SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS CaO-BENTONIT UNTUK REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI BIODIESEL
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Katalis basa heterogen paling banyak digunakan dalam produksi biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi Ca(NO3)2 dan suhu optimum dalam sintesis katalis basa CaO-Bentonit sebagai katalis heterogen dalam proses reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jelantah menjadi biodesel. Bentonit terlebih dahulu diaktivasi dengan larutan NaOH 5% (b/v) kemudian dipanaskan pada suhu 500oC. Pembuatan CaO-Bentonit dilakukan dengan proses impregnasi larutan Ca(NO3)2 dengan konsentrasi 0,10M; 0,25M; dan 0,50M pada bentonit teraktivasi tersebut dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 500oC sampai 700oC selama 5 jam. Karakterisasi CaO-Bentonit dilakukan dengan FTIR, XRD dan BET. Hasil karakterisasi CaO-Bentonit menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Ca(NO3)2 dan suhu kalsinasi optimum berturut-turut adalah 0,10 M dan 700oC. Aplikasi dari katalis CaO-Bentonit tersebut pada proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah menghasilkan biodiesel dengan rendemen sebesar 66,74% dan telah memenuhi standar baku mutu nasional Indonesia SNI.
ABSTRACT: Heteregeneous base catalysts are commonly used in biodiesel production. The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum concentration of aqueous solution of Ca(NO3)2 and the optimum temperature in the synthesis of CaO-Bentonite catalysts for transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel. Firstly, the bentonite was activated with NaOH 5% (w/v) following by calcination at 500oC. Secondly, the activated bentonite was impregnated with Ca(NO3)2 solution with various concentration of 0.10M, 0.25M, and 0.50M and calcinated at temperature of 500oC, 600oC, and 700oC. The characterizations of the CaO-bentonite were conducted by FTIR, RXD, and BET. The results revealed that the optimum concentration of Ca(NO3)2 and the optimum calcination temperature were 0.1 M and 700oC, respectively. Application of the CaO-bentonite catalyst on transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil to biodiesel yielded 66.74% of biodiesel fulfilling the Indonesian Standard Qualities.
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References
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