Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Self-Management Behaviour pada Pasien Hipertensi

I Made Cahyadi Agastiya Agastiya; Putu Oka Yuli Nurhesti; Meril Manangkot

I Made Cahyadi Agastiya Agastiya Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Profesi Ners Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Putu Oka Yuli Nurhesti Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Profesi Ners Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Meril Manangkot Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Profesi Ners Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang menjadi perhatian utama karena morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Self-management behaviour mempunyai peranan penting untuk mengontrol tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi secara efektif. Self-efficacy merupakan konsep dasar self-management behaviour yang akan berpengaruh terhadap keyakinan pasien hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan self-efficacy dengan self-management behaviour pada pasien hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas III Denpasar Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis correlational dengan design cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 61 pasien hipertensi yang dipilih dengan teknik non-probability yaitu total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner Self-efficacy to Manage Hypertension-Five Item Scale dan Hypertension Self-management Behaviour Questionnaire. Hubungan self-efficacy dengan self-management behaviour dianalisis menggunakan Spearman Rank karena data tidak terdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki self-management behaviour tingkat sedang dan self-efficacy tingkat buruk. Uji Spearman Rank menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dengan hasil p-value yaitu 0,000 (p<0,05), r=0,794, R=63,04 dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan antara self-efficacy dengan self-management behaviour pada pasien hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas III Denpasar Utara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan untuk mengembangkan intervensi keperawatan yang dapat meningkatkan self-efficacy pada pasien dengan hipertensi sehingga berdampak pada self-management behaviour.

Kata kunci: hipertensi, self-efficacy, self-management behavior

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is one of chronic diseases and the main concern because of its high morbidity and mortality. Self-management behaviour has an important role to control blood pressure among hypertensive patients in effective way. Self-efficacy is the basic/main concept of self-management behaviour which give an impact to confidence of hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between self-efficacy and self-management behaviour among hypertensive patients in Puskesmas III Denpasar Utara. This study was a correlational study with cross sectional design. Non-probability sampling with total sampling was used to recruit 61 hypertensive patients. The research instruments included Self-efficacy to Manage Hypertension-Five Item Scale and Hypertension Self-management Behaviour Questionnaire. In order to determine the correlation between self-efficacy and self-management behaviour, Spearman Rank was used because the data weren’t normally distributed. The results of this study show that most of hypertensive patients have moderate level of self-management behaviour, while for self-efficacy have a bad level. Spearman Rank test shows the significant result with p-value=0,000 (p<0,05), r=0,794, R=63,04, error level 5%. In conclusion, there is a strong and positive correlation between self-efficacy and self-management behaviour among hypertensive patients in Puskesmas III Denpasar Utara. Based on the result of this study, it is suggested to develop nursing intervention to improve self-efficacy among hypertensive patients to affect the self-management behaviour.

Keywords: hypertension, self-efficacy, self-management behavior

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