Hambatan dan Strategi komunikasi efektif dalam perawatan kanker
Penelitian Fenomenologi
Abstract
Komunikasi terapeutik diakui sebagai kunci untuk perawatan kanker yang berkualitas, tetapi komunikasi perawat-pasien dalam perawatan kanker adalah hal menantang dan kompleks, selain data yang mengeksplorasi komunikasi perawat-pasien masing sangat kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melaporkan hasil temuan tentang perspektif perawat, pasien dan keluarga terkait hambatan dan strategi komunikasi dalam perawatan kanker. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian fenomenologi yang dilakukan di RS. PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Respoden penelitian ini adalah 16 orang (4 perawat, 7 pasien dan 5 anggota keluarga) yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling dan dilakukan wawancara semi terstruktur. Semua hasil wawancara di transkrip dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Collaizzi. Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua tema yaitu hambatan berkomunikasi efektif dan manajemen berkomunikasi. Hambatan komunikasi dikontruksi oleh sikap mengabaikan, tingkat pendidikan dan kondisi psikologis. Manajemen berkomunikasi terdiri dari persiapan diri, validasi pengetahuan pasien, dan struktur penyampaian informasi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu komunikasi terapeutik merupakan pondasi untuk mempromosikan kualitas perawatan kanker. Hambatan berkomunikasi perlu dimanaje dengan baik dengan mengimplementasikan tindakan untuk menjaga interaksi dan pertukaran informasi seperti mempersiapkan diri, mevalidasi pemahaman pasien, dan penyampaian informasi secara terstruktur
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