Peran Hardiness dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Burnout pada Penyidik Direktorat Reserse Polda Bali
Abstract
Setiap individu pernah mengalami tantangan dalam pekerjaannya, yang tak jarang menyebabkan stres kerja. Jika stres berlangsung dalam jangka waktu lama dan menetap akan menyebabkan burnout. Burnout dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan mengelola emosi dan mengendalikan diri sehingga individu dapat mengelola stres yang dialami. Burnout juga dipengaruhi oleh ketangguhan individu untuk bertahan dalam kondisi stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran hardiness dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap burnout. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 orang penyidik Direktorat Reserse Polda Bali. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala burnout, skala hardiness dan skala kecerdasan emosional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil uji regresi berganda menunjukkan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0,791 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05) dengan koefisien beta terstandarisasi pada variabel hardiness sebesar -0,404 dan kecerdasan emosional sebesar -0,455. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa hardiness dan kecerdasan emosional secara bersama-sama berperan menurunkan taraf burnout pada penyidik Direktorat Reserse Polda Bali.
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References
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Fyhn, T., Fjell, K. K., & Johnsen, B. H. (2016). Resilience factors among police investigators: Hardiness-commitment a unique contributor. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(4), 261-269.
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Guo, J., Chen, J., Fu, J., Ge, X., Chen, M., & Liu, Y. (2016). Structural empowerment, job stress and burnout of nureses in China. Applied Nursing Research, 31, 41-45.
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Liu, C., Spector, P. E., & Shi, L. (2008). Use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to study job stress in different gender and occupational groups. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(4), 357.
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McCutcheon, M. (2018). Emotional intelligence and organizational stress of police officers. InSight: Rivier Academic Journal, 14 (1).
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Muchinsky, P. M. (1987). Psychology applied to work (2nd edition). Chicago, Illinois: The Dorsey Press.
Okoiye, O. E. (2011). The inclusion of emotional intelligence in Nigerian police recruits training programme: agenda for police personnel prosocial development and effective policing. Journal of Research in education and society, 2(1), 61-70.
Pishghadam, R., & Sahebjam, S. (2012). Personality and emotional intelligence in teacher burnout.. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15 (1), 227-236.
Prestiana, N. D. I., & Purbandini, D. (2012). Hubungan antara efikasi diri (self efficacy) dan stress kerja dengan kejenuhan kerja (burnout) pada perawat IGD dan ICU RSUD Kota Bekasi. SOUL: Jurnal pemikiran dan penelitian Psikologi, 5(2), 1-14.
Rahardjo, S. (2007). Membangun polisi sipil: perspektif hukum, sosial dan kemasyarakatan (cetakan ke-2). Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Rahmadsyah, A. (2016, Maret 21). Banyak polisi stres akibat beban kerja berlebih. Jitu News Online. Diakses dari https://www.jitunews.com tanggal 8 Maret 2019.
Rosyid, H. F. (1996). Burnout: penghambat produktivitas yang perlu dicermati. Buletin Psikologi, 4 (1), 19-24.
Rustika, I. M. (2014). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi prestasi akademik pada remaja. (Disertasi tidak dipublikasikan). Program Doktor Psikologi Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Sayeda, M. M. (2017). Emotional intelligence and job stress among academic members at faculty of nursing. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 6(1), 10-19.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Buunk, B. P. (1996). Professional Burnout: Handbook of Work and Health Psychology. England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Smith, T. D., Hughes, K., Dejoy, D. M., & Dyal M. A. (2018). Assesment of relationship between work stress, work-family conflict, burnout and firefighter safety behavior outcomes. Safety Sciene, 103, 287-292.
Snowden, A., Stenhouse, R., Young, J., Carver, H., Carver, F., & Brown, N. (2015). The relationship between emotional intelligence, previous caring experience and mindfulness in student nurses and midwives: a cross sectional analysis. Nurse education today, 35(1), 152-158.
Talavera-Velasco, B., Luceño-Moreno, L., Martín-García, J., & García-Albuerne, Y. (2018). Psychosocial risk factors, burnout and hardy personality as variables associated with mental health in police officers. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1478.
Tama, I. P., & Hardiningtyas, D. (2017). Psikologi Industri: Dalam Perspektif Sistem Industri. Malang: UB Press.
Tang, T. L. P., & Hammontree, M. L. (1992). The effects of hardiness, police stress, and life stress on police officers' illness and absenteeism. Public Personnel Management, 21(4), 493-510. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Undang- Undang Kepolisian Negara (UU RI NO. 2 TH. 2002) (cetakan pertama). (2003). Jakarta: Redaksi Sinar Grafika.
Weigl, M., Stab, N., Herms, I. Angerer, P., Hacker, W., & Glaser J. (2016). The associations of supervisor support and work overload with burnout and depression: a cross-sectional study in two nursing settings. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72 (8), 1774-1778. doi: 10.1111/jan.12948.
Widjaja, M. S., Sitorus, K. S., & Himawan, K. K. (2016). Hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kecenderungan burnout pada karyawan bagian pemasaran. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 3 (1), 18-33.
Anonim. (2017, Januari 12). Career cast identifies low stress and high stress profession for 2017. Adicio. Diakses dari https://www.adicio.com/news/559-stressful-jobs-2017 tanggal 10 Maret 2019.
Antoniou, A., S., G., & Cooper, C., L. (2015). Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology.USA: Edward Elgae Publishing, Inc.
Avionela, F., & Fauziah, N. (2016). Hubungan antara kecerdasan emosi dengan burnout pada guru bersertifikasi di SMA Negeri Kecamatan Bojonegoro. Jurnal Empati, 5 (4), 687-693.
Azwar, S. (2016b). Reliabilitas dan Validitas. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Baron, R. A., & Greenberg, J. (1990). Behaviour in Organization: Understanding and Managing the Human Side of Work (3rd Edition). New York: Allyn & Bacon.
Bartone, P. T. (2006). Resilience under military operational stress: Can leaders influence hardiness?. Military psychology, 18 (1), 131-148.
Bernadin, H. J. (1993). Human resources management: an experiental approach. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book.
Dette, E. J. (2008). The relationship between emotional intelligence and burnout of police constable officers of the SAPS in the Western Cape (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Western Cape).
Dolan, C. A., & Adler, A. B. (2006). Military hardiness as a buffer of psychological health on return from deployment. Military Medicine, 171(2), 93-98.
Escolas, S. M., Pitts, B. L., Safer, M. A., and Bartone, P. T. (2013). The protective value of hardiness on military posttraumatic stress symptoms. Mil. Psycho, 25, 116–123. doi: 10.1037/h0094953
Fahmi, A. R., & Widyastuti. (2018). Hubungan antara hardiness dengan burnout pada santri pondok pesantren Persatuan Islam Putra Bangil. Jurnal Psikologi POSEIDON, 12 (1), 66-73.
Fyhn, T., Fjell, K. K., & Johnsen, B. H. (2016). Resilience factors among police investigators: Hardiness-commitment a unique contributor. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(4), 261-269.
Gatto, S. J. D. (2009). Creating Balance in A World of Stress, Six Key Habits to Avoid in Order to Reduce Stress. New York: iUniverse, Inc.
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25 (cet. ke9). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Goleman, D. (2000a). Emotional Intelligence. Jakata : PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Goleman, D. (2000b). Kecerdasan Emosi Untuk Mencapai Puncak Prestasi. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia.
Guo, J., Chen, J., Fu, J., Ge, X., Chen, M., & Liu, Y. (2016). Structural empowerment, job stress and burnout of nureses in China. Applied Nursing Research, 31, 41-45.
Hatta, R. H. (2015). Hubungan antara hardiness dengan burnout pada anggota polisi pengendali massa (dalmas) polrestabes bandung (Doctoral dissertation, Fakultas Psikologi (UNISBA)).
Kobasa, S. C. (1982). The Hardy Personality: Toward a Social Psychology of Stress and Health. Hinsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Kobasa, S. C., Maddi, S. R., & Kahn, S. (1982). Hardiness and health: a prospective study. Journal of personality and social psychology, 42(1), 168.
Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (1992). Organizational Behavior (2nd ed.). Boston: Richard, D. Irwin, Inc.
Kusuma, E. F. (2015, November 02). Mabes Polri punya data mengejutkan: 80% reserse dan polantas stres. Detik News. Diakses dari https:// news.detik.com tanggal 8 Maret 2019.
Liu, C., Spector, P. E., & Shi, L. (2008). Use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to study job stress in different gender and occupational groups. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(4), 357.
Maddi, S. R. (2013). Hardiness: Turning Stressful Circumstances Into Resilient Growth. California: Springer.
Manju, A., & Meenakshi, M. (2018). Emotional intelligence and its impact on Burnout and Happiness: A study on Police Officers of Chandigarh Police, India . International Journal of Multidiciplinary, 03(12), 612-619.
Maslach, C. (2003). Burnout, The Cost of Caring. Cambridge: Malor Books.
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (1997). The Truth About Burnout: How Organizations Cause Personal Stress and What to do About it. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
McCutcheon, M. (2018). Emotional intelligence and organizational stress of police officers. InSight: Rivier Academic Journal, 14 (1).
Movanita, K. (2016, Maret 03). Polisi rawan stres karena beban tugas dan tekanan ekonomi. Kompas Online. Diakses dari https://nasional.kompas.com tanggal 8 Maret 2019.
Muchinsky, P. M. (1987). Psychology applied to work (2nd edition). Chicago, Illinois: The Dorsey Press.
Okoiye, O. E. (2011). The inclusion of emotional intelligence in Nigerian police recruits training programme: agenda for police personnel prosocial development and effective policing. Journal of Research in education and society, 2(1), 61-70.
Pishghadam, R., & Sahebjam, S. (2012). Personality and emotional intelligence in teacher burnout.. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15 (1), 227-236.
Prestiana, N. D. I., & Purbandini, D. (2012). Hubungan antara efikasi diri (self efficacy) dan stress kerja dengan kejenuhan kerja (burnout) pada perawat IGD dan ICU RSUD Kota Bekasi. SOUL: Jurnal pemikiran dan penelitian Psikologi, 5(2), 1-14.
Rahardjo, S. (2007). Membangun polisi sipil: perspektif hukum, sosial dan kemasyarakatan (cetakan ke-2). Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Rahmadsyah, A. (2016, Maret 21). Banyak polisi stres akibat beban kerja berlebih. Jitu News Online. Diakses dari https://www.jitunews.com tanggal 8 Maret 2019.
Rosyid, H. F. (1996). Burnout: penghambat produktivitas yang perlu dicermati. Buletin Psikologi, 4 (1), 19-24.
Rustika, I. M. (2014). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi prestasi akademik pada remaja. (Disertasi tidak dipublikasikan). Program Doktor Psikologi Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Sayeda, M. M. (2017). Emotional intelligence and job stress among academic members at faculty of nursing. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 6(1), 10-19.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Buunk, B. P. (1996). Professional Burnout: Handbook of Work and Health Psychology. England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Smith, T. D., Hughes, K., Dejoy, D. M., & Dyal M. A. (2018). Assesment of relationship between work stress, work-family conflict, burnout and firefighter safety behavior outcomes. Safety Sciene, 103, 287-292.
Snowden, A., Stenhouse, R., Young, J., Carver, H., Carver, F., & Brown, N. (2015). The relationship between emotional intelligence, previous caring experience and mindfulness in student nurses and midwives: a cross sectional analysis. Nurse education today, 35(1), 152-158.
Talavera-Velasco, B., Luceño-Moreno, L., Martín-García, J., & García-Albuerne, Y. (2018). Psychosocial risk factors, burnout and hardy personality as variables associated with mental health in police officers. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1478.
Tama, I. P., & Hardiningtyas, D. (2017). Psikologi Industri: Dalam Perspektif Sistem Industri. Malang: UB Press.
Tang, T. L. P., & Hammontree, M. L. (1992). The effects of hardiness, police stress, and life stress on police officers' illness and absenteeism. Public Personnel Management, 21(4), 493-510. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Undang- Undang Kepolisian Negara (UU RI NO. 2 TH. 2002) (cetakan pertama). (2003). Jakarta: Redaksi Sinar Grafika.
Weigl, M., Stab, N., Herms, I. Angerer, P., Hacker, W., & Glaser J. (2016). The associations of supervisor support and work overload with burnout and depression: a cross-sectional study in two nursing settings. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72 (8), 1774-1778. doi: 10.1111/jan.12948.
Widjaja, M. S., Sitorus, K. S., & Himawan, K. K. (2016). Hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kecenderungan burnout pada karyawan bagian pemasaran. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 3 (1), 18-33.
Published
2021-04-29
How to Cite
TIAS SASTIA, I Gusti Ayu Putu; RUSTIKA, I Made.
Peran Hardiness dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Burnout pada Penyidik Direktorat Reserse Polda Bali.
Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 12-23, apr. 2021.
ISSN 2654-4024.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/view/58161>. Date accessed: 15 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JPU.2021.v08.i01.p02.
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Section
Articles
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