Pekerja Anak dan Goncangan Pertanian di Indonesia
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https://doi.org/10.24843/JEKT.2017.v10.i02.p03
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh goncangan gagal panen terhadap pekerja anak dan peran aset yang digunakan oleh rumahtangga, baik farm business dan non-farm business dapat mengurangi pengaruh dari goncangan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bencana gagal panen tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pekerja anak pada usia 5-14 tahun. Hal ini mengidikasikan bahwa pada saat terjadi goncangan gagal panen, rumahtangga tidak menggunakan strategi coping dengan menambah pekerja anak untuk meredam berbagai guncangan tersebut. Sementara itu, aset yang digunakan untuk non farm business mampu mengurangi permintaan untuk pekerja anak (demand for child labor). Disisi lain, farm business assets berpengaruh positif terhadap pekerja anak usia 5-14. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya fenomena wealth effect yang terjadi di Indonesia.
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Referensi
Bandara, A., Dehejia, R., & Rouse, S.L. (2014). “The Impact of Income and Non-Income Shocks on Child Labor: Evidence from a Panel Survey of Tanzania”.
Bappenas, (2007). “Laporan Perkembangan Pencapaian Millennium Development Goals Indonesia 2007”. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Jakarta.
Bhalotra, S., & Heady, C. (2003). “Child Farm Labor: The Wealth Paradox”. The World Bank Economic Review, 17, 197-227
Basu, K., & Van, P.H. (1998). “The Economics of Child Labor”. American Economic Review, v88, n3, 412-27
Beegle, K., (2005). “Labor effects of adult mortality in Tanzanian households”. Economic Development and Cultural Change 53, 655– 683.
Beegle, K., Dehejia, R., & Gatti, R., (2004). “Why Should We Care about Child Labor? The Education, Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor”. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, vol. 10980.
Beegle, K., Dehejia, R., & Gatti, R., (2006). “Child labor and agricultural shocks”. Journal Dev Econ 81:80–96
Brown, et (2003). “The Determinants of Child Labour: Theory and Evidence“, OECD Social, France: Employment and Migration Working Papers
Cameron, L., & Worswick, C. (2001). “Education Expenditure Responses to Crop Loss in Indonesia : A Gender Bias. University of Chicago
Cameron, L. A. and Worswick.,C (2003). “The Labour Market as a Smoothing Device: Labour Supply Responses to Crop Loss.” Review of Development Economics 7, no. 2: 327-341.
Debebe.,Y.Z (2010). “Child Labor, Agricultural Shocks and Labor Sharing in Rural Ethiopia“. Working Paper No. 491. International Institute of Social Science.
Dercon, S. (2005). “Insurance Against Poverty (UNU-WIDER Studies in Development Economics). Oxford University Press
Dillon, A. (2008). “Child Labor and Schooling Responses to Production and Health Shocks in Northern Mali”. International Food Policy Research Institute
Edmonds, E.V. (2005).”Understanding Sibling Differences in Child Labor”. Forthcoming in the Journal of Population Economics. Department of Economics. Dartmouth College and the National Bureau of Economic Research
Fitzsimons, E. (2007). “The Effects of Risk on Education in Indonesia”. Institute for Fiscal Studies. Journal of Economic Development and Cultural Change. Volume, issue, pages: Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 1-25
Grimm, M. (2009). “Food Price Inflation and Children’s Schooling”. Discussion Papers. DIW-Berlin 844. Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands
International Fund For Agricultural Development, (2011). “Smallholder Livelihood Development Project In Maluku And North Maluku Draft Project Design Report“. Asia and the Pacific Division Programme Management Department
International Labour Organization. (1996). “Child Labor: What’s To Be Done?. Document for discussion at the Informal Tripartite Meeting at the Ministerial Level (June)”. Geneva, Switzerland
International Labour Organization. (2008). “Panduan tentang Pelaksanaan Pemantauan dan Pelaporan Penerima Manfaat Langsung”. Jakarta
Jacoby, H., & Skoufias, E., (1997). “Risk, financial markets, and human capital in a developing country“. Review of Economic Studies LXIV, 311 – 335
Kochar, A., (1999). “Smoothing consumption by smoothing income: hours-of-work responses to idiosyncratic agricultural shocks in rural India“. Review of Economics and Statistics LXXXI, 50– 61
Kruger, D.I., Soares, R.R., & Barthelon, M. (2007). “Household Choices of Child Labor and Schooling: A Simple Model with Application to Brazil”. IZA DP No. 2776
Maccini,S & Yang.,D (2009). “Under the Weather: Health, Schooling, and Economic Consequences of Early-Life Rainfall“. American Economic Review 2009, 99:3, 1006–1026
Soesilo, I. (2009). “Dari El Nino 1997 ke El Nino 2009”. http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2009/10/10/03384384/ (diakses pada tanggal 20 Mei 2016)
Thomas, D et al. (2004). “Education in a Crisis”. Journal of Development Economics 74(1): 53–85
Bappenas, (2007). “Laporan Perkembangan Pencapaian Millennium Development Goals Indonesia 2007”. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Jakarta.
Bhalotra, S., & Heady, C. (2003). “Child Farm Labor: The Wealth Paradox”. The World Bank Economic Review, 17, 197-227
Basu, K., & Van, P.H. (1998). “The Economics of Child Labor”. American Economic Review, v88, n3, 412-27
Beegle, K., (2005). “Labor effects of adult mortality in Tanzanian households”. Economic Development and Cultural Change 53, 655– 683.
Beegle, K., Dehejia, R., & Gatti, R., (2004). “Why Should We Care about Child Labor? The Education, Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor”. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, vol. 10980.
Beegle, K., Dehejia, R., & Gatti, R., (2006). “Child labor and agricultural shocks”. Journal Dev Econ 81:80–96
Brown, et (2003). “The Determinants of Child Labour: Theory and Evidence“, OECD Social, France: Employment and Migration Working Papers
Cameron, L., & Worswick, C. (2001). “Education Expenditure Responses to Crop Loss in Indonesia : A Gender Bias. University of Chicago
Cameron, L. A. and Worswick.,C (2003). “The Labour Market as a Smoothing Device: Labour Supply Responses to Crop Loss.” Review of Development Economics 7, no. 2: 327-341.
Debebe.,Y.Z (2010). “Child Labor, Agricultural Shocks and Labor Sharing in Rural Ethiopia“. Working Paper No. 491. International Institute of Social Science.
Dercon, S. (2005). “Insurance Against Poverty (UNU-WIDER Studies in Development Economics). Oxford University Press
Dillon, A. (2008). “Child Labor and Schooling Responses to Production and Health Shocks in Northern Mali”. International Food Policy Research Institute
Edmonds, E.V. (2005).”Understanding Sibling Differences in Child Labor”. Forthcoming in the Journal of Population Economics. Department of Economics. Dartmouth College and the National Bureau of Economic Research
Fitzsimons, E. (2007). “The Effects of Risk on Education in Indonesia”. Institute for Fiscal Studies. Journal of Economic Development and Cultural Change. Volume, issue, pages: Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 1-25
Grimm, M. (2009). “Food Price Inflation and Children’s Schooling”. Discussion Papers. DIW-Berlin 844. Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands
International Fund For Agricultural Development, (2011). “Smallholder Livelihood Development Project In Maluku And North Maluku Draft Project Design Report“. Asia and the Pacific Division Programme Management Department
International Labour Organization. (1996). “Child Labor: What’s To Be Done?. Document for discussion at the Informal Tripartite Meeting at the Ministerial Level (June)”. Geneva, Switzerland
International Labour Organization. (2008). “Panduan tentang Pelaksanaan Pemantauan dan Pelaporan Penerima Manfaat Langsung”. Jakarta
Jacoby, H., & Skoufias, E., (1997). “Risk, financial markets, and human capital in a developing country“. Review of Economic Studies LXIV, 311 – 335
Kochar, A., (1999). “Smoothing consumption by smoothing income: hours-of-work responses to idiosyncratic agricultural shocks in rural India“. Review of Economics and Statistics LXXXI, 50– 61
Kruger, D.I., Soares, R.R., & Barthelon, M. (2007). “Household Choices of Child Labor and Schooling: A Simple Model with Application to Brazil”. IZA DP No. 2776
Maccini,S & Yang.,D (2009). “Under the Weather: Health, Schooling, and Economic Consequences of Early-Life Rainfall“. American Economic Review 2009, 99:3, 1006–1026
Soesilo, I. (2009). “Dari El Nino 1997 ke El Nino 2009”. http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2009/10/10/03384384/ (diakses pada tanggal 20 Mei 2016)
Thomas, D et al. (2004). “Education in a Crisis”. Journal of Development Economics 74(1): 53–85
Diterbitkan
2017-08-29
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KHARISMA, Bayu.
Pekerja Anak dan Goncangan Pertanian di Indonesia.
Jurnal Ekonomi Kuantitatif Terapan, [S.l.], aug. 2017.
ISSN 2303-0186.
Tersedia pada: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jekt/article/view/28722>. Tanggal Akses: 29 nov. 2025
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JEKT.2017.v10.i02.p03.
Terbitan
Bagian
Articles
Kata Kunci
bencana gagal panen, pekerja anak, aset farm business, non farm business, wealth effect
