POTENSI EKSTRAK n-BUTANOL DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Staphyloccocus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab penyakit menular di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komponen senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak n-butanol daun tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) dan mengidentifikasi konsentrasi hambat minimum yang menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S.aureus. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode sumur difusi dan dentifikasi senyawanya menggunakan LC-MS/MS (Liquid Mass Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry). Serbuk daun tenggulun sebanyak 1 kg dimaserasi dengan metanol, menghasilkan 90,58 g ekstrak kental metanol yang dipartisi dengan n-butanol. Ekstrak n-butanol pekat pada konsentrasi 20% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan S.aureus secara kuat dengan dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 16,66 mm dan memiliki konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) sebesar 8,75 mm pada konsentrasi 1%. Pemisahan komponen senyawa pada ekstrak n-butanol dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel sebagai fase diam dan fase gerak etil asetat : asam asetat : asam formiat : air dengan perbandingan 10 : 1 : 1 : 2,6 , dimana hasil pemisahannya diperoleh 5 fraksi gabungan (FA, FB, FC, FD, FE). Dalam penelitian ini hanya Fraksi A dan E yang relatif murni secara kromatografi lapis tipis. Hasil identifikasi fraksi A dengan LC-MS/MS, diduga mengandung senyawa Kokamidropropil betain, 2-feniletanol dan Morin. Sementara itu pada fraksi E diduga mengandung senyawa Rutin.
Kata Kunci: antibakteri, daun tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm. F), LC MS/MS, Staphylococcus aureus.
ABSTRACT
One of the microorganisms that causes infectious disorders in Indonesia is Staphyloccocus aureus (S.aureus). According to preliminary research Tenggulun leaves can prevent the growth of S.aureus. In order to stop the growth of S.aureus, this study was set out to estimate the minimum inhibitory concentration of an n-butanol extract from tenggulun leaves (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) and to characterize its components. Maceration was utilized to extract the tenggulun leaves, agar well diffusion method was used to test for antibacterial activity, and Liquid Mass Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to identify the chemicals. One kilogram of tenggulun leaf powder was macerated in metanol to produce 90.58 grams of thick methanol extract divided among with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol to be partitioned. The growth of S.aureus bacteria could be inhibited by the concentrated n-butanol extract at a concentration of 20% with an inhibition diameter of 16.66 mm and the minimum inhibitory concentration of 1% was 8.5 mm. By using column chromatography based on silica gel as the stationary phase and ethyl acetate : acetic acid : formic acid : water in the ratio of 10 : 1 : 1 : 2.6 as the mobile phases, the component of chemicals in the n-butanol extract were separated into 5 mixed fractions (FA, FB , FC, FD, FE). Only relatively pure fractions A used in this study to be identified using a thin layer chromatography. According to the results of the LC-MS/MS, identification of fraction A, it was assumed that this fraction comprised the substances of Cocamidropropyl betaine, 2-phenylethanol, and 2-(2,4-Morin. Meanwhile, the fraction E contained the substance of Rutin.
Keywords: antibacterial, LC MS/MS, tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm. F), Staphylococcus aureus.
Downloads
References
Arima, H., Ashida, H., Danno, G., 2002. Rutin-enhanced antibacterial activities of flavonoids against Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 66(5), 1009–1014.
Corre, J., Lucchini, J. J., Mercier, G. M., and Cremieux, A. 1990. Antibacterial activity of phenethyl alcohol and resulting membrane alterations. Res. Microbiol. 141(4):48-97.
Krasowka, A., Biegalska, A. 2012. Comparison of antimicrobial activity of three commercially used quartenary ammonium surfactants. Sepsis. 5(5):170-174.
Liu, P., Cheng, Y., Yang, M., Liu, Y., Chen, K., Long, C. A., Deng, X. 2014. Mechanisms of action for 2-phenylethanol isolated from Kloeckera apiculata in control of Penicillium molds of citrus fruits. BMC microbiology. 14: 242.
Maria, K., Eløbieta W., Jolanta G. 2005. Antibacterial Activity Of Morin and its Complexes with La(Iii), Gd(Iii) And Lu(Iii) Ions. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica ñ Drug Research. 62:65-67.
Melisa, R. T., Billy, J., Kepel, Michael, A. L. 2015. Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 2302-2493.
Puspawati, N. M., Widiari, N. L. P.., dan Sukadana, I. M.. 2020. Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Tenggulun (Protium Javanicum Burm. F.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphyloccocus aureus. Jurnal Kimia. 14(1):56-62
Rieger, M. M. 1985. Surfactant in Cosmetics. Surfactant science series. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc, Halaman 488.
Segatri. 1989. Taru Pramana Khasiat Tanamtanaman Untuk Obat Tradisional. Penerbit Upada Sastra. Denpasar.
Triana, D,. 2014. Frekuensi β-Lactomase Hasil Stapylococcus aureus secara Iodometri di Lab Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran. GRADIEN: Jurnal Ilmiah MIPA. 10(2):992-995.
Yang, J. Y., Lee, H. S. 2012. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Morin Isolated Activities of Morin from Mulberry Fruits (Morus alba L.). J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem. 55:485-489.
Zhu, Y. J., Zhou, H. T., Hu, Y. H., Tang, J. Y., Su, M. X., Guo, Y. J., Chen, Q. X., Liu, B. 2011. Antityrosinase and antimicrobial activities of 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylacetic acid. Food Chem. 124:298–302.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
