EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR ALAMI TERHADAP KOROSI PADA BAJA ST 37 DALAM MEDIA KOROSIF HCl
Abstract
Korosi merupakan salah satu masalah lingkungan yang sering ditemukan dan juga menjadi pusat perhatian masyarakat khususnya di bidang industri besi dan baja. Untuk melindungi baja dari serangan korosi, maka perlu adanya perlindungan dari inhibitor. Inhibitor korosi adalah bahan kimia yang ditambahkan ke dalam lingkungan korosif untuk mengurangi laju korosi. Sebagian besar inhibitor yang digunakan dalam aplikasi industri adalah inhibitor anorganik. Namun inhibitor ini memiliki dampak buruk bagi ekologis dan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan inhibitor ramah lingkungan yang berasal dari bahan alam. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan inhibitor organik yaitu daun nangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak metanol daun nangka dalam menghambat laju korosi pada baja ST 37. Metode yang digunakan dalam menetukan laju korosi adalah metode kehilangan berat. Media uji korosi yaitu larutan HCl 1 M dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun nangka 0,2 ; 0,4 ; 0,6 ; 0,8, 1% dan variasi suhu 30, 40, 50, 60 ?C. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukan bahwa ekstrak daun nangka positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, steroid, triterpenoid. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan ekstrak daun nangka memiliki gugus fungsi O-H, C=O, C=C aromatik, C-H aromatik serta mengandung senyawa alifatik golongan alkana yaitu C-H dan –CH3. Efisiensi inhibisi tertinggi yaitu 93,79% pada konsentrasi ekstrak daun nangka 1% dengan laju korosi baja 0,5682 ± 0,0067 mmpy. Sedangkan suhu optimal diperoleh pada suhu 30 ?C dengan efisiensi inhibisi tertinggi yaitu 91,63% dan laju korosi baja 0,7374 ± 0,0049 mmpy.
Kata Kunci: baja ST 37, inhibitor, daun nangka, metode kehilangan berat
ABSTRACT
Corrosion is one of the environmental problems often found and also the center of public attention, especially in the iron and steel industries. To prevent the steel from corrosion, it is necessary to have protection from inhibitors. Corrosion inhibitors are chemicals added to a corrosive environment to reduce the rate of corrosion. Most of the inhibitors used in industrial applications are inorganic inhibitors, but these inhibitors have negative impacts on ecology and health. Therefore, we need environmentally friendly inhibitors derived from natural materials. In this study, organic inhibitors were used, namely jackfruit leaves. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of methanol extract from jackfruit leaf in inhibiting the corrosion rate of ST 37 steel. The method used to determine the corrosion rate was the weight loss method. The corrosion test medium was 1 M HCl solution with various concentrations of jackfruit leaf extract of 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8: 1.0 %, and the temperature variations of 30, 40, 50, and 60 ?C. The results of the phytochemical test showed that jackfruit leaf extract positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, and triterpenoids. FTIR analysis showed that jackfruit leaf extract has the functional groups O-H, C=O, C=C aromatic, and C-H aromatic and contains aliphatic compounds of the alkane group, namely C-H and –CH3. The highest inhibition efficiency was 93.79% at a jackfruit leaf extract concentration of 1% with a steel corrosion rate of 0.5682 ± 0.0067 mmpy. Meanwhile, the optimum temperature obtained was at 30 ?C with the highest inhibition efficiency of 91.63% and the highest corrosion rate steel of 0.7374 ± 0.0049 mmpy.
Keywords: inhibitor, jackfruit leaf, ST 37 steel, weight loss method.
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