Early study of the flowering and fruiting periods of Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae) in Bali
Abstract
The study of flowering and fruiting periods of Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae) in its natural habitat is the first aroid’s observation on flowering biology which conducted in Bali. This early study aimed to investigate the flowering and fruiting behavior of S. horsfieldii in the natural habitat inside Bali Botanic Garden. The result showed that it took roughly more than 16 days for flowering period, while fruiting time duration completed around 60 days or 2 months. Flowers maturity (anthesis) occured approximately 72 hours or 3 days for a cycle of the flowering time. Female flowers reached anthesis prior to male flowers. Insects were supposed as pollinator which played a significant role to reproduction success. The observation was terminated due to the study’s objects were missing at the same time when the ripening berries had already finished observing. Wild long-tailed macaques and/or wood mice were most likely to be the suspects.
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References
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Barabe D, Gibernau M, Forest F. 2002. Zonal thermogenetic dynamics of two species of Philodendron from two different subgenera (Araceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 139(1): 79-86. DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00040.x
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Boyce PC, Wong SY. 2015. Compendium Genera Aracearum Malesianum. Aroideana 38(1): 40-177.
Buggeln RG, Meeuse BJD, Klima JR. 1971. The Control of Blooming in Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae) by Darkness. Can. J. Bot. 49: 1025-1031. DOI: 10.1139/b71-143.
Dakwale SR, Bhatnagar S. 1985. Insect-trapping behaviour and diel periodicity in Sauromatum guttatum Schott (Araceae). Curr. Sci. 54(14): 699–702. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24088626. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Gibernau M. 2003. Pollinators and Visitors of Aroid Inflorescences. Aroideana 26: 66-83.
Gibernau M. 2011. Pollinators and Visitors of Aroid Inflorescences: an addendum. Aroideana 34: 70-83.
Gibernau M, Barabe D. 2002. Pollination ecology of Philodendron squamiferum (Araceae). Can. J. Bot. 80: 316–320. DOI: 10.1139/b02-006
Grayum MH. 1990. Evolution and Phylogeny of the Araceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77(4): 627-697. DOI: 10.2307/2399668
Hadacek F, Weber M. 2008. Club-shaped Organs as Additional Osmophores within the Sauromatum Inflorescence: Odour Analysis, Ultrastructural Changes and Pollination Aspects. Plant Biol. 4(3): 367-383. DOI:10.1055/s-2002-32335
Heng L, Hetterscheid WLA. 2010. Sauromatum Schott in Schott & Endlicher, Melet. Bot. 17. 1832, in Fl. China 23: 36-39. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=129334. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Hentrich H, Kaiser R, Gottsberger G. 2010. Floral Biology and rReproductive Isolation by Floral Scent in Three Sympatric Aroid Species in French Guiana. Plant Biol. 12: 587–596. DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00256.x
Mayo SJ, Bogner J, Boyce PC. 1997. The Genera of Araceae. The Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew.
McDougal KM, Moore JE, Fanning ME. 2016. Biology of Weird Plant: The Voodoo Lily (Sauromatum guttatum). Proceedings of the 37th Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 37, Article 47 in Tested Studies for Laboratory Teaching (K. McMahon, Editor).
Meeuse BJD. 1975. Thermogenic Respiration in Aroids. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 26: 117-126. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pp.26.060175.001001
Meeuse BJD. 1978. The Physiology of Some Sapromyophilous Flowers. In: A.J. Richards (ed.). The Pollination of Flowers by Insects. Linnean Society Symposium Series. No. 6. Academic Press: London, 97-104.
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Meeuse BJD, Hatch MH. 1960. Beetle Pollination in Dracunculus and Sauromatum (Araceae). Coleopteris Bull. 14(3): 70-74. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3999116. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Odyuo N, Roy DK, Dey S, Mao AA. 2015. Sauromatum horsfieldii (Araceae – Areae): an addition to the Flora of India. Telopea 18: 227-232. DOI: 10.7751/telopea8886.
Putri DMS. 2018. Koleksi Rhododendron Sebagai Salah Satu Taman Tematik di Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali. Buletin Udayana Mengabdi. 17(1): 1-6.
Seymour RS. 2001. Biophysics & Physiology of Temperature Regulation in Thermogenic Flowers. Biosci. Rep. 21(2): 223-236. DOI: 10.1023/a:1013608627084
Seymour RS, Schultze-Motel P. 1997. Heat-producing Flowers. Endeav. 21(3): 125-129. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-9327(97)80222-0
Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2014. Vegetasi Alami dan Perubahannya setelah 22 tahun (1986-2008) di Hutan Tanaman Altingia excelsa Noronha Candikuning-Bali. Berita Biologi 12(2): 191-202. DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.693.
Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2018. Tree Standing Dyamnics after 30 Years in A Secondary Forest of Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19(1): 22-30.
Skubatz H, Kunkel DD, Howald WN, Trenkle R, Mookherjee B. 1996. The Sauromatum guttatum Appendix as an Osmophore: Excretory Pathways, Composition of Volatiles and Attractiveness to Insects. New Phytol. 134: 631-640. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb04928.x
Skubatz H, Nelson TA, Meeuse BJD, Bendich AJ. 1991. Heat Production in the Voodoo Lily (Sauromatum guttatum) as Monitored by Infrared Thermography. Plant Physiol. 95: 1084-1088. DOI: 10.1104/pp.95.4.1084
Yuzammi, Astuti IP, Suratman M. 2017. Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae): Koleksi Baru Kebun Raya Bogor. Warta Kebun Raya 15(1): 13-17.
Barabe D, Gibernau M, Forest F. 2002. Zonal thermogenetic dynamics of two species of Philodendron from two different subgenera (Araceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 139(1): 79-86. DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00040.x
BKSDA Bali. 2021. Cagar Alam Batukahu. https://www.ksda-bali.go.id/ca-batukahu/ diakses pada tanggal 4 Juni 2021.
Boyce PC, Sookchaloem D, Hetterscheid WLA, Gusman G, Jacobsen N, Idei T, Du NV. 2012. Acoraceae and Araceae, in Flora of Thailand 11(2):1-221. The Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation: Bangkok.
Boyce PC, Wong SY. 2012. The Araceae of Malesia I: Introduction. Malay. Nat. J. 64(1): 33-67.
Boyce PC, Wong SY. 2015. Compendium Genera Aracearum Malesianum. Aroideana 38(1): 40-177.
Buggeln RG, Meeuse BJD, Klima JR. 1971. The Control of Blooming in Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae) by Darkness. Can. J. Bot. 49: 1025-1031. DOI: 10.1139/b71-143.
Dakwale SR, Bhatnagar S. 1985. Insect-trapping behaviour and diel periodicity in Sauromatum guttatum Schott (Araceae). Curr. Sci. 54(14): 699–702. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24088626. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Gibernau M. 2003. Pollinators and Visitors of Aroid Inflorescences. Aroideana 26: 66-83.
Gibernau M. 2011. Pollinators and Visitors of Aroid Inflorescences: an addendum. Aroideana 34: 70-83.
Gibernau M, Barabe D. 2002. Pollination ecology of Philodendron squamiferum (Araceae). Can. J. Bot. 80: 316–320. DOI: 10.1139/b02-006
Grayum MH. 1990. Evolution and Phylogeny of the Araceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77(4): 627-697. DOI: 10.2307/2399668
Hadacek F, Weber M. 2008. Club-shaped Organs as Additional Osmophores within the Sauromatum Inflorescence: Odour Analysis, Ultrastructural Changes and Pollination Aspects. Plant Biol. 4(3): 367-383. DOI:10.1055/s-2002-32335
Heng L, Hetterscheid WLA. 2010. Sauromatum Schott in Schott & Endlicher, Melet. Bot. 17. 1832, in Fl. China 23: 36-39. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=129334. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Hentrich H, Kaiser R, Gottsberger G. 2010. Floral Biology and rReproductive Isolation by Floral Scent in Three Sympatric Aroid Species in French Guiana. Plant Biol. 12: 587–596. DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00256.x
Mayo SJ, Bogner J, Boyce PC. 1997. The Genera of Araceae. The Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew.
McDougal KM, Moore JE, Fanning ME. 2016. Biology of Weird Plant: The Voodoo Lily (Sauromatum guttatum). Proceedings of the 37th Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 37, Article 47 in Tested Studies for Laboratory Teaching (K. McMahon, Editor).
Meeuse BJD. 1975. Thermogenic Respiration in Aroids. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 26: 117-126. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pp.26.060175.001001
Meeuse BJD. 1978. The Physiology of Some Sapromyophilous Flowers. In: A.J. Richards (ed.). The Pollination of Flowers by Insects. Linnean Society Symposium Series. No. 6. Academic Press: London, 97-104.
Meeuse BJD, Buggeln RG. 1969. Time, Space, Light, and Darkness in the Metabolic Flare-up of the Sauromatum Appendix. Acta Bot. Neerl. 18(1): 159-172. DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1969.tb00581.x
Meeuse BJD, Hatch MH. 1960. Beetle Pollination in Dracunculus and Sauromatum (Araceae). Coleopteris Bull. 14(3): 70-74. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3999116. Diakses tanggal 7 Juni 2021.
Odyuo N, Roy DK, Dey S, Mao AA. 2015. Sauromatum horsfieldii (Araceae – Areae): an addition to the Flora of India. Telopea 18: 227-232. DOI: 10.7751/telopea8886.
Putri DMS. 2018. Koleksi Rhododendron Sebagai Salah Satu Taman Tematik di Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali. Buletin Udayana Mengabdi. 17(1): 1-6.
Seymour RS. 2001. Biophysics & Physiology of Temperature Regulation in Thermogenic Flowers. Biosci. Rep. 21(2): 223-236. DOI: 10.1023/a:1013608627084
Seymour RS, Schultze-Motel P. 1997. Heat-producing Flowers. Endeav. 21(3): 125-129. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-9327(97)80222-0
Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2014. Vegetasi Alami dan Perubahannya setelah 22 tahun (1986-2008) di Hutan Tanaman Altingia excelsa Noronha Candikuning-Bali. Berita Biologi 12(2): 191-202. DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.693.
Siregar M, Undaharta NKE. 2018. Tree Standing Dyamnics after 30 Years in A Secondary Forest of Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19(1): 22-30.
Skubatz H, Kunkel DD, Howald WN, Trenkle R, Mookherjee B. 1996. The Sauromatum guttatum Appendix as an Osmophore: Excretory Pathways, Composition of Volatiles and Attractiveness to Insects. New Phytol. 134: 631-640. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb04928.x
Skubatz H, Nelson TA, Meeuse BJD, Bendich AJ. 1991. Heat Production in the Voodoo Lily (Sauromatum guttatum) as Monitored by Infrared Thermography. Plant Physiol. 95: 1084-1088. DOI: 10.1104/pp.95.4.1084
Yuzammi, Astuti IP, Suratman M. 2017. Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae): Koleksi Baru Kebun Raya Bogor. Warta Kebun Raya 15(1): 13-17.
Published
2022-06-09
How to Cite
KURNIAWAN, Agung; WONG, Sin Yeng.
Early study of the flowering and fruiting periods of Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae) in Bali.
Jurnal Biologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 26, n. 1, p. 1-10, june 2022.
ISSN 2599-2856.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bio/article/view/75251>. Date accessed: 19 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i01.p01.
Section
Articles
