PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI TINGKAT PELAYANAN PRIMER: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Abstract
Penderita hipertensi terus mengalami peningkatan sejalan dengan meningkatnya usia harapan hidup. Hipertensi sangat berbahaya karena dapat menyebabkan serangan jantung, stroke, gagal ginjal bahkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, pelayanan kesehatan lansia dengan hipertensi perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius dari pemberi pelayanan kesehatan primer. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut maka dilakukan systematic review dengan tujuan memberikan gambaran pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan pada lansia dengan hipertensi di tingkat pelayanan primer. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kajian pustaka secara sistematis (systematic review) dari berbagai hasil penelitian yang bersumber pada data elektronik. Pencarian literatur dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan basis data ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, ProQuest, Clinicalkey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian sumber referensi adalah “management hypertension”, “elderly”, dan “primary care” serta dibatasi dalam rentang tahun 2016 hingga 2021. Hasil systematic review ini mengungkap bahwa pelayanan kesehatan di tingkat pelayanan primer telah menggunakan berbagai metode pendekatan seperti peningkatan keterlibatan keluarga, penggunaan SMS, telemonitoring, manajemen diri berbasis telepon selular, dan kunjungan langsung keluarga berupa program Perkesmas PIS-PK. Metode pendekatan tersebut bertujuan meningkatkan kepatuhan lansia penderita hipertensi dalam melaksanakan terapi farmakologi maupun non farmakologi. Kesimpulan bahwa pelayanan primer harus terus dikembangkan seiring kemajuan teknologi informasi tanpa mengesampingkan pelayanan langsung pada pasien dan peningkatan kualitas pemberi pelayanan kesehatan primer.
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