AKTIVITAS ANTIKANKER ISOLAT TOKSIK DARI EKSTRAK METANOL SPONS GENUS Haliclona Grant, 1836 TERHADAP SEL HELA
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Telah dilakukan uji aktivitas antikanker isolat toksik dari ekstrak metanol spons genus Haliclona Grant, 1836 terhadap sel HeLa. Uji untuk mengetahui toksisitas spons genus Haliclona Grant, 1836 dilakukan dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) menggunakan larva Artemia salina Leach terhadap ekstrak etanol dan metanol spons tersebut. Hasil uji menunjukkan ekstrak metanol bersifat lebih toksik dengan nilai LC50 32,36 ppm. Hasil partisi ekstrak metanol menghasilkan ekstrak n-heksana, kloroform dan air. Ekstrak kloroform memiliki toksisitas paling tinggi dengan LC50 64,57 ppm.Ekstrak kloroform dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom silika gel menggunakan eluen etil asetat : n-heksana (2 : 8), diperoleh 5 fraksi (F1 – F5). Fraksi satu (F1) memberikan nilai toksisitas paling tinggi dengan LC50 70,79 ppm dan berdasarkan uji fitokimia diduga mengandung senyawa golongan steroid. Isolat toksik (F1) selanjutnya diuji secara in vitro terhadap sel HeLa, namun memiliki daya hambat yang sangat rendah dalam membunuh sel HeLa dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 2187,5 ppm.
ABSTRACT: A research to test the anticancer activity toxic isolate of the methanol extract genus sponge of Haliclona Grant, 1836 to HeLa cells was conducted. Preliminary test to determine the toxicity of the ethanol and methanol crude extract genus sponge of Haliclona Grant, 1836 was conducted using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. The results showed that the methanol extract was more toxic with the LC50 value of 32,36 ppm. Partitions of the methanol extract using n-hexane, chloroform and water were conducted and it was found that the chloroform extract was the most toxic against Artemia salina L. larvae with LC50 of 64,57 ppm. The chloroform extract was separated by column chromatography using ethyl acetate : n-hexane (2 : 8) as eluent and 5 fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4 andF5) were obtained. First fraction (F1) was the most toxic with LC50 of 70,79 ppm. Based on the phytochemical tests the toxic compounds were suspected to be a steroid. Furthermore, the toxic isolates (F1) was tested in vitro against HeLa cells, but it was not able to inhibit the growth and kill HeLa cells with IC50 value of 2187,5 ppm.
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