Selection, Isolation, and Identification of Entomopathogenic Bacteria and fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith in Maize
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most devastation pests of maize. The control of S. frugiperda so far relies on synthetic pesticides, which can cause deleterious effects on the environments, especially when the insects start to exhibit resistance. The use of entomopathogenic bacteria and/or fungi could provide environmentally friendly alternatives in controlling S. frugiperda. Selections were started by collecting dead S. frugiperda larvae from several locations. These specimens were placed in PDA and NA media. The isolated bacteria and fungi were purified and individually tested on S. frugiperda larvae to determine the rates of mortality and feed consumption. This study employed a complete randomized design and trials were repeated three times. Results showed that Lia and Lib bacterial isolates produce mortality rates of 50% and 23.33%, respectively, on S. frugiperda larvae. Fungal isolates P1, P2, K2, and K3 produced mortality rates on S. frugiperda larvae in the range of 10-16.67%. The highest reduction of feed consumption was produced by K3 isolate at 34.16%. Lia, Lib, P1, P2, and K2 isolates decreased feed consumption at 14.77%, 26.87%, 24.02%, 33.18, and 31.14%, respectively. Molecular identifications showed that Lia and Lib isolates were Aeromonas hydrophila strain DUCC5728HX-3 and Acinetobacter soli strain GFJ2, respectively. This is the first report on entomopathogenic bacteria on S. fruguperda larvae. Fungal isolates K2, K3, P1, and P2 were identified to be Penicillium citrinum strain DUCC5728, Metarhizium rileyi strain 936, and Aspergillus flavus strain KU20018.4, respectively.
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References
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Yang M, Wang B, Gao J, Zhang Y, Xu W, Tao L. 2017. Chemosphere spinosad induces programmed cell death involves mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome C release in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells. Chemosphere 169: 155-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.065.
Zhang, S., Reddy, M., and Kloepper, J. (2004). Tobacco growth enhancement and blue mold disease protection by rhizobacteria: relationship between plant growth promotion and systemic disease protection by PGPR strain 90–166. Plant Soil 262, 277–288. doi: 10.1023/B:PLSO.0000037048.26437.fa.
Balfas R & Willis M. 2009. Effect of Medicinal Plants Extract on Mortality and Survival of Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Bul. Littro. Vol. 20 No. 2, 2009, 148 – 156.
Early R, González-Moreno P, Murphy ST, Day R. 2018. Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal pest Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm. NeoBiota 40: 25-50. DOI:10871/34861
FAO & CABI. 2019. Community-Based Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Monitoring, Early Warning and Management, Training of Trainers Manual. First Edition. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and CAB International. Rome
Ganiger PC, Yeshwanth HM, Muralimohan K, Vinay N, Kumar ARV, Chandrashekara K. 2018. Occurrence of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the maize fields of Karnataka, India. Current Science 115: 621-623.
Ginting S, Zarkani A, Wibowo RH, Sipriyadi. 2020. New invasive pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) attacking corn in Bengkulu, Indonesia. Serangga 25: 105-117.
Goergen G, Kumar PL, Sankung SB, Togola A, Tam M. 2016. First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive pest in West and Central Africa. PLoS One 11: 1-9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165632.
Gustianingtyas M, S. Herlinda, S. Suwandi, 2021. The endophytic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenecity against the new invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. BIODIVERSITAS 22 (20): 1051-1062. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220262.
Herlinda S, Octariati N, Suwandi S, Hasbi. 2020b. Exploring entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) soil and their pathogenicity against a new invasive maize pest, Spodoptera frugiperda. BIODIVERSITAS 21(7): 2955-2965. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210711.
Idrees A, A. Afzal, ZA. Qadir, Jun Li. 2023. Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Front. Physiol 14: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1107434
Lee, Won Woo; Shin, Tae Young; Bae, Sung Min; Woo, Soo Dong (2015). Screening and evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi against the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, using multiple tools. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 18(3), 607–615. doi:10.1016/j.aspen.2015.07.012
Lestari P, Budiarti A, Fitriana Y, Susilo FX, Swibawa IG. 2020. Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1670-1677. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210448.
Maharani Y, Dewi VK, Puspasari LT, Rizkie L, Hidayat Y, Dono D. 2019. Cases of Fall Army Worm Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Attack on Maize in Bandung, Garut and Sumedang District, West Java. J Cropsaver 2(1): 38-46.
Maketon, M, Amnuaykanjanasin A, Kaysorngup A, 2014. A rapid knockdown effect of Penicillium citrinum for control of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Thailand. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2014, 30, 727–736.
Montezano DG, Specht A, Sosa-gómez DR, Brasília UD. 2018. Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) in the Americas. Afr Entomol 26: 286-300. DOI: 10.4001/003.026.0286
Ngangambe MH, Mwatawala MW. 2020. Effects of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) and cropping systems on parasitoids of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on maize in eastern central, Tanzania. Biocontrol Sci Technol 30: 1-13. DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2020.1726878.
Patel PH, Sisodiya DB, Raghunandan BL, Patel NB, Gohel VR and Chavada KM. 2020. Bio-efficacy of entomopathogenic bacteria and fungi against invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) under laboratory condition. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 8(6): 716-720
Polanczyk R, SRF Pires da, LM Fiuza, LM Fiuza. 2000. Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 31(3): 165-167. DOI: 10.1590/S1517-83822000000300003.
Rivero-Borja M, Guzmán-Franco AW, Rodríguez-Leyva E, SantillánOrtega C, Pérez-Panduro A. 2018. Interaction of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae with chlorpyrifos ethyl and spinosad in Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. Pest Manag Sci 74: 2047-2052. DOI: 10.1002/ps.4884.
Russell BM, Kay BH, Shipton W. 2001). Survival of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Eggs in Surface and Subterranean Breeding Sites During the Northern Queensland Dry Season. Journal of Medical Entomology, 38(3), 441–445. doi:10.1603/0022-2585-38.3.441.
Srisukchayakul P, Wiwat C, and Pantuwatana S. 2005. Studies on the Pathogenesis of the Local Isolates of Nomuraea rileyi against Spodoptera litura. ScienceAsia 31 (2005): 273-276.
Trisyono YA, Suputa, Aryuwandari VEF, Hartaman M, Jumari. 2019. Occurrence of Heavy Infestation by the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, a New Alien Invasive Pest, in Corn in Lampung Indonesia. J Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 23 (1): 156–160.
Visalakshi M, Varma PK, Sekhar VC, Bharathalaxmi M, Manisha B L, & Upendhar S. 2020. Studies on mycosis of Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi on Spodoptera frugiperda infesting maize in Andhra Pradesh, India. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 30(1). doi:10.1186/s41938-020-00335-9.
Wu X, Zhang L, Yang C, Zong M, Huang Q, Tao L. 2016. Detection on emamectin benzoate-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf-9 cell line. Pestic Biochem Physiol 126: 612. DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.06.009
Yang M, Wang B, Gao J, Zhang Y, Xu W, Tao L. 2017. Chemosphere spinosad induces programmed cell death involves mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome C release in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells. Chemosphere 169: 155-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.065.
Zhang, S., Reddy, M., and Kloepper, J. (2004). Tobacco growth enhancement and blue mold disease protection by rhizobacteria: relationship between plant growth promotion and systemic disease protection by PGPR strain 90–166. Plant Soil 262, 277–288. doi: 10.1023/B:PLSO.0000037048.26437.fa.
Published
2024-04-25
How to Cite
SOESANTO, Loekas; ANIK LEANA, Ni Wayan; SUROTO, Agus.
Selection, Isolation, and Identification of Entomopathogenic Bacteria and fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith in Maize.
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. 1-11, apr. 2024.
ISSN 2655-9994.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jbb/article/view/111543>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/IJBB.2024.v11.i02.p01.
Section
Articles
