ANALISIS KRITIS PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE: PERBANDINGAN KONSEP DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA INDONESIA, AUSTRALIA, DAN FILIPINA

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penerapan restorative justice di Indonesia serta mencari konstruksi hukum yang ideal dengan membandingkan konsep di negara Australia dan Filipina. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia, restorative justice belum diatur secara menyeluruh dan masih terbagi di beberapa peraturan lembaga penegak hukum, sehingga perlu dilakukan penyeragaman pengaturan. Adapun di Australia mengedepankan model mediasi yang terstruktur dengan pengurangan tingkat residivisme, sementara Filipina mengutamakan pendekatan adat melalui sistem peradilan lokal. Penemuan tersebut kiranya

The objective of this article is twofold: firstly, to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of restorative justice in Indonesia; and secondly, to identify the optimal legal structure by comparing the concepts in Australia and the Philippines. This research employs a normative juridical method with a statute approach and a comparative approach. The findings indicate that in Indonesia, restorative justice is not yet comprehensively regulated, with various agencies still implementing disparate regulations. Therefore, there is a need for a unified regulatory framework. Australia has demonstrated success with a structured mediation model that has resulted in reduced recidivism rates. In contrast, the Philippines has adopted a customary approach through the local justice system. These findings can inform the development of regulations that will facilitate the optimal application of restorative justice.