Legal Policy Dynamics of the Foreign Workers in Indonesia: Should it be justified?
Abstract
The enactment of Presidential Regulation Number 20 of 2018 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers and Job Creation Law has triggered pros and cons. On the one hand, these arrangements define as advanced approach to increase investment in Indonesia and assist transfer knowledge that can be obtained from equipped foreign workers with their skills and technologies. There are substantial arrangements to ease foreign workers access under growth investment idea, facilitating business licensing through deregulation, and scrutinize legal provisions for foreign workers to be able to work in Indonesia. This article was aimed to analyze, and finding analysis of policy dynamics regulating the use of Foreign Workers in Indonesia, as well as the gaps of the use of Foreign Workers arrangement in the Job Creation Law. This article was normative legal research using statutory approach, and conceptual approach. The study indicated that the dynamics of regulation in various legal policies on the use of Foreign Workers especially between Law on Employment and Law on Job Creation, even though there are fields and types of work that are also required to prioritize Indonesian Workers, along with the use of Foreign Workers to a certain time limit to adopt Foreign Workers skills. The prospective policy direction through this article is expected to be more selective policy in the context of utilization of foreign workers, state protection, and adequate improvement quality/standard of competence for Indonesian workers.
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References
Books
Dunn, W.N. (2008). Public Policy Analysis An Introduction, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education Princeton Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Hamidi, J. & Christian, C. (2016). Hukum Keimigrasian bagi Orang Asing di Indonesia, Cetakan Pertama, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.
Pierson, C. (1998). Beyond a Welfare State? The New Political Economy of Welfare, Second Edition, T.J. International and Pennyslvania State University Press University Park, Padstow-Pennyslvania.
Setiyono, B. (2018). Model & Desain Negara Kesejahteraan, Cetakan Pertama, Nuansa Cendekia, Bandung.
Supramono, G. (2012). Hukum Orang Asing di Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.
Non-Journal and Journal Publications
Athey, S., & Imbens, G.W. (2017). The state of applied econometrics: Causality and policy evaluation, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 3-32, DOI: 10.1257/jep.31.2.3.
Attamimi, A.H.S. (1990). Peranan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Negara (Suatu Studi Analisis Mengenai Keputusan Presiden yang Bersifat Pengaturan dalam Kurun Waktu Pelita I –Pelita IV), Disertasi Doktor, Jakarta: Fakultas Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia.
Azhari, A.F (2012). Negara Hukum Indonesia: Dekolonisasi dan Rekonstruksi Tradisi, Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 19(4), 489-505, DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol19.iss4.art1.
Beers, S. (2013). Thinking Globally, Framing Locally: International Discourses and Labor Organizing in Indonesia, ASEAS (Aktuelle Südostasienforschung) - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 6(1), 120-139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-6.1-7.
Bohlander, M. (2011). Radbruch redux: the need for revisiting the conversation between common and civil law at root level at the example of international criminal justice, Leiden Journal of International Law, 24(2), 393-410, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156511000070.
Caraway, T.L. (2009). Labor Rights in East Asia: Progress or Regress?, Journal of East Asian Studies, 9(2), 153-186, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1598240800002976.
Chang, A.S. (2018). Producing the Self-Regulating Subject: Liberal Protection in Indonesia’s Migration Infrastructure, Pacific Affairs, 91(4), 695-716, DOI: 10.5509/2018914695.
Choudhury, N. (2017). Revisiting Critical Legal Pluralism: Normative Contestations in the Afghan Courtroom. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 4(1), 229-255, DOI: 10.1017/als.2017.2.
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, 2020, Risalah RDPU dengan PSHK dan PUSAKO Univ. Andalas dalam Rangka Penyusunan Prolegnas Tahun 2020-2024 dan Prolegnas Prioritas Tahun 2020 berkaitan dengan Omnibus Law, Tahun Sidang 2018-2019 Masa Persidangan I, pada Senin, 4 November 2019.
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Elias, J. (2013). Foreign policy and the domestic worker: the Malaysia–Indonesia domestic worker dispute, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 15(3), 391-410, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2012.755835.
Faried, F.I.S. & Suparwi (2019). Evaluasi Implementasi Kebijakan Publik terhadap Peraturan Daerah Bermasalah”, Jurnal Supremasi, 9(2), 28-38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.35457/supremasi.v9i2.716.
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Hadiprayitno, I.I. (2010). Defensive Enforcement: Human Rights in Indonesia, Human Rights Review, 11(3), 373–399, DOI: 10.1007/s12142-009-0143-1.
Hamzani, A.I. & Mukhidin, M. (2015). National Law Development as Implementation of Pancasila Law Ideals and Social Change Demands, Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 18(2), 131-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.2.898.
Hermanto, B. & Aryani, N.M. (2018). Gagasan Pengaturan yang Ideal Penyelesaian Yudisial maupun Ekstrayudisial Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia, Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 15(4), 369-383.
Hosen, N. (2007). Human Rights Provisions in the Second Amendment to the Indonesian Constitution from Shari’ah Perspective, The Muslim World, 97(2), 200-224.
Jazuli, A. (2018). Eksistensi tenaga kerja asing di Indonesia dalam perspektif hukum keimigrasian. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 12(1), 89-105. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2018.V12.89-105.
Jensen, C., Wenzelburger, G. & Zohlnhöfer, R. (2019). Dismantling the Welfare State? After Twenty-five years: What have we learned and what should we learn?, Journal of European Social Policy, Volume 29, Issue 5, 681-691, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928719877363.
Kementerian Koordinator Perekonomian, 2020, Naskah Akademik Rancangan Undang-undang Cipta Kerja, Kementerian Perekonomian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Laksono, P. (2018). Pengawasan Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing, Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum, 27(1), 74-91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33369/jsh.27.1.74-91.
Li, T.M. (2017), The Price of Un/Freedom: Indonesia’s Colonial and Contemporary Plantation Labor Regimes, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 59(2), 245-276, DOI: 10.1017/S0010417517000044.
Mawar, S. (2020). Metode Penemuan Hukum (Interpretasi dan Konstruksi) dalam Rangka Harmonisasi Hukum, Jurnal Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial, 1(1), 22-38, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/justisia.v1i1.2558.
Nalle, V.I.W. (2016). Kedudukan Peraturan Kebijakan dalam Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan, Jurnal Refleksi Hukum, 10(1), 1-16, DOI: 10.24246/jrh.2016.v10.i1.p1-16.
Nurhidayati, N. (2019). Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing, Kebijakan dan Implementasinya, Widya Cipta: Jurnal Sekretari dan Manajemen, 3(2), 241-248, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31294/widyacipta.v3i2.6444.g3557.
Permatasari, I.A. (2020). Kebijakan Publik (Teori, Analisis, Implementasi dan Evaluasi Kebijakan), TheJournalish: Social and Government, 1(1), 33-37.
Petroski, K. (2013). Legal Fictions and the Limits of Legal Language. International Journal of Law in Context, 9(4), 485-505. DOI: 10.1017/S1744552313000268.
Pottag, A.T. (2018). Politik Hukum Pengendalian Tenaga Kerja Asing yang Bekerja di Indonesia, Media Iuris, 1(2), 236-250, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mi.v1i2.8827.
Prasetyo, T. (2014). Membangun Hukum Nasional berdasarkan Pancasila, Jurnal Hukum & Peradilan, 3(3), 213-222, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/JHP.3.3.2014.213-222.
Santoso, B. (2018). The Obstacles of Labor Inspection in Protecting Workers’ Rights in Indonesia, Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, IX(5(35)), 1765 – 1770. DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v9.5(35).31.
Schmiedeberg, C. (2010). Evaluation of cluster policy: a methodological overview, Evaluation, 16(4), 389-412, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356389010381184.
Setiyono, B. & Chalmers, I. (2018). Labour Protection Policy in a Third World Economy: the Case of Indonesia, Development and Society, 47(1), 139-158, DOI 10.21588/dns/2018.47.1.006.
Spaak, T. (2009). Meta-ethics and legal theory: The case of Gustav Radbruch, Law and Philosophy, 28(3), 261-290, DOI: 10.1007/s10982-008-9036-8.
Suartha, I.D.M., Puspitosari, H., & Hermanto, B. (2020). Reconstruction Communal Rights Registration in Encouraging Indonesia Environmental Protection, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(3s), 1277-1293.
Suartha, I.D.M., Martha, I.D.A.G.M., & Hermanto, B. (2021). Innovation based on Balinese local genius shifting alternative legal concept: towards Indonesia development acceleration. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 24(7), 1-9.
Sudharma, K.J.A., Artami, I.A.K. & Rachella, B. (2021). Tinjauan Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum Hak Cuti Haid dalam Undang-undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Vyavahara Duta: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Agama dan Ilmu Hukum, 16(1), 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/vd.v16i1.2068.
Sururi, A. (2016). Inovasi Kebijakan Publik (Tinjauan Konseptual dan Empiris), Sawala: Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 4(3), 1-14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30656/sawala.v4i3.241.
Syafi’ie, M.. (2012). Instrumentasi Hukum HAM, Pembentukan Lembaga Perlindungan HAM di Indonesia dan Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi, Jurnal Konstitusi, 9(4), 681-712, DOI: 10.31078/jk%k.
Warnecke, T. & de Ruyter, A. (2012). The Enforcement of Decent Work in India and Indonesia: Developing Sustainable Institutions, Journal of Economic Issues, XLVI(2) 393-401, DOI: 10.2753/JEI0021-3624460214.
Wibisana, A.G. (2019). Menulis di Jurnal Hukum: Gagasan, Struktur, dan Gaya, Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 49(2), 471-496.
Yusa, I.G., Hermanto, B. & Aryani, N.M. (2020). No-Spouse Employment and the Problem of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 11(1(47)), 214-226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.1(47).26.
Zingales, L. (2015). Presidential Address: Does Finance Benefit Society?, The Journal of Finance, 70(4), 1327-1363, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12295.
Statutory Laws and Regulations
Indonesia, the 1945 Indonesia Constitution.
_____, Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower.
_____, Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation.
_____, Government Regulation Number 34 of 2021 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers.
_____, Presidential Regulations Number 20 of 2018 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers.
_____, Minister of Labor Regulation Number 10 of 2018 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers Procedures.
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Dunn, W.N. (2008). Public Policy Analysis An Introduction, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education Princeton Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Hamidi, J. & Christian, C. (2016). Hukum Keimigrasian bagi Orang Asing di Indonesia, Cetakan Pertama, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.
Pierson, C. (1998). Beyond a Welfare State? The New Political Economy of Welfare, Second Edition, T.J. International and Pennyslvania State University Press University Park, Padstow-Pennyslvania.
Setiyono, B. (2018). Model & Desain Negara Kesejahteraan, Cetakan Pertama, Nuansa Cendekia, Bandung.
Supramono, G. (2012). Hukum Orang Asing di Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.
Non-Journal and Journal Publications
Athey, S., & Imbens, G.W. (2017). The state of applied econometrics: Causality and policy evaluation, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 3-32, DOI: 10.1257/jep.31.2.3.
Attamimi, A.H.S. (1990). Peranan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Negara (Suatu Studi Analisis Mengenai Keputusan Presiden yang Bersifat Pengaturan dalam Kurun Waktu Pelita I –Pelita IV), Disertasi Doktor, Jakarta: Fakultas Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia.
Azhari, A.F (2012). Negara Hukum Indonesia: Dekolonisasi dan Rekonstruksi Tradisi, Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 19(4), 489-505, DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol19.iss4.art1.
Beers, S. (2013). Thinking Globally, Framing Locally: International Discourses and Labor Organizing in Indonesia, ASEAS (Aktuelle Südostasienforschung) - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 6(1), 120-139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-6.1-7.
Bohlander, M. (2011). Radbruch redux: the need for revisiting the conversation between common and civil law at root level at the example of international criminal justice, Leiden Journal of International Law, 24(2), 393-410, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156511000070.
Caraway, T.L. (2009). Labor Rights in East Asia: Progress or Regress?, Journal of East Asian Studies, 9(2), 153-186, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1598240800002976.
Chang, A.S. (2018). Producing the Self-Regulating Subject: Liberal Protection in Indonesia’s Migration Infrastructure, Pacific Affairs, 91(4), 695-716, DOI: 10.5509/2018914695.
Choudhury, N. (2017). Revisiting Critical Legal Pluralism: Normative Contestations in the Afghan Courtroom. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 4(1), 229-255, DOI: 10.1017/als.2017.2.
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, 2020, Risalah RDPU dengan PSHK dan PUSAKO Univ. Andalas dalam Rangka Penyusunan Prolegnas Tahun 2020-2024 dan Prolegnas Prioritas Tahun 2020 berkaitan dengan Omnibus Law, Tahun Sidang 2018-2019 Masa Persidangan I, pada Senin, 4 November 2019.
Djazuli, R.F. (2021). Dinamika Pengaturan Tenaga Kerja Asing di Indonesia, Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan, 15(1).
Djulius, H. (2017). Foreign direct investment and technology transfer: Knowledge spillover in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia, Global Business Review, 18(1), 57-70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916666878.
Elias, J. (2013). Foreign policy and the domestic worker: the Malaysia–Indonesia domestic worker dispute, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 15(3), 391-410, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2012.755835.
Faried, F.I.S. & Suparwi (2019). Evaluasi Implementasi Kebijakan Publik terhadap Peraturan Daerah Bermasalah”, Jurnal Supremasi, 9(2), 28-38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.35457/supremasi.v9i2.716.
Goh, C., Wee, K., & Yeoh, B.S.A. (2017). Migration governance and the migration industry in Asia: moving domestic workers from Indonesia to Singapore, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 17(3), 401-433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcx010.
Hadiprayitno, I.I. (2010). Defensive Enforcement: Human Rights in Indonesia, Human Rights Review, 11(3), 373–399, DOI: 10.1007/s12142-009-0143-1.
Hamzani, A.I. & Mukhidin, M. (2015). National Law Development as Implementation of Pancasila Law Ideals and Social Change Demands, Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 18(2), 131-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.2.898.
Hermanto, B. & Aryani, N.M. (2018). Gagasan Pengaturan yang Ideal Penyelesaian Yudisial maupun Ekstrayudisial Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia, Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 15(4), 369-383.
Hosen, N. (2007). Human Rights Provisions in the Second Amendment to the Indonesian Constitution from Shari’ah Perspective, The Muslim World, 97(2), 200-224.
Jazuli, A. (2018). Eksistensi tenaga kerja asing di Indonesia dalam perspektif hukum keimigrasian. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 12(1), 89-105. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2018.V12.89-105.
Jensen, C., Wenzelburger, G. & Zohlnhöfer, R. (2019). Dismantling the Welfare State? After Twenty-five years: What have we learned and what should we learn?, Journal of European Social Policy, Volume 29, Issue 5, 681-691, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928719877363.
Kementerian Koordinator Perekonomian, 2020, Naskah Akademik Rancangan Undang-undang Cipta Kerja, Kementerian Perekonomian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Laksono, P. (2018). Pengawasan Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing, Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum, 27(1), 74-91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33369/jsh.27.1.74-91.
Li, T.M. (2017), The Price of Un/Freedom: Indonesia’s Colonial and Contemporary Plantation Labor Regimes, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 59(2), 245-276, DOI: 10.1017/S0010417517000044.
Mawar, S. (2020). Metode Penemuan Hukum (Interpretasi dan Konstruksi) dalam Rangka Harmonisasi Hukum, Jurnal Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial, 1(1), 22-38, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/justisia.v1i1.2558.
Nalle, V.I.W. (2016). Kedudukan Peraturan Kebijakan dalam Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan, Jurnal Refleksi Hukum, 10(1), 1-16, DOI: 10.24246/jrh.2016.v10.i1.p1-16.
Nurhidayati, N. (2019). Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing, Kebijakan dan Implementasinya, Widya Cipta: Jurnal Sekretari dan Manajemen, 3(2), 241-248, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31294/widyacipta.v3i2.6444.g3557.
Permatasari, I.A. (2020). Kebijakan Publik (Teori, Analisis, Implementasi dan Evaluasi Kebijakan), TheJournalish: Social and Government, 1(1), 33-37.
Petroski, K. (2013). Legal Fictions and the Limits of Legal Language. International Journal of Law in Context, 9(4), 485-505. DOI: 10.1017/S1744552313000268.
Pottag, A.T. (2018). Politik Hukum Pengendalian Tenaga Kerja Asing yang Bekerja di Indonesia, Media Iuris, 1(2), 236-250, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mi.v1i2.8827.
Prasetyo, T. (2014). Membangun Hukum Nasional berdasarkan Pancasila, Jurnal Hukum & Peradilan, 3(3), 213-222, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/JHP.3.3.2014.213-222.
Santoso, B. (2018). The Obstacles of Labor Inspection in Protecting Workers’ Rights in Indonesia, Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, IX(5(35)), 1765 – 1770. DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v9.5(35).31.
Schmiedeberg, C. (2010). Evaluation of cluster policy: a methodological overview, Evaluation, 16(4), 389-412, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1356389010381184.
Setiyono, B. & Chalmers, I. (2018). Labour Protection Policy in a Third World Economy: the Case of Indonesia, Development and Society, 47(1), 139-158, DOI 10.21588/dns/2018.47.1.006.
Spaak, T. (2009). Meta-ethics and legal theory: The case of Gustav Radbruch, Law and Philosophy, 28(3), 261-290, DOI: 10.1007/s10982-008-9036-8.
Suartha, I.D.M., Puspitosari, H., & Hermanto, B. (2020). Reconstruction Communal Rights Registration in Encouraging Indonesia Environmental Protection, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(3s), 1277-1293.
Suartha, I.D.M., Martha, I.D.A.G.M., & Hermanto, B. (2021). Innovation based on Balinese local genius shifting alternative legal concept: towards Indonesia development acceleration. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 24(7), 1-9.
Sudharma, K.J.A., Artami, I.A.K. & Rachella, B. (2021). Tinjauan Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum Hak Cuti Haid dalam Undang-undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Vyavahara Duta: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Agama dan Ilmu Hukum, 16(1), 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/vd.v16i1.2068.
Sururi, A. (2016). Inovasi Kebijakan Publik (Tinjauan Konseptual dan Empiris), Sawala: Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 4(3), 1-14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30656/sawala.v4i3.241.
Syafi’ie, M.. (2012). Instrumentasi Hukum HAM, Pembentukan Lembaga Perlindungan HAM di Indonesia dan Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi, Jurnal Konstitusi, 9(4), 681-712, DOI: 10.31078/jk%k.
Warnecke, T. & de Ruyter, A. (2012). The Enforcement of Decent Work in India and Indonesia: Developing Sustainable Institutions, Journal of Economic Issues, XLVI(2) 393-401, DOI: 10.2753/JEI0021-3624460214.
Wibisana, A.G. (2019). Menulis di Jurnal Hukum: Gagasan, Struktur, dan Gaya, Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 49(2), 471-496.
Yusa, I.G., Hermanto, B. & Aryani, N.M. (2020). No-Spouse Employment and the Problem of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 11(1(47)), 214-226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.1(47).26.
Zingales, L. (2015). Presidential Address: Does Finance Benefit Society?, The Journal of Finance, 70(4), 1327-1363, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12295.
Statutory Laws and Regulations
Indonesia, the 1945 Indonesia Constitution.
_____, Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower.
_____, Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation.
_____, Government Regulation Number 34 of 2021 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers.
_____, Presidential Regulations Number 20 of 2018 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers.
_____, Minister of Labor Regulation Number 10 of 2018 concerning the Use of Foreign Workers Procedures.
Internet Sources
Asmara, C.G. (2021) “Terungkap, Ini Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Asing yang Bekerja di RI”, URL: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210525130123-4-248217/terungkap-ini-jumlah-tenaga-kerja-asing-yang-bekerja-di-ri, diakses tanggal 20 Juni 2021, Pukul 09.46 WITA.
Gus (CNBC Indonesia) (2019) ” Tenaga Kerja Asing di RI Meroket 38% Terbanyak dari China”, URL: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20190908075511-4-97843/tenaga-kerja-asing-di-ri-meroket-38-terbanyak-dari-china, diakses tanggal 1 Desember 2019, Pukul 09.57 WITA.
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Published
2022-04-25
How to Cite
ARYANI, Nyoman Mas; DANYATHI, Ayu Putu Laksmi; HERMANTO, Bagus.
Legal Policy Dynamics of the Foreign Workers in Indonesia: Should it be justified?.
Kertha Patrika, [S.l.], v. 44, n. 1, p. 1-25, apr. 2022.
ISSN 2579-9487.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/kerthapatrika/article/view/77609>. Date accessed: 16 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/KP.2022.v44.i01.p.01.
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