PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI POST-OPERATIF PADA PASIEN FRAKTUR: A LITERATURE REVIEW
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https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2023.v11.i03.p08
Abstrak
Fracture becomes a musculoskeletal problem caused primarily by a traumatic injury to the bone. Fractures cause patients to experience pain both before and after surgery. Giving non-pharmacological therapy in fracture patient like deep breathing exercises aim to optimize nursing care to reduce pain and improve comfort. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on deep breathing exercises for reducing post-operative pain in fracture patients. The research design was a literature review made from Google Scholar dan ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria used were fracture patients; experimental research designs; research articles discussing fractures, deep breathing exercises, and pain; use of Indonesian or English; accessible full-text; and the year of publication 2018-2022. The process of searching and selecting articles uses the prism flow diagram systematic literature review method which will then be categorized based on levels of evidence. Based on the analysis of research articles using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools, it was found that deep breathing exercises can help reduce post-operative pain in fracture patients. One journal combined deep breathing exercises and range of motion, two articles combined music therapy, and three articles focused solely on deep breathing exercises. The literature had one level of evidence, namely Level 2. Four articles were quasi-experimental studies (2.c) and three articles were pre-experimental studies (2.d). The study concluded that deep breathing exercise is one of the non-pharmacological therapies that can help reduce post-operative pain in fracture patients. This study is expected to add to the literature by providing nursing interventions to reduce post-operative pain in fracture patients.
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Referensi
Aini, L., & Reskita. R. (2018). Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam terhadap Penurunan Nyeri pada Pasien Fraktur. Jurnal Kesehatan, 9(2):262-266. ISSN 2086-7751 (Print), ISSN 2548-5695 (Online).
American Bone Health. (2020). Fractures Risk Factors. Diakses di: Mayo Clinic (2018). First Aid. Fractures (Broken Bones). Diakses pada tanggal 2 Januari 2023.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia 2019. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Bergh, C., Wennergren, D., Möller, M., & Brisby, H. (2020). Fracture incidence in adults in relation to age and gender: A study of 27,169 fractures in the Swedish Fracture Register in a well-defined catchment area. PloS one, 15(12), e0244291. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244291
Burns, P. B., Rohrich, R. J., & Chung, K. C. (2011). The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 128(1), 305–310. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e318219c171.
Desiartama, D., & Aryana, A. (2017). Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Fraktur Femur akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Orang Dewasa di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Tahun 2013. E-Jurnal Medika.
Dochterman, J. M., Butcher, H. K., Wagner, C. M., & Bulechek, G. M. (2016). Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) (Edisi 6). Indonesia: Elsevier Singapore Pte Ltd.
Bhavani, A., & Kalavathi, S. (2022). The Effect of Deep Breathing on Pain, Stress, and Depression. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 2(4), 344-346. ISSN-2349-5162.
Firmansyah, A., Setiawan, H., Wibowo, D. A., Rohita, T., & Umami, A. (2021, March). Virtual Reality (VR) Media Distraction Relieve Anxiety Level of the Children During Circumcision. In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities 2020. Atlantis Press, 611-614.
Fitriani, A., Anisa Firdaus, F., Amatilah, F., & Haryani. (2021). The Effect of Music Therapy to Lower Pain Scale among Post-Operating Patients. Genius Journal, 2(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.56359/gj.v2i1.13
Friska, E. (2022). Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Disertai Musik Religi Dapat Mengurangi Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post-Operasi Fraktur. Dohara Publisher Open Access Journal, 1(11):417-424. e-ISSN 2807-310X, p-ISSN 2807-3096.
GBD 2019 Fracture Collaborators. (2021). Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Healthy Longev, 2(9): 580–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00172-0
Healthwise staff. (2020). Stress Management: Breathing Exercises for Relaxation. Health Library. The University of Michigan Health.
Igiany, P.D. (2018). Perbedaan Nyeri Pada Pasien Pasca Bedah Fraktur Ekstremitas Sebelum dan Sesudah Dilakukan Teknik Relaksasi Napas Dalam. Jurnal Manajemen Informasi dan Administrasi Kesehatan (J-MIAK), 1(1): 16-21. ISSN: 2621-6612.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI). (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI.
Listiana, D., Pawiliyah., & Hidayah, F. (2018). Pengaruh Terapi Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur di Ruang Seruni RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. Jurnal Sains Kesehatan, 25(3): 70-77.
Moola, S., Munn, Z., Tufanaru, C., Aromataris, E., Sears, K., Sfetcu, R., Currie, M., Qureshi, R., Mattis, P., Lisy, K., Mu, P-F. (2020). Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z (Editors). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. https://synthesismanual.jbi.global. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Maret 2022.
Nuriya, N., Alivian, G., Taufik, A., & Saryono, S. (2023). Music Therapy to Reduce Pain Intensity in Post Fracture Surgery Patients: Systematic Review. International Journal of Biomedical Nursing Review, 1(2), 101-124. doi:10.20884/1.ijbnr.2022.1.2.8104
Okoli, J. (2021). Generating Evidence For Clinical Nursing. Presentation At The Nurses’ Week. Metu Uzodike Auditorium, Nauth, Nnewi. Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi.
Patiyal, N., Kalyani, V., Mishra, R., Kataria, N., Sharma, S., Parashar, A., & Kumari, P. (2021). Effect of Music Therapy on Pain, Anxiety, and Use of Opioids Among Patients Underwent Orthopedic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus, 13(9), e18377. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18377
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A.G. (2015). Fundamental of Nursing (7th ed.). Singapore: Elsevier Inc.
Pujiarto, P. (2018). “Penurunan Skala Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Open Reductional Internal Fixation Menggunakan Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Dan Terapi Musik,” J. Kesehat. Panca Bhakti Lampung.
Risnah, R., Risnawati, H. R., Azhar, M. U., & Irwan, M. (2019). Terapi Non Farmakologi dalam Penanganan Diagnosis Nyeri Akut pada Fraktur: Systematic Review. Journal of Islamic Nursing, 4(2), 77-87.
Risnanto dan Insani, U. (2014). Buku Ajar Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah: Sistem Muskuloskeletal. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
RSUD Al’Ihsan. (2018). Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). Diakses melalui: https://rsudalihsan.jabarprov.go.id/page/900-Evidence-Based-Bedicine-EBM, pada tanggal 4 Mei 2023.
Sasongko, H., Sukartini, T., Wahyuni, E. D., Putra, M. M. (2019). The Effects of Combination of Range Motion and Deep Breathing Exercise on Pain in Post-Orthopedic Surgery Patients. Indonesian Journal of Medicine, 4(1): 46-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.08. e-ISSN: 2549-0265.
Stokke, K., Olsen, N. R., Espehaug, B., & Nortvedt, M. W. (2014). Evidence based practice beliefs and implementation among nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC nursing, 13(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6955-13-8
Sumardi., Dewi. A., & Sumaryani, S. (2020). Pengaruh Nafas Dalam Dan Mendengarkan Musik Gamelan Terhadap Tingkat Nyeri Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur Di RSUD Dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri. Dinamika Kesehatan Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan, 10(1): 414-426. ISSN: 2086-3454 EISSN: 2549-4058). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v10i1
Suriya, M dan Zuriati. (2019). Buku Ajar Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah Gangguan Pada Sistem Muskuloskeletal Aplikasi Nanda NIC & NOC. Sumatera: Pustaka Galeri Mandiri.
Wahyuningsih, W. P., & Kusmiyati, Y. (2017). Anatomi dan Fisiologi. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia: Pusat Pendidikan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan.
Widiatie, W. (2015). Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri pada Ibu Post Seksio Sesarea di Rumah Sakit Unipdu Medika Jombang. Jurnal Eduhealth, 5(2): 94–101.
Yasid, B., & Sidabutar, R.R. (2022). Pengaruh Latihan Range of Motion terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan, 7(2): 105-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v7i2.273. e-ISSN 2615-0441. p-ISSN 2527-9548
Yusuf, A. H., Iswari, M. F., Sriyono, S., &Yunitasari, E. (2020). The Effect of Combination of Spiritual Deep Breathing Exercise Therapy on Pain and Anxiety in Postoperative Nonpatological Orthopedic Fracture Patients. Eurasia J BioSciences.14: 1625-1631.
American Bone Health. (2020). Fractures Risk Factors. Diakses di: Mayo Clinic (2018). First Aid. Fractures (Broken Bones). Diakses pada tanggal 2 Januari 2023.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia 2019. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Bergh, C., Wennergren, D., Möller, M., & Brisby, H. (2020). Fracture incidence in adults in relation to age and gender: A study of 27,169 fractures in the Swedish Fracture Register in a well-defined catchment area. PloS one, 15(12), e0244291. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244291
Burns, P. B., Rohrich, R. J., & Chung, K. C. (2011). The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 128(1), 305–310. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e318219c171.
Desiartama, D., & Aryana, A. (2017). Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Fraktur Femur akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Orang Dewasa di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Tahun 2013. E-Jurnal Medika.
Dochterman, J. M., Butcher, H. K., Wagner, C. M., & Bulechek, G. M. (2016). Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) (Edisi 6). Indonesia: Elsevier Singapore Pte Ltd.
Bhavani, A., & Kalavathi, S. (2022). The Effect of Deep Breathing on Pain, Stress, and Depression. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 2(4), 344-346. ISSN-2349-5162.
Firmansyah, A., Setiawan, H., Wibowo, D. A., Rohita, T., & Umami, A. (2021, March). Virtual Reality (VR) Media Distraction Relieve Anxiety Level of the Children During Circumcision. In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities 2020. Atlantis Press, 611-614.
Fitriani, A., Anisa Firdaus, F., Amatilah, F., & Haryani. (2021). The Effect of Music Therapy to Lower Pain Scale among Post-Operating Patients. Genius Journal, 2(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.56359/gj.v2i1.13
Friska, E. (2022). Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Disertai Musik Religi Dapat Mengurangi Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post-Operasi Fraktur. Dohara Publisher Open Access Journal, 1(11):417-424. e-ISSN 2807-310X, p-ISSN 2807-3096.
GBD 2019 Fracture Collaborators. (2021). Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Healthy Longev, 2(9): 580–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00172-0
Healthwise staff. (2020). Stress Management: Breathing Exercises for Relaxation. Health Library. The University of Michigan Health.
Igiany, P.D. (2018). Perbedaan Nyeri Pada Pasien Pasca Bedah Fraktur Ekstremitas Sebelum dan Sesudah Dilakukan Teknik Relaksasi Napas Dalam. Jurnal Manajemen Informasi dan Administrasi Kesehatan (J-MIAK), 1(1): 16-21. ISSN: 2621-6612.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI). (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI.
Listiana, D., Pawiliyah., & Hidayah, F. (2018). Pengaruh Terapi Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur di Ruang Seruni RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. Jurnal Sains Kesehatan, 25(3): 70-77.
Moola, S., Munn, Z., Tufanaru, C., Aromataris, E., Sears, K., Sfetcu, R., Currie, M., Qureshi, R., Mattis, P., Lisy, K., Mu, P-F. (2020). Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z (Editors). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. https://synthesismanual.jbi.global. Diakses pada tanggal 11 Maret 2022.
Nuriya, N., Alivian, G., Taufik, A., & Saryono, S. (2023). Music Therapy to Reduce Pain Intensity in Post Fracture Surgery Patients: Systematic Review. International Journal of Biomedical Nursing Review, 1(2), 101-124. doi:10.20884/1.ijbnr.2022.1.2.8104
Okoli, J. (2021). Generating Evidence For Clinical Nursing. Presentation At The Nurses’ Week. Metu Uzodike Auditorium, Nauth, Nnewi. Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi.
Patiyal, N., Kalyani, V., Mishra, R., Kataria, N., Sharma, S., Parashar, A., & Kumari, P. (2021). Effect of Music Therapy on Pain, Anxiety, and Use of Opioids Among Patients Underwent Orthopedic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus, 13(9), e18377. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18377
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A.G. (2015). Fundamental of Nursing (7th ed.). Singapore: Elsevier Inc.
Pujiarto, P. (2018). “Penurunan Skala Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Open Reductional Internal Fixation Menggunakan Relaksasi Nafas Dalam Dan Terapi Musik,” J. Kesehat. Panca Bhakti Lampung.
Risnah, R., Risnawati, H. R., Azhar, M. U., & Irwan, M. (2019). Terapi Non Farmakologi dalam Penanganan Diagnosis Nyeri Akut pada Fraktur: Systematic Review. Journal of Islamic Nursing, 4(2), 77-87.
Risnanto dan Insani, U. (2014). Buku Ajar Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah: Sistem Muskuloskeletal. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
RSUD Al’Ihsan. (2018). Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). Diakses melalui: https://rsudalihsan.jabarprov.go.id/page/900-Evidence-Based-Bedicine-EBM, pada tanggal 4 Mei 2023.
Sasongko, H., Sukartini, T., Wahyuni, E. D., Putra, M. M. (2019). The Effects of Combination of Range Motion and Deep Breathing Exercise on Pain in Post-Orthopedic Surgery Patients. Indonesian Journal of Medicine, 4(1): 46-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.08. e-ISSN: 2549-0265.
Stokke, K., Olsen, N. R., Espehaug, B., & Nortvedt, M. W. (2014). Evidence based practice beliefs and implementation among nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC nursing, 13(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6955-13-8
Sumardi., Dewi. A., & Sumaryani, S. (2020). Pengaruh Nafas Dalam Dan Mendengarkan Musik Gamelan Terhadap Tingkat Nyeri Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur Di RSUD Dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri. Dinamika Kesehatan Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan, 10(1): 414-426. ISSN: 2086-3454 EISSN: 2549-4058). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v10i1
Suriya, M dan Zuriati. (2019). Buku Ajar Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah Gangguan Pada Sistem Muskuloskeletal Aplikasi Nanda NIC & NOC. Sumatera: Pustaka Galeri Mandiri.
Wahyuningsih, W. P., & Kusmiyati, Y. (2017). Anatomi dan Fisiologi. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia: Pusat Pendidikan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan.
Widiatie, W. (2015). Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri pada Ibu Post Seksio Sesarea di Rumah Sakit Unipdu Medika Jombang. Jurnal Eduhealth, 5(2): 94–101.
Yasid, B., & Sidabutar, R.R. (2022). Pengaruh Latihan Range of Motion terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan, 7(2): 105-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v7i2.273. e-ISSN 2615-0441. p-ISSN 2527-9548
Yusuf, A. H., Iswari, M. F., Sriyono, S., &Yunitasari, E. (2020). The Effect of Combination of Spiritual Deep Breathing Exercise Therapy on Pain and Anxiety in Postoperative Nonpatological Orthopedic Fracture Patients. Eurasia J BioSciences.14: 1625-1631.
Diterbitkan
2023-07-20
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SRIDARMAYANTI, Ni Made; RAYA, Nyoman Agus Jagat.
PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI POST-OPERATIF PADA PASIEN FRAKTUR: A LITERATURE REVIEW.
Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 3, p. 179-190, july 2023.
ISSN 2715-1980.
Tersedia pada: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/coping/article/view/101402>. Tanggal Akses: 09 may 2025
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2023.v11.i03.p08.
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