Hubungan Intensitas Pengasuhan Cucu dengan Kualitas Hidup Lansia

Ni Putu Riskia Narayani; Made Rini Damayanti S; Komang Menik Sri Krisnawati

Ni Putu Riskia Narayani riskianarayani@gmail.com
Made Rini Damayanti S Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Profesi Ners Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Komang Menik Sri Krisnawati Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Profesi Ners Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Abstract

Pengasuhan cucu berdampak pada kehidupan lansia tergantung pada intensitas atau banyaknya waktu yang dihabiskan dalam menjalankan peran ini. Pengasuhan cucu yang dilakukan oleh lansia dapat memberikan dampak secara fisik, psikologi dan sosial bagi lansia yang selanjutnya dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan intensitas pengasuhan cucu dengan kualitas hidup lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling pada 36 lansia. Intensitas pengasuhan cucu diukur dari banyaknya waktu yang digunakan saat mengasuh cucu dalam satu minggu dengan kategori non-intensive (1-39 jam/minggu) dan intensive (?40 jam/minggu). Kualitas hidup terdiri dari empat domain yaitu kesehatan fisik, kesehatan psikologis, hubungan sosial dan lingkungan yang diukur menggunakan instrumen World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Bref. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Spearmen Rank mendapatkan hasil bahwa intensitas pengasuhan cucu mempunyai hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan kualitas hidup domain kesehatan fisik (nilai p 0,011), domain kesehatan psikologis (nilai p 0,000), dan domain hubungan sosial (nilai p 0,004). Kualitas hidup domain lingkungan pada penelitian ini mendapatkan nilai p 0,478>0,05. Hal ini berarti semakin intens pengasuhan cucu yang dilakukan, maka kualitas hidup lansia akan semakin baik. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bermanfaat bagi lansia untuk ikut lebih terlibat dalam pengasuhan cucu mereka.

Kata kunci: intensitas pengasuhan cucu, kualitas hidup, lansia

ABSTRACT

Grandparenting could give an impact to physical, psychological, and social aspect of elderly life, which then could affect their quality of life. The aim of this study was to know the correlation between grandparenting and quality of life of elderly. This study used cross-sectional design and purposive sampling technique that involved 36 elders as participants. Grandparenting intensity was calculated by hours spent caring for a grandchild per week that divided into two categories: non-intensive (1–39 hour) and intensive (?40 hour), while quality of life of elderly that divided into four domains (physical, psychological, social, and environment) was measured by World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref instrument. Spearman Rank Test show that there is a positive and significant correlation between grandparenting intensity and physical domain (p=0.011), psychological domain (p=0.000), and social domain (p=0.004), but show no correlation with environmental domain (p=0.478, p>0.05). These results also show that the higher intensity of grandparenting associates with better quality of life of elderly. Based on these results, elderly suggested to actively involve on grandparenting.

Keywords: elderly, grandparenting intensity, quality of life

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