PENGARUH LATIHAN ISOMETRIK TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN HIPERTENSI

Ida Ayu Made Vera Susiladewi; Desak Made Widyanthari; I Made Oka Adnyana

Ida Ayu Made Vera Susiladewi Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University
Desak Made Widyanthari Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University
I Made Oka Adnyana Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University

Abstract

Hipertensi adalah tekanan darah tinggi persisten yang memiliki lebih dari 140/90 mmHg. Salah satu latihan fisik yang dapat bermanfaat untuk mengurangi tekanan darah adalah latihan isometrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan isometrik terhadap tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimental menggunakan pretest-posttest dengan kelompok kontrol dari 33 sampel yang telah dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran langsung pada tekanan darah dan dilakukan beberapa wawancara untuk mendapatkan karakteristik sampel. Hasil penelitian ini pada 17 sampel kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan penurunan tekanan darah yang signifikan pada pretest dan posttest, sedangkan kelompok lain dengan 16 sampel menunjukkan penurunan tekanan darah yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan tekanan darah posttest pada kedua kelompok. Berdasarkan uji-t sampel independen, perbedaan ini signifikan secara statistik dengan tingkat signifikansi p = 0,000 (? <0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disarankan kepada perawat untuk mempromosikan manajemen hipertensi melalui perubahan gaya hidup, terutama aktivitas fisik yang dapat dilakukan dengan latihan isometrik sebagai latihan harian.

Kata kunci: tekanan darah, hipertensi, latihan isometrik

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is a persistent high blood pressure which has more than 140/90 mmHg. One of the physical exercises that can be useful to reduce blood pressure is isometric exercise. Goal of this research is to determine the effect of isometric exercise on blood pressure of hypertensive patient. This research utilizes a quasi-experimental design using pretest-posttest with control group of 33 samples that have been selected by purposive sampling method. Data collection is performed by a direct measurement on blood pressure and done some interview to get characteristic of the samples. The results of this research on those 17 samples of control group did not show any significant reduction in blood pressure on pretest and posttest, whereas other group with 16 samples showed significant reduction in blood pressure. The results of this research also showed significant difference posttest blood pressure in both groups. Based on the independent sample t-test, this difference is statistically significant with significance level of p=0.000 (?<0.05). Based on those results, it is suggested to nurses to promote the management of hypertension through lifestyle changing, especially physical activity that can be performed with isometric exercise as daily exercise.

Keywords: blood pressure, hypertension, isometric exercise

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