PENERAPAN NORTON SCALE UNTUK MENCEGAH LUKA TEKAN
Abstract
Integritas kulit pasien yang mengalami bedrest total di lingkungan perawatan seringkali terabaikan. Norton scale merupakan alat penilaian risiko ulkus luka tekan pertama yang dapat dijadikan sebagai alat untuk memantau kejadian luka tekan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan Norton Scale untuk mencegah luka tekan di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan quasi eksperimen dengan desain the repeated-treatment design yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan times series yang dilakukan 6 kali pengukuran. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 41 pasien dewasa yang mengalami bedrest di RSU PKU Muhamadiyah Purworejo pada bulan Juni 2016. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi. Seleksi pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu pasien dewasa bed rest yang melakukan rawat inap lebih dari 3 hari di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Penelitian ini dilakukan pengambilan data dengan instrumen Norton Scale, dan lembar observasi kejadian luka tekan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji statistik uji Wilcoxon dan Friedman Test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada perbedaan bermakna setelah dilakukan penerapan Norton Scale pada kejadian luka tekan hari pertama dan hari ke 6.Perawat hendaknya mampu mengaplikasikan penerapan Norton Scale dalam melakukan pencegahan luka tekan pada pasien bedrest di rumah sakit.
Kata kunci: norton scale, luka tekan
ABSTRACT
Skin integrity of patients with total bedrest in a treatment environment is often overlooked. Norton scale is the first risk assessment tool for wound ulcers that can be used as a tool to monitor the incidence of pressure sores. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of applying Norton Scale to prevent pressure sores in PKU Muhammadiyah Public Hospital Purworejo.The method of this study was carried out with a quasi-experimental design with the repeated-treatment design carried out using the times series approach which was carried out 6 times. The study was conducted on 41 adult patients who experienced bedrest in PKU Muhamadiyah Hospital Purworejo in June 2016. Sampling was done by total sampling method. The data collection technique used in this study was observation. Selection of patients who met the inclusion criteria, namely adult bed rest patients who were hospitalized for more than 3 days in PKU Muhammadiyah Public Hospital Purworejo. This study was carried out data retrieval with Norton Scale instruments, and observation sheets of the incidence of pressure sores. Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Wilcoxon and Friedman Test test statistics. The results showed that there were significant differences after the application of the Norton Scale on the first day and 6th day of the wound.Nurses should be able to apply the application of Norton Scale in prevention of pressure sores in bedrest patients in hospitals.
Keywords: norton scale, wound pressure
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