Hubungan dukungan sosial kelompok ODHA LSL dengan persepsi ODHA LSL tentang HIV/AIDS

Abstract

WHO menyebutkan bahwa di akhir tahun 2017 sebanyak 36,9 juta orang hidup dengan HIV. Sebanyak 3.5 juta jiwa diantaranya ada di Asia tenggara. Seseorang yang menderita HIV AIDS sering mengalami masalah-masalah psikologis terutama kecemasan, depresi, rasa bersalah (akibat perilaku seks dan penyalahgunaan obat), sehingga menimbulkan dorongan untuk bunuh diri. Tergambar bahwa persepsi ODHA terhadap penyakit yang diderita cenderung negatif dan berpotensi menimpulkan sikap yang negatif pula. Sarafino menyatakan bahwa adanya dukungan sosial berarti adanya penerimaan dari orang tua atau sekelompok orang terhadap individu yang menimbulkan persepsi dalam dirinya bahwa ia disayangi, diperhatikan, dihargai dan ditolong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial kelompok ODHA terhadap persepsi ODHA LSL tentang HIV/AIDS di LSM Puzzle Indonesia Kiara Condong Kota Bandung. Jenis penelitian berupa deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 119, dengan metode pengumpulan data accidental sampling sehingga diperoleh 46 responden. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dukungan sosial dan keusioner persepsi. Analisa univariate menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, dan analisa bivariate menggunakan Spearman Range. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, ODHA LSL menyatakan mendapat dukungan dari LSM puzzle Indonesia sebanyak 71.7% dan sebanyak 76.1% ODHA LSL memiliki persepsi positif. Hubungan dukungan sosial kelompok dengan persepsi memiliki p-value 0.026. Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial kelompok ODHA LSL dengan persepsi ODHA LSL tentang HIV/AIDS di LSM Puzzle Indonesia Kota Bandung.

Kata kunci: dukungan sosial, HIV/AIDS, ODHA LSL, persepsi

ABSTRACT

WHO states that at the end of 2017 as many as 36.9 million people lived with HIV. 3.5 million of them are in southeast Asia. Someone who suffers from HIV AIDS often experiences psychological problems, especially anxiety, depression, guilt (due to sexual behavior and drug abuse), giving rise to suicidal ideation. It is illustrated that their perception of the illness suffered tends to be negative and has the potential to lead to negative attitudes. Sarafino states that the existence of social support means the acceptance of a parent or group of people towards an individual who gives rise to a perception in him that he is loved, cared for, valued and helped. This study aims to determine the relationship between social support for PLWHA MSM (People Living With HIV/AIDS, Men sex to Men) groups towards the perceptions of PLWHA MSM about HIV / AIDS in the NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) Puzzle Indonesia Kiara Condong, Bandung. This type of research is descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The study population was 119, with accidental sampling data collection methods so that 46 respondents were obtained. The instruments in this study used a social support questionnaire and perceptual questionnaire. This research uses a frequency distribution as univariate analysis, and uses a Spearman Range as bivariate analysis. The results showed that PLWHA MSM stated that they received support from the Indonesian puzzle NGO as many as 71.7% and as many as 76.1% of PLWHA MSM had positive perceptions. The relationship of the social support group with perception has a p-value of 0.026. The conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between the social support of PLWHA MSM groups with the perception of PLWHA MSM about HIV / AIDS in the Puzzle Indonesia NGO, Bandung City.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, perception, PLWHA MSM, social support