Gambaran Tingkat Ansietas, Stres, dan Depresi pada Pengungsi Gunung Agung Pasca Mengungsi
Abstract
Desa Sibetan merupakan desa yang paling banyak dipilih sebagai tempat pengungsian di Kabupaten Karangasem. Kondisi tempat pengungsian yang padat menyebabkan pengungsi rentan mengalami gangguan fisik dan psikologis. Ansietas, stress, dan depresi merupakan gangguan psikologis yang ditemukan pada penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ansietas, stress, dan depresi pada pengungsi Gunung Agung pasca mengungsi di Desa Sibetan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pendekatan retrospective (tujuh bulan sejak peningkatan status pertama kali terjadi). Sampel diperoleh menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah 137 orang. Hasil penelitian yaitu mayoritas responden berumur 31-59 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, memiliki tingkat pengetahuan lulus SD, serta bekerja sebagai wiraswasta/ petani/ peternak. Sebanyak 14,60% responden mengalami ansietas; 10,95% responden mengalami stress; serta 13,87% responden mengalami depresi. Ansietas paling banyak dan berat terjadi pada kelompok umur 31-59 tahun, responden perempuan, tingkat pendidikan lulus SD, dan pekerjaan sebagai wiraswasta/ petani/ peternak. Sedangkan stress dan depresi paling banyak dan berat terjadi pada kelompok umur 31-59 tahun, tingkat pendidikan lulus SD, pekerjaan sebagai wiraswasta/ petani/ peternak, dan paling berat terjadi pada responden perempuan. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu masyarakat masih mengalami ansietas, stress, dan depresi walaupun sudah tujuh bulan sejak peningkatan status terjadi. Disarankan untuk mengkaji kondisi psikologis masyarakat secara berkelanjutan pada penelitian selanjutnya.
Kata kunci: ansietas, depresi, erupsi gunung agung, pasca mengungsi, pengungsi, stres
ABSTRACT
Sibetan Village is the most selected place to become shelter in Karangasem Regency. Crowd in shelter’s environment causes refugees to suffer physical and psychological problems. Anxiety, stress, and depression are found in the other researches. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic of anxiety, stress, and depression on Mount Agung’s refugee post evacuated at Sibetan Village with descriptive method and retrospective (seven month since the first raised status) approach. The samples were 137 which obtained by purposive sampling technique. The result of this research is most of respondents are 31-59 years old, male, passed elementary school, and worked as entrepreneur / farmer/ cattleman. 14.60% respondents suffer anxiety, 10.95% respondents suffer stress, and 13.87% respondents suffer depression. Anxiety mostly occur and severest in the age 31-59 years, female, passed elementary school, and worked as entrepreneur/ farmer/ cattleman. Meanwhile, stress and depression are mostly occur and severest in the age 31-59 years, passed elementary school, worked as entrepreneur/ farmer/ cattleman, and severest on female. This research conclude that people still suffer anxiety, stress, and depression even the raised status was seven month ago. Future research about people’s psychological condition should be done continuously.
Keywords: anxiety, depression, mount agung’s eruption, post evacuated, refugee, stress
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