STRUKTUR DAN INTEGRASI PASAR EKSPOR LADA HITAM DAN LADA PUTIH DI DAERAH PRODUKSI UTAMA

Abstract

Pepper agribusiness in Indonesia has contributed to farmer’s income
generation and national foreign exchange earnings. Most pepper export
destination is Singapore or United States of America. Annual growth rate of
pepper export value during 1989-1998 was 9.0%, although there was a
decrease in 2001. The objective of the study is to identify pepper market
structure and integration in Indonesia. Selected study sites are main production
centers which are Lampung Province for black pepper and Bangka-Belitung
Propince for white pepper. Various primary and secondary data had been
collected from various sources. An analysis model of market integration of
modified Ravallion Model (1986) was applied. The result shows that black
pepper farm gate price is not integrated with exporter’s gate price, while the
exporter’s gate price and the world’s price is weakly integrated. In addition,
white pepper farm gate price is integrated very weakly with exporter’s gate
price; in contrast the exporter’s gate price is strongly integrated with the world’s
pepper price. This strong integration reflects that domestic price movement is
heavily affected by international price fluctuation. This indicates that pepper
commodity development should take efficiency and world market
competitiveness into consideration.