MIGRASI TENAGA KERJA PEDESAAN DAN POLA PEMANFAATANNYA

Abstract

Economic development is a dynamic process in medium or long term that brings
impact on social economics’ structural change in rural community. The social economic
transformation can be as sectoral shiftment or employment, institutional, and norms among
wherein community. Macro data assessment shows that sectoral economic shifts faster than
employment shiftment. The objective of this paper is to analyze: (1) Macro Employment;
(2) Migration scheme of rural labor; (3) Identification activity type in the origin; (4) Driven
and apathetic factors of rural labor migration; and (5) The utility scheme of migration in
household economy. Macro description (1990 – 2005) on population migration in three
representative provinces shows that immigration less than emigration. In general view of
that, population move consistently from producer area of agricultural product in the rural to
urban area. There two schemes of representative rural migration. Migration scheme in wet
land area is seasonal, while one in dry land tends to be constant. The aggregate shows that
main driven factor of household member to migrate in two type of agro ecosystem is the
limited employment in rural area; in contrary apathetic factors in destination area is higher
opportunity of job. Living cost payment is major utility scheme that resulted of household
member migration, particularly for household consumption, school fee, house renovation,
and saving.