PENGARUH WAKTU POLIMERISASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KOMPOSIT POLIPIROL/KARBON AKTIF (PPy/KA) DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI ELEKTRODA SUPERKAPASITOR
Abstract
Komposit polipirol/karbon aktif tempurung kelapa (PPy/KA) telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode polimerisasi in-situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya waktu polimerisasi terhadap konduktivitas dan kapasitansi dari komposit PPy/KA. Tempurung kelapa dikarbonisasi pada suhu 250oC selama 2 jam dan diaktivasi dengan KOH 50%. Waktu polimerisasi yang digunakan pada sintesis PPy/KA yaitu 2 jam, 4 jam, 6 jam, dan 24 jam. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan karbon aktif tempurung kelapa yang diperoleh memenuhi syarat SNI 06-3730-1995. Hasil karakterisasi dari FTIR menunjukkan terjadi pergeseran serapan vibrasi ulur N-H pada 3433,29 cm-1, vibrasi ulur C=C pada 1558,48 cm-1 dan C-H out of plane pada 933,55 cm-1 pada PPy, menjadi 3448,72 cm-1; 1566,48 cm-1 dan 925,83 cm-1 pada komposit PPy/KA. Pergeseran serapan ini menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara PPy dengan karbon aktif. Dari data hasil pengukuran dengan LCR-meter dan multimeter menunjukkan bahwa nilai kapasitansi dan konduktivitas terbaik diperoleh pada komposit PPy/KA variasi 4 jam yaitu nilai tegangan sebesar 0,535 V, nilai kapasitansi sebesar 59,17 dengan waktu pengisian selama 200 detik dan waktu pelepasan selama 1994 detik.
Kata Kunci: karbon aktif, komposit PPy/KA, polipirol, waktu polimerisasi.
Composite of polypyrrole/ coconut shell activated carbon (PPy/ KA) has been successfully synthesized by in-situ polymerization method. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of polymerization time on the conductivity and capacitance of PPy / KA composites. The coconut shell was carbonized at 250oC for 2 hours and activated with 50% KOH. The polymerization time for PPy/KA synthesis was 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours. The characterization results of the coconut shell activated carbon have met the national standard of SNI 06-3730-1995. The results from FTIR characterization showed that there was a shift in the absorption vibration of N-H stretching at 3433,29 cm-1, C=C stretching at 1558,48 cm-1 and C-H out of plane at 933,55 cm-1 for PPy, shifted to 3448,72 cm-1; 1566,48 cm-1 and 925,83 cm-1 for PPy/KA composite. This indicated that there were interaction between KA and PPy. From the data measurement using LCR-meter and multimeter showed that the best capacitance and conductivity values ??were obtained in the 4-hour variation PPy / KA composites. Voltage and capacitance measurement showed 0.535 V and 59.17 ?F, respectively, with a charging time of 200 seconds and discharging time of 1994 seconds.
Keywords: activated carbon, polymerization time, polypyrrole, PPy/KA composite.
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