Body Mass Index and Its Relationship with the Independence of Elderly Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mambal Village
Abstract
Introduction: Body Mass Index (BMI) plays an important role in the physical functioning of older adults. A high BMI may limit mobility, while a low BMI is often linked to malnutrition and muscle weakness. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between BMI and the independence of older individuals in daily activities. This study aims to examine the association between BMI and the level of independence among older adults in Mambal Village.
Methods: This observational analytic study used a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling. Conducted in February 2024, it involved 60 older women in Mambal Village. BMI was measured using height and weight, while independence was assessed using the Barthel Index. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Spearman’s rho correlation.
Results: The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between BMI and independence level (p = 0.017). Spearman’s rho test also indicated a significant result (p = 0.024) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.292, suggesting a low but positive correlation between BMI and the ability to perform daily activities independently.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between BMI and the level of independence among older adults in Mambal Village. A higher BMI within a normal range is positively associated with greater independence. These findings highlight the need to maintain an optimal BMI in older adults. Future research should explore additional influencing factors such as family support, socioeconomic status, education, and comorbidities.
Keywords: body mass index, independence, daily activities, elderly women
