad child, appraisals as mechanisms of parental negative and positive affect. The Journal of General Psychology, 141(2), 113-129.
Hapsari, S. M., Sugito, & Fauziah, P.Y. Parent’s involment in early childhood education during the Covid-19. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 10(2), 298-311. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v10.i
Indrasari, S. Y., & Affiani, L. (2018). Peran persepsi orang tua dan strategi pengasuhan terhadap parentaing self-efficay. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial, 16(02), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2018.8
Jones, T. L., & Prinz, R. J. (2005). Potential roles of parental self efficacy in parent and child adjustment : A riview. Clinival Psychology Riview, 25, 341-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.12.00.4
Juntitla, N., Aromaa, M, Rautava, P., Jorma, P., Hanele, L. (2015). Measuring multidimensional parental self-efficacy of mothers and fathers of children. Interdiciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 64, 665-680. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12161
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Situasi Terkini Perkembangan Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19). Jakarta : Kemenkes RI.
Listyaningsih, D., & Nirmasari, C. (2019). ANalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan parenting self efficacy pada periode awal postpartum di Puskesmas Bergas Moneca. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Arum Salatiga, 3(2).
Mafaza, Alfara, H., & Purba, Y. A. (2017). Parenting self efficacy pada orang tua dengan tuna netra. Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku, 1(2), 110-124.
Melliana, R., & Purba, Y. A. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 layoffs and income in Indonesia. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 2(2), 43-48.
Mouratidou, K., Karamavrou, S., Karatza, S., &Schillinger, M. (2019). Agressive and socially behaviors in kindergarten and elementary school students: A comparative study concerning gender, age, and geographical background of childrend in Northem Greece. Social Psychology of Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-019-09536-z
National Academies of Sciences. (2016). Parenting Matters : Supporting the Parents of Chidren Ages 0-8. Washington DC : National Academies Press (US).
Nicolaa, M., Alsafib, Z., Sohrabic,C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabird, A., Iosifidisc, C., Agahae, M., & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) : A riview. International Journal od Surgery, 78, 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018
Pangestu, I. D. (2020) Parenting self efficacy ayah dan ibu pada pasangan suami istri yang menikah dini. Cognicia, 8(2), 262-276.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19. 31 Maret 2020. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 91. Jakarta.
Putri A. F. (2019). Pentingnya orang dewasa awal menyelesaikan tugas perkembangannya. SCHOULD: Indonesia Journal of School Counseling, 3(2), 35-40.
Rakhmawati, I. (2015). Peran keluarga dalam pengasuhan anak. Konseling Religi : Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 6(1), 1-18.
Radanovic, A., Micic, I., Pavlovic, S., &Krstic, K. (2020). Pandemic parenting : predictors of quality of parental pandemic practices during Covid-19 locdown in Serbia. Psihologija, 1, 1-23. https://doi.org/102298/PSI/200731040R.
Salonen, A. H., Kaunonen, M., Paivi, A. K., Jarvepaa, A. L., Isoaho, H., & Tarrka, M. T. (2009). Parenting self efficacy after childbirth. Journal of Advance Nursing, 65(11), 2324-2336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.00980.x
Sevigny, P. R., & Lotzenhiser, L. (2010). Predictors of parenting self efficacy in mother and father of toddler. Child : Care, Health, and Development, 36(2), 179-189. https://doi.org/10/1111/j.1365-2214.20009.00980.x
Shorey, S., Chan, S. W., & Seng, Y. (2014). Predictors of maternal parental self efficacy among primiparas in the early postnatal period. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914537724
Yuan, S., Weiser, D. A., & Fischer, J. L. (2016). Performace : A comparison of European American and Asian American college students. Social Psychology of Education. https;//doi.org/10.1007/s11218-015-9330-x
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Coronavirus desease (Covid-19). Diakses melalui http://who.int/tableableChartType=heat.
Antawati, D. I., & Murdiyani, H. (2013). Dinamika psikologis pembentukan parenting self efficacy pada orang tua penyandang tunarungu. Jurnal Psikologi Teori & Terapan, 4(1), 31-47.
Apriani, I., & Risnawaty, W. (2020). Self efficacy among full-time working mothers in Jabodetabek. Advances in Social Science, Education, and Humanities Research, 478, 508-513.
Aulya, A., Ilyas, A., & Ifdil. (2016). Perbedaan perilaku agresif siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Jurnal EDUCATIO, 2(1), 92-97.
Biehle, S. N., & Mickleson, K. D. (2011). Personal and co-parent predictors of parenting efficay across the transition parenthood. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(9), 985-1010.
Brown, S. M., Doom, J.R., Lechuga-pe, S., Watamura, S. E., & Kopples, T. (2020). Child abuse and neglect stress and parenting during the Covid-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect.110(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2.020.104699
Budiyanti, E. (2020). Dampak virus corona terhadap sektor perdagangan dan pariwisata di Indonesia. Info Singkat, 12(4), 19-24.
Castillio, J. T., & Fenzl-crossam, A. (2010). The relationship between non-marital fathers social corespondence, Child and Social Work, 15, 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j/1365-2206.2009.00644.x
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Coronavirus. Diakses melalui http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/types.html
Coleman, P. K., & Karraker, K.H. (2000). Parenting self-efficacy among mothers of school-age children : conceptualization, measurement, and correlates. Family Relations, 13-24.
Crinic, K., & Ross, E. (2017). Parenting stress and parental efficacy. Spinger International Publishing. 263-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55376-4
Dewi, W. A. F. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 terhadap implementasi pembelajaran daring di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(1), 55-61.
Edendijk, J. J., Groeneveld, M. G., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Mesman, J. (2016). Gender-differentiated parenting revisited : metaanalysis reveals very few differences in parental control of boys and girl. PLoS ONE, 1 (2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159193
Gambin, M., Prus, M. W., Sekowski, M., Cudo, A., Pisula, E., Kiepura, E., Kiziukiweicz, J. B., & Kmita, G. (2020). Factors related to positive rexperiences in parental child relationship during the Covid-19 lockdown: The role of empathy, emotion regulation, parenting self efficacy, and social support. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yht/qa
Gavita, O. A. (2014). You are such a bad child, appraisals as mechanisms of parental negative and positive affect. The Journal of General Psychology, 141(2), 113-129.
Hapsari, S. M., Sugito, & Fauziah, P.Y. Parent’s involment in early childhood education during the Covid-19. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 10(2), 298-311. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v10.i
Indrasari, S. Y., & Affiani, L. (2018). Peran persepsi orang tua dan strategi pengasuhan terhadap parentaing self-efficay. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial, 16(02), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2018.8
Jones, T. L., & Prinz, R. J. (2005). Potential roles of parental self efficacy in parent and child adjustment : A riview. Clinival Psychology Riview, 25, 341-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.12.00.4
Juntitla, N., Aromaa, M, Rautava, P., Jorma, P., Hanele, L. (2015). Measuring multidimensional parental self-efficacy of mothers and fathers of children. Interdiciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 64, 665-680. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12161
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Situasi Terkini Perkembangan Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19). Jakarta : Kemenkes RI.
Listyaningsih, D., & Nirmasari, C. (2019). ANalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan parenting self efficacy pada periode awal postpartum di Puskesmas Bergas Moneca. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Arum Salatiga, 3(2).
Mafaza, Alfara, H., & Purba, Y. A. (2017). Parenting self efficacy pada orang tua dengan tuna netra. Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku, 1(2), 110-124.
Melliana, R., & Purba, Y. A. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 layoffs and income in Indonesia. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 2(2), 43-48.
Mouratidou, K., Karamavrou, S., Karatza, S., &Schillinger, M. (2019). Agressive and socially behaviors in kindergarten and elementary school students: A comparative study concerning gender, age, and geographical background of childrend in Northem Greece. Social Psychology of Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-019-09536-z
National Academies of Sciences. (2016). Parenting Matters : Supporting the Parents of Chidren Ages 0-8. Washington DC : National Academies Press (US).
Nicolaa, M., Alsafib, Z., Sohrabic,C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabird, A., Iosifidisc, C., Agahae, M., & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) : A riview. International Journal od Surgery, 78, 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018
Pangestu, I. D. (2020) Parenting self efficacy ayah dan ibu pada pasangan suami istri yang menikah dini. Cognicia, 8(2), 262-276.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19. 31 Maret 2020. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 91. Jakarta.
Putri A. F. (2019). Pentingnya orang dewasa awal menyelesaikan tugas perkembangannya. SCHOULD: Indonesia Journal of School Counseling, 3(2), 35-40.
Rakhmawati, I. (2015). Peran keluarga dalam pengasuhan anak. Konseling Religi : Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 6(1), 1-18.
Radanovic, A., Micic, I., Pavlovic, S., &Krstic, K. (2020). Pandemic parenting : predictors of quality of parental pandemic practices during Covid-19 locdown in Serbia. Psihologija, 1, 1-23. https://doi.org/102298/PSI/200731040R.
Salonen, A. H., Kaunonen, M., Paivi, A. K., Jarvepaa, A. L., Isoaho, H., & Tarrka, M. T. (2009). Parenting self efficacy after childbirth. Journal of Advance Nursing, 65(11), 2324-2336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.00980.x
Sevigny, P. R., & Lotzenhiser, L. (2010). Predictors of parenting self efficacy in mother and father of toddler. Child : Care, Health, and Development, 36(2), 179-189. https://doi.org/10/1111/j.1365-2214.20009.00980.x
Shorey, S., Chan, S. W., & Seng, Y. (2014). Predictors of maternal parental self efficacy among primiparas in the early postnatal period. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914537724
Yuan, S., Weiser, D. A., & Fischer, J. L. (2016). Performace : A comparison of European American and Asian American college students. Social Psychology of Education. https;//doi.org/10.1007/s11218-015-9330-x
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Coronavirus desease (Covid-19). Diakses melalui http://who.int/tableableChartType=heat.
Diterbitkan
2021-10-30
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PRASANTY, Putu Gita Kristiana; PUSPITA, Luh Mira; UTAMI, Kadek Cahya.
GAMBARAN PARENTAL SELF EFFICACY PADA PEKERJA WISATA DENGAN ANAK USIA SEKOLAH YANG MENGIKUTI PEMBELAJARAN DARING.
Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 5, p. 600-609, oct. 2021.
ISSN 2715-1980.
Tersedia pada: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/coping/article/view/75404>. Tanggal Akses: 15 oct. 2025
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2021.v09.i05.p13.
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