Computational Parallel on Simulation of Wave Attenuation by Mangrove Forest
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems, specifically mangrove trees, safeguard coastal regions against natural disasters like erosion, floods, and tsunamis. Numerical simulations employing the Shallow Water Equation (SWE), encompassing mass and momentum conservation equations, are used to comprehend how mangroves attenuate wave energy. The SWE incorporates Manning's friction term, which is directly influenced by mangrove forests. However, the SWE's complexity and sensitivity to initial conditions hinder analytical solutions. Despite its increasing computational demands, we utilize the robust staggered grid method to address this challenge. Our study examines mangroves' wave-attenuating effects and introduces a parallel computational model using OpenMP to expedite computations. Findings reveal that mangroves can reduce wave amplitudes by up to 33% when employing a Manning's coefficient of 0.3 within confined basin simulations. Furthermore, our parallel computing experiments demonstrate substantial computation speed enhancements; the speedup improves up to a point, with a notable 7.26-fold acceleration observed when utilizing eight threads compared to a single line. Moreover, more than a 10-fold acceleration is observed when the number of threads is greater than 16. This underscores the significance of parallelization in exploring mangrove contributions to coastal protection.
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References
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[18] F. Lobma and P. H. Gunawan, “Computing UDCHR Scheme for simulating underwater sediment movement using OpenMP,” in 2019 7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2019, pp. 1–5.
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[21] P. H. Gunawan and others, “Simulation of wave mitigation by coastal vegetation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, p. 12013. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/693/1/012013.
[22] I. Pranidhana and P. H. Gunawan, “Computational parallel for shallow water-sediment concentration coupled model,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12032. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012032.
[23] G.-L. Chen, G.-Z. Sun, Y.-Q. Zhang, and Z.-Y. Mo, “Study on parallel computing,” J Comput Sci Technol, vol. 21, pp. 665–673, 2006, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-006-0665-9.
[24] P.-H. Tournier et al., “Numerical modeling and high-speed parallel computing: New perspectives on tomographic microwave imaging for brain stroke detection and monitoring,” IEEE Antennas Propag Mag, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 98–110, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/MAP.2017.2731199.
[25] A. Miller, B. Chang, R. Issa, and G. Chen, “Review of computer-aided numerical simulation in wind energy,” Renewable and sustainable energy Reviews, vol. 25, pp. 122–134, 2013, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.059.
[26] P. H. Gunawan and A. Utomo, “Shared Memory Architecture for Simulating Sediment-Fluid Flow by OpenMP,” Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 31–39, 2019.
[27] B. Bagustara, C. A. Simanjuntak, and P. H. Gunawan, “Multicore runup simulation by under water avalanche using two-layer 1d shallow water equations,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12026. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012026.
[28] C. A. Simanjuntak, B. Bagustara, and P. H. Gunawan, “Computational multicore on two-layer 1d shallow water equations for erodible dambreak,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12034. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012034.
[29] M. R. Pahlevi and P. H. Gunawan, “Parallel processing for simulating 2d radial dambreak using fvm hlle flux on openmp,” in 2017 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoIC7), 2017, pp. 1–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoICT.2017.8074665.
[30] Q. Z. Fakhrusy, C. P. Anggraeni, and P. H. Gunawan, “Simulating water and sediment flow using swe-convection diffusion model on openmp platform,” in 2019 7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2019, pp. 1–6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoICT.2019.8835334.
[31] K. Sabri, H. Rabbani, and P. H. Gunawan, “OpenMP performance for benchmark 2D shallow water equations using LBM,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12033. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012033.
[32] P. H. Gunawan, S. Juliati, M. R. Pahlevi, and D. Adytia, “Openmp and mpi architectures for simulating 1d water oscillation on parabolic domain,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 8, no. 1.9, pp. 230–236, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i1.9.26405.
[33] A. Kalogirou, E. E. Moulopoulou, and O. Bokhove, “Variational finite element methods for waves in a Hele-Shaw tank,” Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 40, no. 17–18, pp. 7493–7503, 2016.
[2] N. Asari, M. N. Suratman, N. A. Mohd Ayob, and N. H. Abdul Hamid, “Mangrove as a natural barrier to environmental risks and coastal protection,” Mangroves: Ecology, Biodiversity and Management, pp. 305–322, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2494-0_13.
[3] I. W. E. Dharmawan, “Mangrove health index distribution on the restored post-tsunami mangrove area in Biak Island, Indonesia,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021, p. 12007. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/860/1/012007.
[4] B. K. Veettil, D. D. Van, N. X. Quang, and P. N. Hoai, “Spatiotemporal dynamics of mangrove forests in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India),” Regional Studies in Marine Science, vol. 39, p. 101455, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101455.
[5] C.-W. Chang and N. Mori, “Green infrastructure for the reduction of coastal disasters: A review of the protective role of coastal forests against tsunami, storm surge, and wind waves,” Coastal Engineering Journal, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 370–385, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/21664250.2021.1929742.
[6] S. Das and J. R. Vincent, “Mangroves protected villages and reduced death toll during Indian super cyclone,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 106, no. 18, pp. 7357–7360, 2009, doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810440106.
[7] D. M. Alongi, “Mangrove forests: resilience, protection from tsunamis, and responses to global climate change,” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.08.024.
[8] D. Bresch, “Shallow-water equations and related topics,” Handbook of differential equations: evolutionary equations, vol. 5, pp. 1–104, 2009, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-5717(08)00208-9.
[9] P. H. Gunawan and X. Lhébrard, “Hydrostatic relaxation scheme for the 1D shallow water-Exner equations in bedload transport,” Computers & Fluids, vol. 121, pp. 44–50, 2015.
[10] P. H. Gunawan, “Numerical simulation of tsunami hazard mitigation by mangrove forest in north coast bali, indonesia,” Jurnal Matematika, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JMAT.2015.v05.i01.p51.
[11] D. Doyen and P. H. Gunawan, “An explicit staggered finite volume scheme for the shallow water equations,” in Finite Volumes for Complex Applications VII-Methods and Theoretical Aspects, Springer, 2014, pp. 227–235. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05684-5_21.
[12] P. H. Gunawan, R. Eymard, and S. R. Pudjaprasetya, “Staggered scheme for the Exner–shallow water equations,” Computational Geosciences, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9533-4.
[13] P. H. Gunawan and S. R. Pudjaprasetya, “Explicit staggered grid scheme for rotating shallow water equations on geostrophic flows,” Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 46–55, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1504/PCFD.2018.089502.
[14] G. S. Stelling and S. P. A. Duinmeijer, “A staggered conservative scheme for every Froude number in rapidly varied shallow water flows,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 1329–1354, 2003, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.537.
[15] M. D. Ambara and P. H. Gunawan, “Simulating dam-break over an erodible embankment using SWE-Exner model and semi-implicit staggered scheme,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012023.
[16] G. S. Stelling and M. M. Busnelli, “Numerical simulation of the vertical structure of discontinuous flows,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 23–43, 2001.
[17] P. H. Gunawan, “Scientific parallel computing for 1D heat diffusion problem based on OpenMP,” in 2016 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICoICT 2016, Bandung: IEEE, 2016. doi: 10.1109/ICoICT.2016.7571960.
[18] F. Lobma and P. H. Gunawan, “Computing UDCHR Scheme for simulating underwater sediment movement using OpenMP,” in 2019 7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2019, pp. 1–5.
[19] C. P. Anggraeni, Q. Z. Fakhrusy, and P. H. Gunawan, “Implementing OpenMP Platform for Simulating Erodible Dam-Break using SWE-Exner Model,” in 2019 7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2019, pp. 1–5.
[20] M. J. Castro, S. Ortega, M. la Asuncion, J. M. Mantas, and J. M. Gallardo, “GPU computing for shallow water flow simulation based on finite volume schemes,” Comptes Rendus Mécanique, vol. 339, no. 2–3, pp. 165–184, 2011, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crme.2010.12.004.
[21] P. H. Gunawan and others, “Simulation of wave mitigation by coastal vegetation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, p. 12013. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/693/1/012013.
[22] I. Pranidhana and P. H. Gunawan, “Computational parallel for shallow water-sediment concentration coupled model,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12032. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012032.
[23] G.-L. Chen, G.-Z. Sun, Y.-Q. Zhang, and Z.-Y. Mo, “Study on parallel computing,” J Comput Sci Technol, vol. 21, pp. 665–673, 2006, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-006-0665-9.
[24] P.-H. Tournier et al., “Numerical modeling and high-speed parallel computing: New perspectives on tomographic microwave imaging for brain stroke detection and monitoring,” IEEE Antennas Propag Mag, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 98–110, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/MAP.2017.2731199.
[25] A. Miller, B. Chang, R. Issa, and G. Chen, “Review of computer-aided numerical simulation in wind energy,” Renewable and sustainable energy Reviews, vol. 25, pp. 122–134, 2013, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.059.
[26] P. H. Gunawan and A. Utomo, “Shared Memory Architecture for Simulating Sediment-Fluid Flow by OpenMP,” Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 31–39, 2019.
[27] B. Bagustara, C. A. Simanjuntak, and P. H. Gunawan, “Multicore runup simulation by under water avalanche using two-layer 1d shallow water equations,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12026. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012026.
[28] C. A. Simanjuntak, B. Bagustara, and P. H. Gunawan, “Computational multicore on two-layer 1d shallow water equations for erodible dambreak,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12034. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012034.
[29] M. R. Pahlevi and P. H. Gunawan, “Parallel processing for simulating 2d radial dambreak using fvm hlle flux on openmp,” in 2017 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoIC7), 2017, pp. 1–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoICT.2017.8074665.
[30] Q. Z. Fakhrusy, C. P. Anggraeni, and P. H. Gunawan, “Simulating water and sediment flow using swe-convection diffusion model on openmp platform,” in 2019 7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2019, pp. 1–6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoICT.2019.8835334.
[31] K. Sabri, H. Rabbani, and P. H. Gunawan, “OpenMP performance for benchmark 2D shallow water equations using LBM,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, p. 12033. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/971/1/012033.
[32] P. H. Gunawan, S. Juliati, M. R. Pahlevi, and D. Adytia, “Openmp and mpi architectures for simulating 1d water oscillation on parabolic domain,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 8, no. 1.9, pp. 230–236, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i1.9.26405.
[33] A. Kalogirou, E. E. Moulopoulou, and O. Bokhove, “Variational finite element methods for waves in a Hele-Shaw tank,” Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 40, no. 17–18, pp. 7493–7503, 2016.
Published
2023-12-05
How to Cite
GUNAWAN, Putu Harry et al.
Computational Parallel on Simulation of Wave Attenuation by Mangrove Forest.
Lontar Komputer : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 3, p. 138-149, dec. 2023.
ISSN 2541-5832.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/lontar/article/view/107396>. Date accessed: 29 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/LKJITI.2023.v14.i03.p02.
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