PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI DENGAN SISTEM CASH ON DELIVERY (COD) PADA PLATFORM ONLINE MARKETPLACE ATAS KASUS “GHOSTING ORDER”

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen dalam transaksi jual beli dengan sistem cash on delivery (COD) pada platform online marketplace atas kasus ghosting order. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Adapun hasil penelitian ini bahwasanya bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen yang dirugikan atas kasus ini dibagi menjadi dua yakni perlindungan hukum secara preventif dan perlindungan hukum secara represif. Perlindungan hukum secara preventif dilakukan dengan menerapkan beberapa langkah pencegahan oleh Platform Online Marketplace dan pembeli. Sedangkan perlindungan hukum represif ditemukan dalam berbagai undang-undang, seperti KUHP, UU Perlindungan Konsumen, UU ITE, dan UU Keamanan Data Pribadi. Lebih lanjut, mengenai tanggungjawab hukum pelaku usaha transaksi jual beli dengan sistem Cash On Delivery (COD) dikaji berdasarkan prinsip pertanggungjawaban atas adanya kesalahan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 15 UU ITE. Jika kelalaian dari platform online marketplace yang menyebabkan terjadinya kasus ghosting order, maka platform online marketplace wajib bertanggung jawab. Namun Pasal 15 ayat (3) UU ITE memberikan pengecualian, bahwasanya platform online marketplace tidak bertanggung jawab atas kerugian yang dialami pemilik akun jika kejahatan ghosting order terjadi akibat dari adanya kelalaian dari pengguna.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the consumer law protection in buying and selling transactions with the Cash On Delivery (COD) system on the online marketplace platform regarding cases of ghosting orders. This research is a normative legal study with legislative and conceptual approaches. The findings of this research indicate that the forms of legal protection for consumers affected by this case, it is divided into two categories: preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection. Preventive law protection is implemented by applying several preventive measures by the Online Marketplace Platform and buyers. Meanwhile, repressive legal protection is found in various laws such as the Criminal Code, Consumer Protection Law, ITE Law, and Personal Data Security Law. Furthermore, the legal responsibility of business actors in buying and selling transactions with the Cash On Delivery (COD) system is examined based on the principle of accountability for errors under Article 15 of the ITE Law. If negligence by the online marketplace platform leads to the occurrence of ghosting order cases, then the online marketplace platform is obligated to take responsibility. However, Article 15 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law provides an exception, stating that the online marketplace platform is not responsible for the losses suffered by the account owner if the crime of ghosting order occurs due to negligence by the user.