Isolasi Jenis Cemaran Parasit pada Tanah
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https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2023.v15.i04.p23
Abstrak
Telah dilakukan penelitian pada tanah sekitar kandang sapi dan padang penggembalaan. Tanah merupakan sumber infeksi/infestasi L3(stadium larva 3), telur infektif, ookista dan tungau atau caplak. Soil Transmitted Pathogens merupakan organisme yang hidup di tanah tapi dalam waktu yang tidak lama, selanjutnya keberlanjutan siklus harus memerlukan inang. Sapi dalam hal ini berperan sebagai inang/hospesnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengisolasi jenis cemaran parasit pada tanah sekitar kandang dan padang penggembalaan. Sampel tanah masing-masing sejumlah 100 berasal dari wilayah kering berkapur (Jimbaran) dan wilayah basah (Mengwi-Badung). Metode pengapungan dengan MgSO4 (garam inggris) yang dimodifikasi sebagai metode untuk menentukan jenis cemaran lingkungan tanah. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 45 % (90/200) tanah tercemar oleh parasit. Jenis cemaran parasit yang ditemukan adalah ookista coccidia, kista protozoa, telur cacing trematoda dan nematoda, larva cacing nematoda serta telur dan larva tungau. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian lingkungan tanah diperoleh 45% tanah ada cemaran parasit yaitu protozoa, telur cacing, larva dan telur tungau berasal dari wilayah Bukit Jimbaran (29%) dan Mengwi (61%).
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Referensi
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Agustina KK, Wirawan IMA, Sudarmaja IM, Subrata M, Dharmawan NS. 2022. The first report on the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among traditional pig farmers in Bali Province, Indonesia. Vet. World. 15(5): 1154-1162.
Andi AA, Apsari IAP, Ardana IBK. 2015. Isolasi dan identifikasi oosista koksidia dari tanah di sekitar tempat pembuangan sampah di Kota Denpasar. Indon. Med. Vet. 4(2): 163-169.
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Astiti LG, Panjaitan T, Prisominggo. 2011. Identifikasi parasit internal pada sapi Bali di wilayah dampingan sarjana membangun desa di Kabupaten Bima. Proc. Sem. Nas. Teknol. Peternakan dan Vet. Pp. 384-387.
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Edza AW, Merry C, Globila N. 2021. Relation of parasites in soil with the existence of parasites on farmers nails. Ina. J. Med. Lab. Sci. Tech. 3(1): 47–55.
Ferreira FP, Caldarti ET, Freire RL, Mitsuka-Breganoi R, Machado de Freitas F, Miura AC, Mareze M, Martins FDC, Urbano MR, Seifert AL, Navarro IT. 2018. The effect of water source and soil supplementation on parasite contamination in organic vegetable gardens. Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol. 27(3): 327-337.
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Ganeshamurthy AN, Varalakshm LR, Sumangala HP. 2008. Environmental risks associated with heavy metal contamination in soil, water and plants in urban and periurban agriculture. J. Hortl. Sci. 3(1): 1-29.
Hasan AA, Oyebamiji DA. 2018. Intensity of soil transmitted helminths in relation to soil profile in selected public schools in ibadan Metropolis. Biom Biostat Int J. 7(5): 413-417.
Horiuchi S, Paller VGP, Uga S. 2013. Soil contamination by parasite eggs in rural village in the Philippines. Trop. Biomed. 30(3): 495–503.
Jeffrey AH, Toshiharu T, Rieta G. 2011. Differing success of defense strategies in two parasitoid wasps in protecting their pupae against a secondary hyperparasitoid. An. Entomol. Soc. America. 104(5): 1005-1011.
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Kafle CM, Ghimire S, Dhakal P, Shrestha U, Poudel SCR, Adhikari N, Tuladhar R. 2014. ldentification of parasites in soil samples of vegetable field of bhaktapur district. TUJM. 2(1): 26-28.
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Laurentine S, Esther NOA, Eveline M, Tiburce G, Hugues C, Nana-Djeunga. 2021 Transmission of soil transmitted helminthiasis in the mifi health district (west region, cameroon): low endemicity but still prevailing risk. Parasitologia. 1: 95–104.
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Maas J. 2007. Coccidiosis in cattle. UCD.Vet Views. California Cattlemens Magazine. School of Veterinary Medicine University of California.
Machfudz, Puspitawati SH. 2017. Kontaminasi tanah oleh telur cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) di halaman sekolah negeri di Surabaya. http://lib.unair.ac.id.
Matsuo J, Kimura D, Rai SK, Uga S. 2004. Detection of Toxoplasma oocyst from soil by modified sucrose flotation and PCR methods. Shouthest Asian J. Trop. Med. Pub. Health. 35(2): 270-274.
Medicastore. 2011. Toxocariasis. Infeksi dan Penyakit menular. http://medicastore.com/penyakit/220/Toksokariasis.
Mel Pence. 2001. Coccidiosis in cattle. University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine. www.ugabeef.caes.uga.edu/coccidiosis.
Nordin A, Nyberg K, Vinneras B. 2009. Inactivation of ascaris eggs in source-separated urine and feces by ammonia at ambient temperatures. App. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 662–667.
Nugroho A. 2014. Peran tanah sebagai reservoir penyakit. Vektora. 6(1): 27-32.
Paller VGV, Babia-Abion S. 2019. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) eggs contaminating soils in selected organic and conventional farms in the Philippines. Parasite Epidemiol. Cont. 7: e00119.
Purwanta N, Hutauruk JD, Setiawathy S. 2009. Identifikasi cacing saluran pencernaan (Gastrointestinal) pada sapi Bali melalui pemeriksaan tinja di Kabupaten Gowa. J. Agrisistem. 5(1): 10-21.
Rai SK, Uga S, Ono K , Rai G, Matsumura T. 2000. Contamination of soil with helminth parasite eggs in Nepal. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Pub. Health. 31(2): 388-393.
Ristic M, Miladinovic-Tasic N, Dimitrijevic S, Nenadovic K, Bogunovic D, Stevanovic P, Ilic T. 2020. Soil and sand contamination with canine intestinal parasite eggs as a risk factor for human health in public parks in Niš (Serbia). Helminthol. 57(2): 109-119.
Silvana R, Rosa M, Ferreiro P, Aline PF, Lais HT, Bianca BAM, Sergio OP, Marcos MC. 2011. Environment analysis of the parasitic profile found in the sandy soil from the Santhos Municipality Beaches, sp Brazil. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 53(5): 277-281.
Soulsby EJL. 1982. Helminth, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals. 7th Ed. Bailliere Tindall London
Sugama IN, Suyasa IN. 2007. Keragaan infeksi parasit gastrointestinal pada sapi Bali model kandang simantri. Balai Kajian Teknologi Pertanian Bali.
Sures B, Nachev M, Selbach C, David JM. 2017. Parasite responses to pollution: what we know and where we go in ‘Environmental Parasitology. Parasites dan Vectors. 10: 65.
Theresa RS, Huw VS, Joan BR. 2000. Emerging parasite zoonoses associated with water and food. J. Int. Parasitol. 30(12-13): 1379-1393.
Tudor P. 2015. Soil contamination with canine intestinal parasites eggs in the parks and shelter dogs from Bucharest area. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 6: 387-391.
Wahyuni D, Arniwita F, Putri E. 2012. Telur parasit nematode usus pada pemukiman kurang sehat di kota Pekanbaru. J. Kes. Kom. 1(4): 188-192.
Word Health Organization. 2004. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminthiasis. Parasitol. Int. 53(2): 103-113.
Word Health Organization. 2022. Soil transmitted helminth infections. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted-helminth-infections
Zain SNM, Rahman R, Lewis JW. 2014. Stray animal and human defecation as sources of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in playgrounds of Peninsular Malaysia. J. Helminthol. Pp. 1-8.
Zajac AM, Conboy GA. 2007. Veterinary clinical parasitology. Seventh Ed. AAVP (American Association of Veterinary Parasitologist. Blackwell Publishing.
Agustina KK, Darmayudha AAGO, Wirata IW. 2013. Prevalensi Toxocara vitulorum pada induk dan anak sapi bali di wilayah Bali Timur. Bul. Vet. Udayana. 5(1): 1-6.
Agustina KK, Anthara MS, Sibang NAAN,
Wiguna WAR, Apramada JK, Gunawan WNF, Oka IBM, Subrata M, Besung NK. 2021. Prevalence and distribution of soiltransmitted helminth infection in free-roaming dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia. Vet. World. 14(2): 446-451.
Agustina KK, Wirawan IMA, Sudarmaja IM, Subrata M, Dharmawan NS. 2022. The first report on the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among traditional pig farmers in Bali Province, Indonesia. Vet. World. 15(5): 1154-1162.
Andi AA, Apsari IAP, Ardana IBK. 2015. Isolasi dan identifikasi oosista koksidia dari tanah di sekitar tempat pembuangan sampah di Kota Denpasar. Indon. Med. Vet. 4(2): 163-169.
Asian Liver Fluke network. 2007. http://www.welcome Asian Liver Fluke network.htm.
Astiti LG, Panjaitan T, Prisominggo. 2011. Identifikasi parasit internal pada sapi Bali di wilayah dampingan sarjana membangun desa di Kabupaten Bima. Proc. Sem. Nas. Teknol. Peternakan dan Vet. Pp. 384-387.
Brotowidjoyo MD.1987. Parasit dan parasitisme. Penerbit CV. Akademika Pressindo, Jakarta.
Brotowidjoyo MD. 1989. Epidemiologi penyakit parasit. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Edza AW, Merry C, Globila N. 2021. Relation of parasites in soil with the existence of parasites on farmers nails. Ina. J. Med. Lab. Sci. Tech. 3(1): 47–55.
Ferreira FP, Caldarti ET, Freire RL, Mitsuka-Breganoi R, Machado de Freitas F, Miura AC, Mareze M, Martins FDC, Urbano MR, Seifert AL, Navarro IT. 2018. The effect of water source and soil supplementation on parasite contamination in organic vegetable gardens. Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol. 27(3): 327-337.
Fitriastuti ER, Atikah N, Isriyanthi NMR. 2011. Studi penyakit koksidiosis pada sapi betina di 9 Provinsi di Indonesia. Balai besar Pengujian Mutu dan Sertifikasi Obat Hewan. Bogor.
Ganeshamurthy AN, Varalakshm LR, Sumangala HP. 2008. Environmental risks associated with heavy metal contamination in soil, water and plants in urban and periurban agriculture. J. Hortl. Sci. 3(1): 1-29.
Hasan AA, Oyebamiji DA. 2018. Intensity of soil transmitted helminths in relation to soil profile in selected public schools in ibadan Metropolis. Biom Biostat Int J. 7(5): 413-417.
Horiuchi S, Paller VGP, Uga S. 2013. Soil contamination by parasite eggs in rural village in the Philippines. Trop. Biomed. 30(3): 495–503.
Jeffrey AH, Toshiharu T, Rieta G. 2011. Differing success of defense strategies in two parasitoid wasps in protecting their pupae against a secondary hyperparasitoid. An. Entomol. Soc. America. 104(5): 1005-1011.
Juliet ON, Oliver NO, Oliver OO, Cosmos UA. 2013. Comparative study of Intestinal Helminth and Protozoa of Cattle and Goats in Abakaliki Metropolis of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Adv. Appl. Sci. Res. 4(2): 223-227.
Kafle CM, Ghimire S, Dhakal P, Shrestha U, Poudel SCR, Adhikari N, Tuladhar R. 2014. ldentification of parasites in soil samples of vegetable field of bhaktapur district. TUJM. 2(1): 26-28.
Kvasnicka B. 2007. Coccidiosis in beef cattle. Product of extension beef cattle resource committee. Adapted from the cattle producers library. Beef Cattle Handbook.
Lab Pengelolaan DAS dan Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan, Tanah dan Air. 2009. Klimatologi (suatu pengantar). Buku Ajar Klimatologi.
Laurentine S, Esther NOA, Eveline M, Tiburce G, Hugues C, Nana-Djeunga. 2021 Transmission of soil transmitted helminthiasis in the mifi health district (west region, cameroon): low endemicity but still prevailing risk. Parasitologia. 1: 95–104.
Levine ND. 1994. Buku pelajaran parasitologi veteriner. Penerjemah Gatut Ashadi dan wardiarto. Edisi Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta. Pp. 531.
Lynn MK, Morrissey JA, Conserve DF. 2021. Soil-transmitted helminths in the USA: a review of five common parasites and future directions for avenues of enhanced epidemiologic inquiry. Curr. Trop. Med. Rep. 8: 32–42.
Maas J. 2007. Coccidiosis in cattle. UCD.Vet Views. California Cattlemens Magazine. School of Veterinary Medicine University of California.
Machfudz, Puspitawati SH. 2017. Kontaminasi tanah oleh telur cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) di halaman sekolah negeri di Surabaya. http://lib.unair.ac.id.
Matsuo J, Kimura D, Rai SK, Uga S. 2004. Detection of Toxoplasma oocyst from soil by modified sucrose flotation and PCR methods. Shouthest Asian J. Trop. Med. Pub. Health. 35(2): 270-274.
Medicastore. 2011. Toxocariasis. Infeksi dan Penyakit menular. http://medicastore.com/penyakit/220/Toksokariasis.
Mel Pence. 2001. Coccidiosis in cattle. University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine. www.ugabeef.caes.uga.edu/coccidiosis.
Nordin A, Nyberg K, Vinneras B. 2009. Inactivation of ascaris eggs in source-separated urine and feces by ammonia at ambient temperatures. App. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 662–667.
Nugroho A. 2014. Peran tanah sebagai reservoir penyakit. Vektora. 6(1): 27-32.
Paller VGV, Babia-Abion S. 2019. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) eggs contaminating soils in selected organic and conventional farms in the Philippines. Parasite Epidemiol. Cont. 7: e00119.
Purwanta N, Hutauruk JD, Setiawathy S. 2009. Identifikasi cacing saluran pencernaan (Gastrointestinal) pada sapi Bali melalui pemeriksaan tinja di Kabupaten Gowa. J. Agrisistem. 5(1): 10-21.
Rai SK, Uga S, Ono K , Rai G, Matsumura T. 2000. Contamination of soil with helminth parasite eggs in Nepal. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Pub. Health. 31(2): 388-393.
Ristic M, Miladinovic-Tasic N, Dimitrijevic S, Nenadovic K, Bogunovic D, Stevanovic P, Ilic T. 2020. Soil and sand contamination with canine intestinal parasite eggs as a risk factor for human health in public parks in Niš (Serbia). Helminthol. 57(2): 109-119.
Silvana R, Rosa M, Ferreiro P, Aline PF, Lais HT, Bianca BAM, Sergio OP, Marcos MC. 2011. Environment analysis of the parasitic profile found in the sandy soil from the Santhos Municipality Beaches, sp Brazil. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 53(5): 277-281.
Soulsby EJL. 1982. Helminth, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals. 7th Ed. Bailliere Tindall London
Sugama IN, Suyasa IN. 2007. Keragaan infeksi parasit gastrointestinal pada sapi Bali model kandang simantri. Balai Kajian Teknologi Pertanian Bali.
Sures B, Nachev M, Selbach C, David JM. 2017. Parasite responses to pollution: what we know and where we go in ‘Environmental Parasitology. Parasites dan Vectors. 10: 65.
Theresa RS, Huw VS, Joan BR. 2000. Emerging parasite zoonoses associated with water and food. J. Int. Parasitol. 30(12-13): 1379-1393.
Tudor P. 2015. Soil contamination with canine intestinal parasites eggs in the parks and shelter dogs from Bucharest area. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 6: 387-391.
Wahyuni D, Arniwita F, Putri E. 2012. Telur parasit nematode usus pada pemukiman kurang sehat di kota Pekanbaru. J. Kes. Kom. 1(4): 188-192.
Word Health Organization. 2004. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminthiasis. Parasitol. Int. 53(2): 103-113.
Word Health Organization. 2022. Soil transmitted helminth infections. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted-helminth-infections
Zain SNM, Rahman R, Lewis JW. 2014. Stray animal and human defecation as sources of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in playgrounds of Peninsular Malaysia. J. Helminthol. Pp. 1-8.
Zajac AM, Conboy GA. 2007. Veterinary clinical parasitology. Seventh Ed. AAVP (American Association of Veterinary Parasitologist. Blackwell Publishing.
Diterbitkan
2023-05-21
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APSARI, Ida Ayu Pasti; SWACITA, Ida Bagus Ngurah; OKA, Ida Bagus Made.
Isolasi Jenis Cemaran Parasit pada Tanah.
Buletin Veteriner Udayana, [S.l.], p. 694-701, may 2023.
ISSN 2477-2712.
Tersedia pada: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/101360>. Tanggal Akses: 14 oct. 2025
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2023.v15.i04.p23.
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