Gambaran dinamika psikologis dan konsep diri remaja yang sering mengalami kerauhan
Abstract
Bali is full of rituals and ceremonies in every activity that exists. Kerauhan is a phenomenon that is very close to the Balinese Hindu community. Unfortunately, people often only associate this phenomenon with negative things such as being possessed by a demon or wandering spirits. In a different view, this phenomenon is believed to be a symbol of God's presence. This causes kerauhan to become increasingly complex for the public to understand. Kerauhan experienced by a person has a psychological impact on their life. The perceived impact affects the individual's self-concept, namely how certain beliefs, views, attitudes, and evaluations an individual has of them self. This research aims to describe the psychological dynamics and self-concept of adolescents who often experienced kerauhan. This research uses a qualitative method with a multicase study approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. The respondents for this research are 3 women and 2 men who were in the adolescent phase and often experienced kerauhan in Hindu religious ceremonies in Bali. Collecting data using a semi-structured interview method. Meanwhile, the data analysis used in this research is thematic analysis. The results showed that most respondents accepted the experience of kerauhan because they thought that kerauhan was a gift from God, the respondents had a good understanding of what they wanted to be and the social role they played, and all respondents had a tendency to have positive self-concept.
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References
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Rakhmat, J. (2004). Psikologi komunikasi (III). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Rhee, E., Uleman, J. S., Lee, H. K., & Roman, R. J. (1995). Spontaneous self-descriptions and ethnic identities in individualistic and collectivist cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(1), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.142.
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Wulandari, A. R., & Susilawati, L. K. P. A. (2016). Peran penerimaan diri dan dukungan sosial terhadap konsep diri remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan di Bali. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 3(3), 509–518. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/download/28065/17620
Yin, R. K. (2015). Studi kasus desain & metode. PT Rajagrafindo Persada.
Yudiantara, P. (2017, May 17). Kerauhan: Antara niskala dan gangguan jiwa. Baliwisdom.Com. https://baliwisdom.com/kerauhan-antara-niskala-dan-gangguan-jiwa/
Allport, G. W. (1961). Patters and growth in personality. Holt.
Andisti, M. A., & Ritandiyono. (2008). Religiusitas dan perilaku seks bebas pada dewasa awal. Psikologi, 1(2), 170–176. https://ejournal.gunadarma.ac.id/index.php/psiko/article/download/298/238
Ardini, R. (2009). Persepsi wajib pajak terhadap kualitas pelayanan perpajakan pasca reformasi administrasi perpajakan pada kantor wilayah DJP Jawa Tengah I. Binus University.
Association, A. P. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (Fifth). American Psychiatric Association.
Bafirman. (2016). Pembentukan karakter siswa melalui pembelajaran penjasorkes (Pertama). Kencana. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=oXpXDwAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. SAGE.
Bubandt, N. (2009). Interview with an ancestor: Spirits as informants and the politics of possession in North Maluku. Ethnography, 10(3), 291–316. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138109339044
Burns, R. B. (1993). Konsep diri: Teori, pengukuran, perkembangan, dan perilaku (1st ed.). Arcan.
Calhoun, J. F., & Acocella, J. R. (1990). Psychology of adjustment and human relationships. Mc Graw-Hill.
Chaplin, J. P. (1999). Kamus lengkap psikologi. PT Rajagrafindo Persada.
Combs, A., & Snygg, D. (1959). Individual behavior: A perceptual approach. Harpers.
Cronbach, L. J. (1964). Educational psychology. Harcourt, Brace, & Company.
Diananda, A. (2018). Psikologi remaja dan permasalahannya. Istighna, 1(1), 116–133.
Fitrah, M., & Luthfiyah. (2017). Metodologi penelitian: Penelitian kualitatif, tindakan kelas & studi kasus. CV Jejak. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=UVRtDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=penelitian+kualitatif&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjH5uvplYvpAhWBSH0KHVPcA80Q6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=penelitian kualitatif&f=false
Ghufron, M. N., & Risnawati, R. (2016). Teori-teori psikologi. Ar-Ruzz Media.
Han, S., & Shavitt, S. (1994). Persuasion and culture: Advertising appeals in individualistic and collectivistic societies. Journal of Experiment Social Psychology, 30, 326–350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1994.1016
Hollan, D. (2000). Culture and dissociation in Toraja. Transcultural Pscyhiatry, 37(4), 545–559. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/136346150003700404
Horney, K. (1945). Our inner conflicts. Norton.
Indonesia.go.id. (2019, November 26). Kerauhan, penghubung alam sekala dan niskala. Indonesia.Go.Id. https://indonesia.go.id/ragam/budaya/kebudayaan/kerauhan-penghubung-alam-sekala-dan-niskala
Indonesia, H. P. (2010). Kode etik psikologi Indonesia. Pengurus Pusat Himpunan Psikologi Indonesia.
Jahja, Y. (2011). Psikologi perkembangan. Kencana.
Jalaluddin. (2002). Psikologi agama (Revisi). PT Rajagrafindo Persada.
Juliadi. (2018, August 22). Pasca kesurupan massal, penari ngaku didatangi ratu kidul setiap malam. Pojoksatu.Id. https://pojoksatu.id/news/berita-nasional/2018/08/22/pasca-kesurupan-massal-penari-ngaku-didatangi-ratu-kidul-setiap-malam/
Kaplan, H. I., Sadock, B. J., & Grebb, J. A. (2010). Sinopsis Psikiatri Ilmu Pengetahuan Perilaku Psikiatri Klinis. Binarupa Aksara.
Kiuru, N. (2008). The role of adolescents peer groups in the school context. University of Jyvaskyla.
Koentjaraningrat. (1983). Pengantar ilmu antropologi. Aksara Baru.
Kurniawan, I. N. (2017). Melik dan ngiring. Rumah Dharma - Hindu Indonesia.
Liliweri, A. (2009). Makna budaya dalam komunikasi antarbudaya (III). PT LKiS Printing Cemerlang.
Muchtar, D. Y. (2015). Peran religiusitas dalam pembentukan konsep diri remaja. Tazkiya Journal of Psychology, 3(2), 179–191. http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/tazkiya/article/download/9165/pdf
Nasional, D. P. (2012). Kamus besar bahasa Indonesia pusat bahasa. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., & Greene, B. (2005). Psikologi abnormal (Kelima). Erlangga.
Ng, B.-Y. (2000). Phenomenology of trance states seen at a psychiatric hospital in Singapore: A cross-cultural perspective. Transcultural Psychiatry, 37(4), 560–579. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/136346150003700405
Prawira, I. M. A. A., & Suadnyana, I. B. P. E. (2018). Fenomena ngiring pada masyarakat hindu di Bali. Genta Hredaya, 2(2), 44–49. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/322509987.pdf
Rahardanto, M. S., & Subandi. (2012). From acute pain to intense elation: The psychological dynamics of five individuals who experienced spirit possession. Jurnal Psikologi, 39(1), 25–45. https://doi.org/10.22146/JPSI.6965
Rakhmat, J. (2004). Psikologi komunikasi (III). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Rhee, E., Uleman, J. S., Lee, H. K., & Roman, R. J. (1995). Spontaneous self-descriptions and ethnic identities in individualistic and collectivist cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(1), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.142.
Rogers, C. R. (1951). Client centred therapy. Houghton Mifflin.
Rohim, S. (2019, November 2). Suardana tewas setelah tertusuk keris, prajuru desa adat Seraya evaluasi ritual “ngurek.” Bali.Tribunnews.Com. https://bali.tribunnews.com/2019/11/02/suardana-tewas-setelah-tertusuk-keris-prajuru-desa-adat-seraya-evaluasi-ritual-ngurek?page=all
Santra, N. S. (2016, April 20). Kerauhan dalam agama hindu. Swarahindudharma.Com. https://swarahindudharma.com/kerauhan-dalam-agama-hindu/
Santrock, J. W. (2007). Remaja (Kesebelas). Erlangga.
Saparwati, M. (2012). Studi fenomenologi: Pengalaman kepala ruang dalam mengelola ruang rawat di RSUD Ambarawa. Universitas Indonesia.
Shelton, C. M. (1987). Spiritualitas kaum muda bagaimana mengenal dan mengembangkannya. Kanisius.
Siswanto. (2015). Psikologi kesehatan mental: Awas kesurupan! Andi.
Soekanto, S. (2002). Teori peranan. Bumi Aksara.
Somer, E. (2004). Trance possession disorder in Judaism: Sixteenth-century dybbuks in the Near East. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 5(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1300/J229v05n02_07
Somer, E., & Saadon, M. (2000). Stambali: Dissociative possession and trance in a Tunisian healing dance. Transcultural Pscyhiatry, 37, 580–600. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/136346150003700406
Sugiarto, E. (2015). Menyusun proposal penelitian kualitatif: Skripsi dan tesis. Suaka Media. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=jWjvDQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=penelitian+kualitatif&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjm35yDmovpAhUDXisKHZB2B6c4ChDoATAAegQIARAC#v=onepage&q=penelitian kualitatif&f=false
Supartika, P. (2021, February 5). Breaking news: Penari rangda tewas tertusuk keris di Pemecutan Kaja Denpasar. Bali.Tribunnews.Com. https://bali.tribunnews.com/2021/02/05/breaking-news-penari-rangda-tewas-tertusuk-keris-di-pemecutan-kaja-denpasar?page=all
Suryani, L. K., & Jensen, G. D. (1999). Trance and possession in Bali : A window on western multiple personality, possesion disorder, and suicide. ITB.
Sutono, S. (2014, March 12). Belasan siswa SDN 1 Jombang kesurupan dan melata mirip ular. Tribunnews.Com. https://www.tribunnews.com/regional/2014/03/12/belasan-siswa-sdn-1-jombang-kesurupan-dan-melata-mirip-ular
Suyatra, I. P. (2018, August 21). Usai menari rejang sandat di Tanah Lot, siswi dua SMPN terus kesurupan. Baliexpress.Jawapos.Com. https://baliexpress.jawapos.com/read/2018/08/21/93323/usai-menari-rejang-sandat-di-tanah-lot-siswi-dua-smpn-terus-keserupan
Swadiana, O., & Putrawan, N. (2007). Kesurupan membahas tradisi kerauhan di Bali. Majalah Hindu Raditya.
Swansburg, R. C. (2000). Pengantar kepemimpinan dan manajemen keperawatan untuk perawat klinis. EGC.
Taylor, S. E., Peplau, L. A., & Sears, D. O. (2009). Psikologi sosial (Kedua Bela). Prenadamedia Group.
Thouless, R. H. (1992). Pengantar psikologi agama. Rajawali Press.
Walgito, B. (2010). Pengantar psikologi umum. Andi.
Widyastuti, P. R. (2021, February 6). Gamelan riuh saat adegan remaja 16 tahun penari rangda tertusuk keris, tiba-tiba korban tersungkur. Tribunnews.Com. https://www.tribunnews.com/regional/2021/02/06/gamelan-riuh-saat-adegan-remaja-16-tahun-penari-rangda-tertusuk-keris-tiba-tiba-korban-tersungkur?page=all
Wisnawa, G. A. (2020). Bagaimana perbedaan yang dirasakan remaja setelah mengalami kerauhan? Naskah Tidak Dipublikasikan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Bali.
Wulandari, A. R., & Susilawati, L. K. P. A. (2016). Peran penerimaan diri dan dukungan sosial terhadap konsep diri remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan di Bali. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 3(3), 509–518. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/download/28065/17620
Yin, R. K. (2015). Studi kasus desain & metode. PT Rajagrafindo Persada.
Yudiantara, P. (2017, May 17). Kerauhan: Antara niskala dan gangguan jiwa. Baliwisdom.Com. https://baliwisdom.com/kerauhan-antara-niskala-dan-gangguan-jiwa/
Published
2021-10-31
How to Cite
WISNAWA, Gede Adi; FRIDARI, I Gusti Ayu Diah.
Gambaran dinamika psikologis dan konsep diri remaja yang sering mengalami kerauhan.
Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 2, p. 85-98, oct. 2021.
ISSN 2654-4024.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/view/71231>. Date accessed: 16 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JPU.2021.v08.i02.p10.
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Section
Articles
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