SYNTHESIS OF ZNCL2-ACTIVATED COCONUT SHELL ADSORBENT FOR MERCURY REMOVAL
Abstract
Kontaminasi merkuri dalam air menimbulkan risiko besar bagi organisme dan ekosistem. Pengurangan merkuri dari air yang terkontaminasi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas air. Metode adsorpsi, khususnya menggunakan adsorben yang berasal dari limbah biomassa, telah menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan dalam proses penjernihan air. Adsorpsi logam merkuri menggunakan arang aktif dari tempurung kelapa telah diteliti dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghilangkan kadar logam merkuri dalam air dengan menggunakan variasi suhu kalsinasi. Tempurung kelapa dibakar menggunakan furnace pada suhu 300 °C dan 450 °C. Bubuk arang tersebut kemudian diaktivasi secara kimia menggunakan ZnCl2 selama 24 jam. Material dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan FTIR untuk mengetahui fasa kristal dan gugus fungsi yang terkandung dalam material. Material diuji dalam simulasi larutan merkuri, dan konsentrasi merkuri yang tersisa diukur menggunakan AAS. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi XRD, mineral grafit ditemukan pada material yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 300 °C dan 450 °C. Sementara itu, beberapa gugus fungsi mempunyai muatan positif dan negatif pada permukaan material. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa material hasil kalsinasi suhu 300 °C menghasilkan %R dan Qe tertinggi, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 99,91 mg/L dan 9,991 mg/g, secara berurutan. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa limbah tempurung kelapa mampu menurunkan kadar logam merkuri dalam air. Tempurung kelapa dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben pada proses pengolahan limbah hasil proses industri.
Kata kunci:
Adsorpsi, Arang aktif, Tempurung kelapa, Merkuri
ABSTRACT
Mercury contamination in water poses severe risks to both living organisms and ecosystems. Removing mercury from contaminated water is crucial for enhancing water quality. The adsorption method, particularly using adsorbents derived from biomass waste, has shown promising results in this purification process. The adsorption of mercury metal using activated charcoal from coconut shells has been investigated using experimental methods. This research aimed to remove mercury metal levels in water by varying the calcination temperature. Coconut shells were calcinated using a furnace at 300°C and 450°C. Afterward, the charcoal powder was chemically activated using ZnCl2 for 24 hours. The material was characterized using XRD and FTIR to determine the crystal phase and functional groups contained in the material. The material was tested in a simulated mercury solution, and the remaining mercury concentration was measured using AAS. Based on the XRD characterization results, graphite minerals were found in the material calcined at 300°C and 450°C. Moreover, several functional groups had positive and negative charges on the material's surface. The finding showed that the material from calcination at 300°C yielded the highest %R and Qe, namely 99.91 mg/L and 9.991 mg/g, respectively. This research proved that coconut shell waste can reduce mercury metal levels in water. The coconut shell is able to act as an adsorbent in the waste processing process resulting from industrial processes.
Keywords:
Adsorption, Activated charcoal, Coconut shell, mercury
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