Proper, Weighty and Extremely Weighty Cause to End an Employment Contract in Finland
Abstract
Employment relationship can be ended in many ways and under different circumstances. This article discusses the rules in Finland regarding the termination of employment contract. It analyses in outline what can be considered as a proper and weighty reason or an extremely weighty reason to end an employment contract. The Finnish Employment Contracts Act demands that there must always be a proper and weighty reason to end the employment contract. If the employer wants to end the employment contract summarily without notice, there must even be an extremely weighty reason to do that. Even though the employment legislation stipulates that there must be a legal ground to end the employment contract, the legislation does not contain any list of the acceptable grounds of termination or cancellation of the employment contract. In the legal practice and legal literature, it has been argued that the proper and weighty reason may be for example the neglect of the work obligations, competing activity and violating of the business secrets, use of intoxicants, criminal activity and inappropriate behaviour and in some cases even illness. However, the grounds for the termination or cancellation of the employment contract cannot be precisely defined because every termination and cancellation of the employment contract is unique.
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References
BOOK
Bruun, Niklas and von Koskull. Anders: Työoikeuden perusteet. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2012.
Hietala, Harri, Tapani Kahri, and Martti Kairinen. Työsopimuslaki käytännössä. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2016.
Hietala, Harri and Keijo Kaivanto. Työsopimus ja johtajasopimus. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2017.
Kairinen, Martti, et.al. Työoikeus. Juva: WSOYpro, 2006.
Koskinen, Seppo, Kimmo Nieminen, and Mika Valkonen. Työsuhteen päättäminen. Lithuania: Talentum Media Oy, 2012.
Moilanen, Juha-Matti, Sopimukset työsuhteen päättyessä. Hämeenlinna: Talentum Media Oy, 2010.
Surakka, Aapo: Access to Finnish Law. Helsinki: Sanoma Pro, 2012.
Tiitinen, Kari-Pekka and Tanja Kröger. Työsopimusoikeus. Helsinki: Talentum, 2012.
Äimälä, Markus and Kärkkäinen, Mika. Työsopimuslaki. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2017.
Äimälä, Markus, Johan Åström, Hannu Rautiainen, and Mikko Nyyssölä. Finnish Labour Law in Practice. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2012.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alapuranen, Leena et.al, ”Työkyvytön?”. Edilex 2008.
Svalund, Jørgen, Antti Saloniemi, and Patrik Vulkan. “Attitudes towards job protection legislation: Comparing insiders and outsiders in Finland, Norway and Sweden.” European Journal of Industrial Relations 22, no. 4 (2016): 371-390. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680115626057
Furåker, Bengt, Kristine Nergaard, and Antti Saloniemi. “Lock-in patterns among employees: A Nordic comparison.” International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 30, no. 4 (2014): 435-458.
Kautonen, Teemu, Simon Down, Friederike Welter, Pekka Vainio, Jenni Palmroos, Kai Althoff, and Susanne Kolb. “Involuntary self-employment” as a public policy issue: a cross-country European review.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 16, no. 2 (2010): 112-129. https://doi. org/10.1108/13552551011027002
Koskinen Sandberg, Paula, Maria Törnroos, and Roosa Kohvakka. “The institu-tionalised undervaluation of women’s work: The case of local government sector collective agreements.” Work, employment and society (2017): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017017711100
Koskinen, Seppo. “Harhaanjohtaminen työsopimusta tehtäessä”, Edilex, (2005): 2-14.
Koskinen, Seppo. “The New Work and New Labour Law–From the Finnish Perspective.” Edilex, (2001): 2-103.
Koskinen, Seppo. ”Työsuhdeturva”. Edilex 2013.
Koskinen, Seppo. “Velvollisuus Antaa Varoitus Työsopimuksen Irtisanomisen Edellytyksenä”. Defensor Legis, no. 6 (2004): 1015-1047.
Mashamba, Clement. “The promotion of basic employee rights in Tanzania.” African Human Rights Law Journal 7, no. 2 (2007): 475-495.
Ollila, Aki. “Työnhakijan tiedonantovelvollisuus”, Defensor Legis, no. 1 (2017): 16-33.
Paanetoja, Jaana. “Työsopimuksen irtisanomis- ja purkamisperusteiden rajankäyntiä”, Defensor Legis, no. 4 (2014): 512-534.
Rosin, Annika and Merle Erikson, “A Trainee’s Right to a Wage: the Estonian Situation with Comparative insights from Slovenia, the United States of America and Finland”, European Journal of Social Law, no. 3 (2014).
Rosin, Annika, and Merle Muda. “Labour law status of a trainee: The Estonian situation with comparative insights from Finland, France and the US.” European Labour Law Journal 4, no. 4 (2013): 292-312. https://doi. org/10.1177/201395251300400404
Sädevirta, Markus. “Regulation of Fixed-Term Employment Contracts in the EU, France, Finland and the United Kingdom: A Comparative Analysis.” International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 31, no. 2 (2015): 207-231.
THESIS OR DISSERTATION
Rosin, Annika. “Labour Law Protection of Trainees”, Ph.D Thesis, Faculty of Law University of Turku, 2017.
Sandvik, Sebastian. “The Economic and Social Effects of Trial Periods for Employment Contracts,” Master Thesis, Faculty of Law University of Helsinki, 2016.
LEGAL DOCUMENT
Työehtosopimuslaki (Collective Agreements Act, 1946/436)
Työsopimuslaki (Employment Contracts Act, 55/2001)
Laki yhteistoiminnasta yrityksissä (Act on Co-operation within Undertakings, 334/2007)
Työterveyshuoltolaki (Occupational Health Act, 2001/1383)
Työturvallisuuslaki (Occupational Safety Act, 738/2002)
OTHER DOCUMENT
Government proposal to Parliament “HE 157/2000 vp: Government proposal for the contracts of employment act.”
Report of Committee of Employment Contract act “Työsopimuslakikomitean mietintö 1969:A 25.”
Report of Committee of Employment Contract act ”Työsopimuslakikomitean mietintö 2000:1.”
Ministry of Employment and the Economy, “Employment Contracts Act. The position of employers and employees under the Employment Contracts Act”, 2014.
CASE LAW
The Supreme Court of Finland
KKO 1980 II 117
KKO 1983 II 144
KKO 1990:37
KKO 1991:2
KKO 1991:26
KKO 1992:7
KKO 1995:47
KKO 2006:104
KKO 2010:60
KKO 2012:89
KKO 2016:15
KKO 2016:62
The Court of Appeal
The Court of Appeal of Turku 11.6.2003 S 02/2032
The Court of Appeal of Helsinki 7.1.2004 S 02/2329
The Court of Appeal of Vaasa 24.3.2017 S 16/320
The Labour Court of Finland
TT 1984-56
TT 1985-62
TT 1992-37
TT 2002-47
TT 2003-97
TT 2004-7
TT 2004-63
TT 2005-11
TT 2005-65
Bruun, Niklas and von Koskull. Anders: Työoikeuden perusteet. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2012.
Hietala, Harri, Tapani Kahri, and Martti Kairinen. Työsopimuslaki käytännössä. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2016.
Hietala, Harri and Keijo Kaivanto. Työsopimus ja johtajasopimus. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2017.
Kairinen, Martti, et.al. Työoikeus. Juva: WSOYpro, 2006.
Koskinen, Seppo, Kimmo Nieminen, and Mika Valkonen. Työsuhteen päättäminen. Lithuania: Talentum Media Oy, 2012.
Moilanen, Juha-Matti, Sopimukset työsuhteen päättyessä. Hämeenlinna: Talentum Media Oy, 2010.
Surakka, Aapo: Access to Finnish Law. Helsinki: Sanoma Pro, 2012.
Tiitinen, Kari-Pekka and Tanja Kröger. Työsopimusoikeus. Helsinki: Talentum, 2012.
Äimälä, Markus and Kärkkäinen, Mika. Työsopimuslaki. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2017.
Äimälä, Markus, Johan Åström, Hannu Rautiainen, and Mikko Nyyssölä. Finnish Labour Law in Practice. Helsinki: Alma Talent Oy, 2012.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alapuranen, Leena et.al, ”Työkyvytön?”. Edilex 2008.
Svalund, Jørgen, Antti Saloniemi, and Patrik Vulkan. “Attitudes towards job protection legislation: Comparing insiders and outsiders in Finland, Norway and Sweden.” European Journal of Industrial Relations 22, no. 4 (2016): 371-390. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680115626057
Furåker, Bengt, Kristine Nergaard, and Antti Saloniemi. “Lock-in patterns among employees: A Nordic comparison.” International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 30, no. 4 (2014): 435-458.
Kautonen, Teemu, Simon Down, Friederike Welter, Pekka Vainio, Jenni Palmroos, Kai Althoff, and Susanne Kolb. “Involuntary self-employment” as a public policy issue: a cross-country European review.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 16, no. 2 (2010): 112-129. https://doi. org/10.1108/13552551011027002
Koskinen Sandberg, Paula, Maria Törnroos, and Roosa Kohvakka. “The institu-tionalised undervaluation of women’s work: The case of local government sector collective agreements.” Work, employment and society (2017): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017017711100
Koskinen, Seppo. “Harhaanjohtaminen työsopimusta tehtäessä”, Edilex, (2005): 2-14.
Koskinen, Seppo. “The New Work and New Labour Law–From the Finnish Perspective.” Edilex, (2001): 2-103.
Koskinen, Seppo. ”Työsuhdeturva”. Edilex 2013.
Koskinen, Seppo. “Velvollisuus Antaa Varoitus Työsopimuksen Irtisanomisen Edellytyksenä”. Defensor Legis, no. 6 (2004): 1015-1047.
Mashamba, Clement. “The promotion of basic employee rights in Tanzania.” African Human Rights Law Journal 7, no. 2 (2007): 475-495.
Ollila, Aki. “Työnhakijan tiedonantovelvollisuus”, Defensor Legis, no. 1 (2017): 16-33.
Paanetoja, Jaana. “Työsopimuksen irtisanomis- ja purkamisperusteiden rajankäyntiä”, Defensor Legis, no. 4 (2014): 512-534.
Rosin, Annika and Merle Erikson, “A Trainee’s Right to a Wage: the Estonian Situation with Comparative insights from Slovenia, the United States of America and Finland”, European Journal of Social Law, no. 3 (2014).
Rosin, Annika, and Merle Muda. “Labour law status of a trainee: The Estonian situation with comparative insights from Finland, France and the US.” European Labour Law Journal 4, no. 4 (2013): 292-312. https://doi. org/10.1177/201395251300400404
Sädevirta, Markus. “Regulation of Fixed-Term Employment Contracts in the EU, France, Finland and the United Kingdom: A Comparative Analysis.” International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 31, no. 2 (2015): 207-231.
THESIS OR DISSERTATION
Rosin, Annika. “Labour Law Protection of Trainees”, Ph.D Thesis, Faculty of Law University of Turku, 2017.
Sandvik, Sebastian. “The Economic and Social Effects of Trial Periods for Employment Contracts,” Master Thesis, Faculty of Law University of Helsinki, 2016.
LEGAL DOCUMENT
Työehtosopimuslaki (Collective Agreements Act, 1946/436)
Työsopimuslaki (Employment Contracts Act, 55/2001)
Laki yhteistoiminnasta yrityksissä (Act on Co-operation within Undertakings, 334/2007)
Työterveyshuoltolaki (Occupational Health Act, 2001/1383)
Työturvallisuuslaki (Occupational Safety Act, 738/2002)
OTHER DOCUMENT
Government proposal to Parliament “HE 157/2000 vp: Government proposal for the contracts of employment act.”
Report of Committee of Employment Contract act “Työsopimuslakikomitean mietintö 1969:A 25.”
Report of Committee of Employment Contract act ”Työsopimuslakikomitean mietintö 2000:1.”
Ministry of Employment and the Economy, “Employment Contracts Act. The position of employers and employees under the Employment Contracts Act”, 2014.
CASE LAW
The Supreme Court of Finland
KKO 1980 II 117
KKO 1983 II 144
KKO 1990:37
KKO 1991:2
KKO 1991:26
KKO 1992:7
KKO 1995:47
KKO 2006:104
KKO 2010:60
KKO 2012:89
KKO 2016:15
KKO 2016:62
The Court of Appeal
The Court of Appeal of Turku 11.6.2003 S 02/2032
The Court of Appeal of Helsinki 7.1.2004 S 02/2329
The Court of Appeal of Vaasa 24.3.2017 S 16/320
The Labour Court of Finland
TT 1984-56
TT 1985-62
TT 1992-37
TT 2002-47
TT 2003-97
TT 2004-7
TT 2004-63
TT 2005-11
TT 2005-65
Published
2018-05-25
How to Cite
MÄKELÄINEN, Emma-Lotta; TOIVONEN, Sofia; RÄSÄNEN, Tiina.
Proper, Weighty and Extremely Weighty Cause to End an Employment Contract in Finland.
Udayana Journal of Law and Culture, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 1-27, may 2018.
ISSN 2549-0680.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/ujlc/article/view/38294>. Date accessed: 04 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/UJLC.2018.v02.i01.p01.
Section
Articles
