A Efektifitas Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) Sebagai Intervensi Trauma Related Symptomps: Studi Meta Analisis
effectivity of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as an Intervention Methods on Trauma Related Symptomps: A Meta-Analysis Study
Abstract
Gejala trauma merupakan efek yang sangat umum dirasakan bagi orang-orang yang pernah mendapati diri menghadapi peristiwa yang negative bagi dirinya. Gejala trauma bentuk munculnya berbeda-beda dari mulai gejala ringan saja seperti yang dihadapi individu itu sendiri atau bahkan menunjukkan gejala yang dapat mengganggu kehidupan sosialnya seperti kecemasan berlebih (anxiety), gangguan trauma, hingga PTSD atau Post Traumatic Stress Disorder yang merupakan gangguan psikologis dari trauma hebat atau berkepanjangan yang dirasakan seseorang. Perlu adanya intervensi untuk mengatasi gejala trauma yang dialami indivdu, salah satu metodenya adalah Cognitive Behavioural Therapy atau CBT namun banyak penelitian yang mengemukakan hasil berbeda terhada efektifitasnya. Maka dari itu peneltian ini menggunakan metode meta-analysis untuk meninjau 12 jurnal international yang bersifat eksperimen dan melibatkan kelompok eksperimen juga control secara random. Didapati hasil effect size medium to large dengan nilai -0,736 (95% CI= -1,827 hingga -0,355) dengan moderator jenis CBT yang digunakan dalam penelitian juga bias publikasi yang berasal dari perbedaan hasil efektifitas jurnal yang direview. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi CBT cukup mampu mengatasi trauma related symptomps namun harus dipertimbangkan jenis CBT apa yang diberikan mengingat tingkat efektifitasnya dapat berbeda-beda.
Kata kunci: CBT, Kecemasan, Meta-Analysis, PTSD, Trauma
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Abstract
Trauma related symptomps are known effects felt by people who have encountered potentially traumatic or negative events in their life. Trauma related symptomps can surface differently according to those who experienced them. From minor symtomps that an individual may experienced themselves or major symptomps which interrupt one’s social life such as anxiety, heavy trauma, or even PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. An intervention is needed to help treat these trauma related symtomps, one of the available intervention method is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy or CBT. but there are different results on how effective CBT is to treat trauma relate symtomps, so therefore this research is going to use meta-analysis to review 12 existing international randomized controlled trial journals that uses the design of having experimental and controlled group. The results of this research shows large to medium effect size with the score of -0,736 (95% CI= -1,827 hingga -0,355) that includes moderating factor of the CBT kind that is used in each journal and a publication bias because of the result of different kinds of CBT resulting in different level of its effectiveness in treating trauma related symtomps. This results indicated that CBT is quite effective on treating trauma related symtomps but the kind of CBT used must be taken into consderations in regards of different kinds of CBT resulted in different level of effectiveness.
Keywords: Anxiety, CBT, Meta-analysis, PTSD, Trauma
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