PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PROFESI DOKTER TERKAIT DUGAAN MALPRAKTIK
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini berfokus pada pertanggungjawaban hukum dokter dalam praktik kesehatan di rumah sakit, dan perlindungan hukum bagi dokter terkait dugaan malpraktik pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban dokter terbagi menjadi dua kategori, yaitu tanggung jawab kode etik profesi dan tanggung jawab hukum, yang mencakup pidana, perdata, dan administrasi. Dugaan malpraktik seringkali disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang perbedaan antara risiko medis dan malpraktik. Risiko medis mengacu pada kemungkinan kejadian yang tidak diinginkan meskipun dokter telah mengikuti prosedur yang berlaku, sedangkan malpraktik terjadi karena kelalaian atau pelanggaran standar profesi. Edukasi masyarakat mengenai perbedaan risiko medis dan malpraktik diperlukan untuk mencegah kesalahpahaman. Selain itu, perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga kesehatan, termasuk dokter, berdasarkan UU No. 17 Tahun 2023 memastikan bahwa mereka dilindungi selama menjalankan tugas sesuai standar profesi dan etika. Perlindungan ini mencakup hak atas informasi, imbalan yang layak, serta keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, yang akan menciptakan lingkungan kerja kondusif dan mendorong tenaga medis memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas.
The objective of this research focuses on the legal responsibility of doctors in healthcare practices in hospitals and the legal protection for doctors related to allegations of malpractice following the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health. This study employs a normative method with a legislative and conceptual approach. The findings indicate that doctors' responsibilities are divided into two categories: professional ethical responsibility and legal responsibility, which include criminal, civil, and administrative aspects. Allegations of malpractice are often caused by the public's lack of understanding of the difference between medical risks and malpractice. Medical risks refer to the possibility of undesirable outcomes even though the doctor has followed the applicable procedures, whereas malpractice occurs due to negligence or violation of professional standards. Public education on the distinction between medical risks and malpractice is necessary to prevent misunderstandings. Moreover, the legal protection for healthcare workers, including doctors, under Law No. 17 of 2023 ensures they are protected while performing their duties in accordance with professional standards and ethics. This protection includes the right to information, fair compensation, as well as workplace safety and health, creating a conducive working environment and encouraging medical professionals to provide high-quality services.
