Addressing Global and National Concerns into Local Actions: Reflecting Customary Institution’s Involvement in Combating Drug Abuses
Abstract
The massive movement of transnational drug-dealers has now been approaching society at the lowest level. This article is aimed at exploring how customary institution in Bali-Indonesia, namely desa pakraman (customary village) is involved in any efforts of combating drug abuse, as a complementary means of the official measures taken by Indonesian agencies that responsible for this matter. It is legal research that inquiries relevant legal documents. Besides, it discovers customary village leaders opinion by using informant interview questionnaires as well as impression obtained from direct observation. This paper discovers that there have been many customary villages modified their customary rule by incorporating the norms on prohibition of the use and sale of narcotics as well as adopted customary sanction to be imposed on those who violate it. This article also suggests that the involvement of customary institution may be used as a lesson learned regarding how the non-state actors, especially a community-based institution, may play a role to support the government in the eradication of drug abuses and crimes.
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References
Book
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Yuda Krisna, I Wayan, Ni Nyoman Dewi Pascarani and I Ketut Winaya. Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Proses Pembuatan Pararem di Desa Pakraman Panjer, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Kota Denpasar. Citizen Charter 1, no.2 (2015):1-6.
National Law and Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia
Law No. 1 Year 1946 concerning the Criminal Code (Indonesian Criminal Code)
Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 35 Year 2009 concerning Narcotics
Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6 Year 2014 concerning Village
Instruction of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6 Year 2018 concerning National Action Plan for Strengthening the Prevention and Eradication of the Misuse and Illicit Circulation of Narcotics and Narcotics Precursors (2018-2019)
Ministry of Home Affairs’ Regulation No. 21 Year 2013 on the Facilitation of Narcotics Abuse Prevention
Regulation of Bali Province No. 3 Year 2001 concerning Desa Pakraman
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Other Documents
UNODOC. Executive Summary Conslusions and Policy Implications. World Drug Report 2018. Austria: United Nations Publications, 2018. https://www.unodc.org/wdr2018/prelaunch/WDR18_Booklet_1_EXSUM.pdf
UNODOC. International cooperation against the world drug problem Report of the Secretary-General to the United Nations General Assembly A/73/135. United Nations Publications, 1999. https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND/Drug_Resolutions/1990-1999/1999/ECOSOC_Res-1999-30.pdf
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Decision of Administrative Court of Denpasar No. 05/G/2012/PTUN.DPS,
Interview
Asa, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 7, 2018
Budiarta, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, 5 December 2018
Dirga, I Gusti Made Rai. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 2, 2018
Nariata, I Nyoman. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, November 30, 2018
Sarja, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, November 3, 2018
Wendra, Putu. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 1, 2018
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Busrah Ardans, Angka Kasus Narkoba di Denpasar Naik 120 Persen, Ini Penjelasan Pihak Polda Bali. Tribun Bali.Com. Last modified August 16, 2018. http://bali.tribunnews.com/2018/08/16/angka-kasus-narkoba-di-denpasar-naik-120-persen-ini-penjelasan-pihak-polda-bali
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Mantap! Dua Kilogram Sabu dan Ribuan Pil Koplo Dimusnahkan Kejari Jembrana. Baliberkarya.com. Last modified September 28, 2018. https://baliberkarya.com/index.php/read/2018/09/28/201809280003/Mantap-Dua-Kilogram-Sabu-dan-Ribuan-Pil-Koplo-Dimusnahkan-Kejari-Jembrana.html
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Rexed, Bror, Ken Edmondson, Inayat Khan, and Robert J. Samsom. "Guidelines for the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances: In the Context of the International Treaties." Geneva: WHO, 1984.
Suhartama, I Putu and BNN Team. Pandangan Agama Hindu Tentang Bahaya Penyalahgunaan Narkoba. Jakarta: Deputi Bidang Pencegahan Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2017
Journal Article
Haniyah and M. Hidayat. Juridical Review of Decriminalization on Efforts to Cut Drugs Users’ Addiction In Indonesia. Yurisdiksi: Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains 11, no.1 (2018): 1-12.
Imran, Muhamad Amin. Hubungan Fungsional Badan Narkotika Nasional dengan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dalam Penanganan Narkotika di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal IUS-Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan 1, no. 2 (2013): 327-345.
Pasaribu, Restiana. Fight Narcotics With Community Strengthening: Crime Control Management by Community Policing. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 3, no.2(2018): 237-252. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i02.27533.
Sari, Risa Andika, Suhaimi Suhaimi, and Muazzin Muazzin. "Upaya Terpadu Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Penyalahgunaan Peredaran Gelap Narkotika di Lapas Klas II A Banda Aceh dan Rutan Klas II B Sigli." Syiah Kuala Law Journal (SKLJ) 2, no. 1 (2018): 152-169. https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v2i1.10593
Sumada, I. Made. "Collaboration Policy of Regional Office of National Anti-Narcotics Agency with Local Wisdom (Perarem Desa Pekraman) In Bali Handling Drug Abuse." In International Conference on Business, Economic, Social Science and Humanities (ICOBEST 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018: 510-514.
Yuda Krisna, I Wayan, Ni Nyoman Dewi Pascarani and I Ketut Winaya. Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Proses Pembuatan Pararem di Desa Pakraman Panjer, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Kota Denpasar. Citizen Charter 1, no.2 (2015):1-6.
National Law and Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia
Law No. 1 Year 1946 concerning the Criminal Code (Indonesian Criminal Code)
Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 35 Year 2009 concerning Narcotics
Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6 Year 2014 concerning Village
Instruction of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6 Year 2018 concerning National Action Plan for Strengthening the Prevention and Eradication of the Misuse and Illicit Circulation of Narcotics and Narcotics Precursors (2018-2019)
Ministry of Home Affairs’ Regulation No. 21 Year 2013 on the Facilitation of Narcotics Abuse Prevention
Regulation of Bali Province No. 3 Year 2001 concerning Desa Pakraman
Regulation of Bali Province No. 7 Year 2017 Concerning Facilitation of Prevention of Narcotics Abuse determines.
Other Documents
UNODOC. Executive Summary Conslusions and Policy Implications. World Drug Report 2018. Austria: United Nations Publications, 2018. https://www.unodc.org/wdr2018/prelaunch/WDR18_Booklet_1_EXSUM.pdf
UNODOC. International cooperation against the world drug problem Report of the Secretary-General to the United Nations General Assembly A/73/135. United Nations Publications, 1999. https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND/Drug_Resolutions/1990-1999/1999/ECOSOC_Res-1999-30.pdf
The 2014 National Report Year (2013 Data) to the EMCDDA by the Reitox national Focal Point Slovakia New Development and Trends , 13, http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/1010/14NR_EN_1st_prn.pdf
Ministertvo Zdravotnictva Solvenskej Republiky. National Anti-Drug Strategy of the Slovak Republic for the Period 2013 – 2020. http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_229784_EN_SK_National%20anti-drugs%20strategy%20of%20the%20Slovak%20Republic%202013-2020.pdf
Court Decision
Decision of Administrative Court of Denpasar No. 05/G/2012/PTUN.DPS,
Interview
Asa, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 7, 2018
Budiarta, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, 5 December 2018
Dirga, I Gusti Made Rai. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 2, 2018
Nariata, I Nyoman. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, November 30, 2018
Sarja, I Made. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, November 3, 2018
Wendra, Putu. “Informant Interview Questionnaire,” Bali, December 1, 2018
Website Content
10 Desa Pakraman Ditarget Punya Pararem Anti Narkoba. Nusabali.com. Last modified June 23, 2018. https://www.nusabali.com/berita/32557/10-desa-pakraman-ditarget-punya-pararem-anti-narkoba
Bali Darurat Narkoba? 1.488 Desa Diminta Bentuk Perarem Narkoba. Tribun-Bali.com. Last modified August 22, 2017. http://bali.tribunnews.com/2017/08/22/bali-darurat-narkoba-1488-desa-diminta-bentuk-perarem-narkoba
Busrah Ardans, Angka Kasus Narkoba di Denpasar Naik 120 Persen, Ini Penjelasan Pihak Polda Bali. Tribun Bali.Com. Last modified August 16, 2018. http://bali.tribunnews.com/2018/08/16/angka-kasus-narkoba-di-denpasar-naik-120-persen-ini-penjelasan-pihak-polda-bali
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Slovakia Country Drug Report 2018, http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/countries/drug-reports/2018/slovakia/drug-use_en
European Union. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). europa.eu. https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/agencies/emcdda_en
European Union, Migration Affairs, EU’s Response to Drugs, https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/organized-crime-and-human-trafficking/drug-control/eu-response-to-drugs_en
Gembong Ismadi, PHDI Jembrana Dukung Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Masuk Peraturan Adat, Antara Bali. Last modified October 3, 2018. https://bali.antaranews.com/berita/132558/phdi-jembrana-dukung-penyalahgunaan-narkotika-masuk-peraturan-adat
Mantap! Dua Kilogram Sabu dan Ribuan Pil Koplo Dimusnahkan Kejari Jembrana. Baliberkarya.com. Last modified September 28, 2018. https://baliberkarya.com/index.php/read/2018/09/28/201809280003/Mantap-Dua-Kilogram-Sabu-dan-Ribuan-Pil-Koplo-Dimusnahkan-Kejari-Jembrana.html
Nusa Bali. BNN Resmikan 7 Desa Bebas Narkoba dan 16 Perarem Anti Narkoba di Gianyar. Skanaa.com. Last modified November 16, 2018. https://www.skanaa.com/en/news/detail/bnn-resmikan-7-desa-bebas-narkoba-dan-16-perarem-anti-narkoba-di-gianyar/nusabali
Penetapan desa pakraman jelengkung sebagai desa bersih narkoba. Balitribune.co.id. Last modified October 3, 2018. http://balitribune.co.id/content/penetapan-desa-pakraman-jelengkung-sebagai-desa-bersih-narkoba
Perarem Anti Narkoba Persempit Ruang Gerak Pengedar di Desa Pekraman. Beritabali.com. Last modified November 15, 2018. https://beritabali.com/read/2018/11/15/201811150015/Perarem-Anti-Narkoba-Persempit-Ruang-Gerak-Pengedar-di-Desa-Pekraman.html
PHDI Jembrana dukung penyalahgunaan narkotika masuk peraturan adat. Antaranews.com. Last modified October 3, 2018. https://bali.antaranews.com/berita/132558/phdi-jembrana-dukung-penyalahgunaan-narkotika-masuk-peraturan-adat
Suhendi Adi. Hukum Adat Lebih Ditakuti Warga Bali Dibanding Hukum Positif. Tribunnews.com. Last modified March 6, 2014. http://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2014/03/06/hukum-adat-lebih-ditakuti-warga-bali-dibanding-hukum-positif
Suyatra, I Putu. Sudah 42 Desa di Badung Masukkan Narkoba ke Awig-Awig dan Pararem. baliexpress.jawapos.com. Last modified November 22, 2017. https://baliexpress.jawapos.com/read/2017/11/22/28579/sudah-42-desa-di-badung-masukkan-narkoba-ke-awig-awig-dan-pararem
Widyaswara, I Wayan Erwin, Peredaran Narkoba di Bali Kian Mengkhawatirkan, Anak-anak Jadi Kurir Narkoba, Tribun Bali.Com. Last modified July 31, 2018. http://bali.tribunnews.com/2018/07/31/peredaran-narkoba-di-bali-kian-mengkhawatirkan-anak-anak-jadi-kurir-narkoba
Published
2019-01-31
How to Cite
WIRASILA, Anak Agung Ngurah; TAKÁCOVÁ, Jana.
Addressing Global and National Concerns into Local Actions: Reflecting Customary Institution’s Involvement in Combating Drug Abuses.
Udayana Journal of Law and Culture, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 30-52, jan. 2019.
ISSN 2549-0680.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/ujlc/article/view/45130>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/UJLC.2019.v03.i01.p02.
Section
Articles
