EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUNGA KENANGA (Cananga odorata) UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Colletotrichum acutatum PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA TANAMAN CABAI BESAR (Capsicum annum)

Abstrak

Colletotrichum acutatum is a pathogenic fungal that causes anthracnose disease in cultivated plants, one of them is chili. The anthracnose disease commonly controlled by using synthetic pesticides. The continuous use of synthetic pesticides can cause adverse side effects, so the alternative compound was need to replaced by plant-based fungicides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cananga flower extract in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum acutatum and to determine the group of bioactive compounds in cananga flower extract. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments consisting of P0: negative control, P1: positive control, and with different consentration of cananga extracts at P2: 1%(w/v), P3: 2%(w/v), P4: 3%(w/v), P5: 4%(w/v), and P6: 5%(w/v) with each treatment repeated 4 times. The parameters observed were zone of inhibition, colony diameter, spores density, and phytochemical test. The results of the diffusion well test showed that largest inhibition zone at concentration of 5% (P6) by 10,05 mm and smallest inhibition zone at concentration 1% (P2) by 7,53 mm. The result of the colony test showed that smallest colony diameter on the 10^th day was at concetration of 3% (P4) by 7,09 cm and the largest colony diameter was at concentration of 1% (P2) by 8,46 cm. The result of the spore density test showed that the highest density at concentration 1% (P3) by 3,24×10⁴ spores/mL and the smallest spore number at concentration 3% (P4) by 2,36×10⁴ spores/mL. The group of active compunds found in cananga flower extract includes alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, phenolic, saponin, and tanin.