Identifikasi jamur endofit dari tumbuhan Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith dan potensi antagonisnya terhadap jamur Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler
Abstract
Alternaria alternata adalah jamur patogen penyebab penyakit early blight tanaman tomat yang mengakibatkan penurunan produksi mencapai 79% di beberapa negara. Solusi biokontrol alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah ini dapat memanfaatkan jamur endofit yang berasosiasi dengan tumbuhan mangrove. Tumbuhan mangrove Sonneratia alba memiliki banyak senyawa bioaktif dan strain jamur endofit yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan di bidang agrikultur hingga farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jamur endofit dari tumbuhan S. alba dan mengetahui kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur A. alternata. Hasil penelitian teridentifikasi 5 spesies jamur endofit, salah satunya Penicillium sp. yang memiliki penghambatan tertinggi terhadap A. alternata sebesar 73,96 ± 2,24%. Filtrat jamur endofit Penicillium sp. KPM-2.1 secara signifikan (P?0,05) menunjukkan daya hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 100% (v/v) terhadap koloni A. alternata, yakni sebesar 37,76 ± 1,97%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa filtrat jamur Penicillium sp. KPM-2.1 kurang efektif sebagai antagonis A. alternata dibandingkan filtrat jamur endofit pembanding Trichoderma harzianum KPD-1, yakni sebesar 72,64 ± 1,90%.
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References
Amaria W, Harni R, Samsudin S. 2016. Evaluasi Jamur Antagonis dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Rigidoporus microporus Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Tanaman Karet. Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops 2(1): 51-60.
Amaria W, Taufiq E, Harni R. 2013. Seleksi dan Identifikasi Jamur Antagonis Sebagai Agens Hayati Jamur Akar Putih Rigidoporus Microporus Pada Tanaman Karet. Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops 4(1): 55-64.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Bali. 2023 Statistik Hortikultura Provinsi Bali. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Bali 2022: Denpasar.
Barnett HL, Hunter BB. 1972. Ilustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi, 2nd Edition. Burgess Publishing Company: West Virginia.
Cahaya A., Hasanuddin, Syamsuddin. 2017. Daya Hambat Minyak Serai Wangi (Andropogon nordus L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Patogen Terbawa Benih secara In Vitro dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Terung (Solanum melongena L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Unsyiah 2(4) : 11-21.
Carro-Huerga G, Compant S, Gorfer M, Cardoza RE, Schmoll M, Gutiérrez S, Casquero PA. 2020. Colonization of Vitis vinifera L. by the Endophyte Trichoderma sp. Strain T154: Biocontrol Activity Against Phaeoacremonium minimum. Frontiers in plant science 11(560876):1-15.
Dendang B. 2015. Uji Antagonisme Trichoderma spp. Terhadap Ganoderma sp. yang Menyerang Tanaman Sengon Secara in Vitro. Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 4(2): 147-156.
Dennis C, Webster J. 1971. Antagonistic Properties of Species-Groups of Trichoderma: I. Production of Non-volatile Antibiotics. Transactions of The British Mycological Society 57(1): 25-39.
Deshmukh SK., Gupta MK., Prakash V, Saxena, S. 2018. Endophytic Fungi: A Source of Potential Antifungal Compounds. Journal of Fungi 4(77): 1-42.
Gherbawy Y, Voigt, K. 2010. Molecular Identification of Fungi. Springer: NewYork.
Gulzar N, Kamil AN, Mir MY. 2018. The Process of Early Blight Disease Development in Tomato. Journal of Research and Development 18(1): 112-115.
Hamzah TNT, Lee SY, Hidayat A, Terhem R, Faridah-Hanum I, Mohamed R. 2018. Diversity and Characterization of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Tropical Mangrove Species, Rhizophora mucronata, and Identification of Potential Antagonists Against The Soil-borne Fungus, Fusarium solani. Frontiers in Microbiology. 9(1707):1-17.
Harizon, Pujiastuti, B., Kurnia D, Sumiarsa D, Shiono Y, Supratman, U. 2015. Antibacterial Triterpenoids from the Bark of Sonneratia alba (Lythraceae). Natural Product Communications 10(2): 277-280.
Hasan S, Gupta G, Anand S, Kaur, H. 2014. Lytic Enzymes of Trichoderma: Their Role in Plant Defense. International Journal of Applied Research and Studies 3(2): 1-5.
Hati AAPS, Inabuy FS, Hardini, J. 2024. Identifikasi dan Skrining Fitokimia Jamur Endofit pada Mangrove Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith. Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 11(1): 82-91.
Houbraken J, de Vries RP, Samson RA. 2014. Modern Taxonomy Of Biotechnologically Important Aspergillus and Penicillium Species. Advances in Applied Microbiology 86(1): 199-249.
Ihwah A, Deoranto P, Wijana S, Dewi IA. 2018. Comparative Study Between Federer and Gomez Method for Number of Replication in Complete Randomized Design Using Simulation: Study of Areca Palm (Areca catechu) as Organic Waste for Producing Handicraft Paper. In IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Science 131(1): 1-6.
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Imran M, Abo-Elyousr KA, Mousa MA, Saad MM. 2023. Use of Trichoderma Culture Filtrates as A Sustainable Approach to Mitigate Early Blight Disease of Tomato and Their Influence on Plant Biomarkers and Antioxidants Production. Frontiers in Plant Science 14(1): 1-19.
Istifadah N, Novilaressa PG, Widiantini F, Hartati S. 2020. Keefektifan Bakteri dan Khamir Asal Air Rendaman Kompos dalam Menekan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak cokelat (Alternaria solani Sorr.) pada Tomat. Agrikultura 31(1): 52-60.
Jenoh EM, de Villiers EP, de Villiers SM, Okoth S, Jefwa J, Kioko E, Kaimenyi D, Hendrickx M, Dahdouh-Guebas F, Koedam N. 2019. Infestation Mechanisms of Two Woodborer Species in The Mangrove Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith in Kenya and Co-occurring Endophytic Fungi. Plos one. 14(10) 1-20.
Kiti HM, Munga CN, Odalo JO, Guyo PM, Kibiti CM. 2021. Diversity of Mangrove Fungal Endophytes from Selected Mangrove Species of Coastal Kenya. Journal of Marine Science. 20(1): 125-136.
Kumar N, Dutta R, Ajay BC, Radhakrishnan T. 2022. Alternaria Leaf Blight (Alternaria spp.) an Emerging Foliar Fungal Disease of Winter-Summer Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea). Indian Journal of Agricutural Sciences 92(9): 1043–1050.
Li H, Liao YCZ, Wan Y, Li DW, Zhu LH. 2023. Colletotrichum siamense, a Novel Causal Agent of Viburnum odoratissimum Leaf Blotch and Its Sensitivity to Fungicides. Journal of Fungi 9(882): 1-13.
Lingga AR., Pato U, Rossi, E. 2016. Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Batang Kecombrang (Nicolaia speciosa Horan) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Universitas Riau. [Disertasi].
Liu LP, Wang Y, Qiu PL, Zhang B, Zhang L, Wang N, Li Y, Gao J, Hsiang, T. 2020. Colletotrichum neorubicola sp. nov., a New Leaf Anthracnose Pathogen of Raspberry from Northeast China. Mycological Progress 19(1): 947-955.
Luo M, Guo W, Zhao M, Manawasinghe IS, Guarnaccia V, Liu J, Hyde KD, Dong Z, You C. 2022. Endophytic Diaporthe Associated with Morinda officinalis in China. Journal of Fungi 8(806): 1-28.
Muthahanas I, Isnain M. 2019. Identifikasi Jamur Patogen Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di Lahan Kering Amor-Amor Lombok Utara. Crop Agro: Jurnal Ilmiah Budidaya 12(2): 111-121.
Nadhifah YM, Hastuti US, Syamsuri I. 2016. Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Identifikasi Mikoflora dari Rizosfer Tanah Pertanian Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) sebagai Bahan Ajar Kingdom Fungi untuk Siswa Kelas X SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan 1(10): 2023-2030.
Ningsih H, Hastuti US, Listyorini D. 2016. Kajian Antagonis Trichoderma spp Terhadap Fusarium solani Penyebab Penyakit Layu Pada Daun Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens) secara in vitro. In Proceeding Biology Education Conference 13(1): 814-817.
Nurfarahin, AH, Mohamed MS, Phang LY. 2018. Culture Medium Development for Microbial-derived Surfactants Production—an Overview. Molecules. 23(1049): 1-26.
Ola AR., Soa CA, Sugi Y, Cunha TD, Belli HL, Lalel HJ. 2020. Antimicrobial Metabolite from The Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Sonneratia alba, A Mangrove Plant of Timor-Indonesia. Rasayan Journal Chemistry 13(1): 377-381.
Pakadang SR, Marsus I, Isanawati. 2021. Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungus Isolates of Mangrove Fruit (Sonneratia alba) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichia coli. Jurnal Info Kesehatan. 19(1): 55-63.
Pap PL, Marković MP. 2008. Effects of Some Ecological Factors on Dothichiza populea Sacc. et Br. Growth. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 115(1): 75-89.
Park, J., Kim, S., Jo, M., An, S., Kim, Y., Yoon, J., Jeong, M. H., Kim, E. Y., Choi, J., Kim, Y. and Park, S. Y. 2024. Isolation and Identification of Alternaria alternata from Potato Plants Affected by Leaf Spot Disease in Korea: Selection of Effective Fungicides. Journal of Fungi. 10(53): 1-16.
Pavithra G, Bindal S, Rana M, Srivastava S. 2020. Role of Endophytic Microbes Against Plant Pathogens: A Review. Asian Journal Plant Science. 19(1): 54-62.
Pem D, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, Doilom M, Boonmee S, Hongsanan S, Promputtha I, Xu JC, Hyde KD. 2019. Mycosphere Notes 275–324: A Morpho-taxonomic Revision and Typification of Obscure Dothideomycetes Genera (Incertae Sedis). Mycosphere 10(1): 1115-1246.
Pitt JI, Hocking AD. 2009. Fungi and Food Spoilage. Springer: New York.
Porter CL. 1924. Concerning The Characters of Certain Fungi as Exhibited by Their Growth in The Presence of Other Fungi. American Journal of Botany 11(3): 168-188.
Rahmadanty NH, Darmayasa IBG, Parwanayoni NMS. 2023. Potensi Filtrat Trichoderma asperellum TKD dalam Menghambat Kontaminasi Aspergillus parasiticus pada Biji Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Simbiosis. 11(1):15-30
Rampa E, Manurun S, Sinaga H. 2023. Isolasi Fungi Endofit dari Buah dan Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.). Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan “SUARA FORIKES" 14(1): 92-96.
Ratnasari JD, Isnawati, Ratnasari E. 2014. Uji Antagonis Agens Hayati Terhadap Jamur Cercospora musae Penyebab Penyakit Sigatoka secara in Vitro. Lenterabio 3(2): 129-135.
Saifudin A. 2014. Senyawa Alam Metabolit Sekunder, Teori, Konsep, dan Teknik Pemurnian. Deepublish: Sleman.
Singh P, Vijay K., 2011. Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt of Chrysanthemum with Trichoderma and Botanicals. Journal Agricultural Technology. 7(6): 1603–1613.
Su YY, Cai L. 2012. Polyphasic Characterisation of Three New Phyllosticta spp. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 28(1): 76-84.
Suliati, Rahmawati, Mukarlina. 2017. Jenis- Jenis Jamur Endofit Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) di Perkebunan Dungun Prapakan Sambas. Protobiont 6(3): 173-181.
Suryani Y, Taupiqurrahman O, Kulsum Y. 2020. Mikologi. PT. Freeline Cipta Granesia: Padang.
Thambugala K, Daranagama D, Kannangara S. 2022. Biocontrol Potential of Endophytic Fungi in Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Leaves Against Selected Fungal Phytopathogens. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 18(6): 665-669.
Tran NT, Miles AK, Dietzgen RG, Dewdney MM, Zhang K, Rollins JA, Drenth A. 2017. Sexual Reproduction in The Citrus Black Spot Pathogen, Phyllosticta citricarpa. Phytopathology. 107(6) 732-739.
Triasih U, Widyaningsih S, Mutia ED. 2021. Pengaruh Formulasi Media Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan Agen Hayati yang Berasal dari Jamur Antagonis Trichoderma sp. dan Gliocladium sp. Serta Potensinya dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Bercak Daun Alternaria sp. pada Tanaman Apel. Gontor Agrotech Science of Journal 7(2): 163-182.
Triasih U, Wuryantini S, Agustina, D. 2022. Karakterisasi Cendawan Rizosfer Kebun Jeruk Organik dan Potensinya dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Botryodiplodia theobromae dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 18(5): 205-212.
Whipps JM. 2001. Microbial Interactions and Biocontrol In The Rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany 52(1): 487-511.
Wikee S, Lombard L, Nakashima C, Motohashi K, Chukeatirote E, Cheewangkoon R, McKenzie EHC, Hyde, KD, Crous PW. 2013. A Phylogenetic Re-evaluation of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales). Studies in Mycology 76(1): 1-29.
Wulandari D, Sulistyowati L, Muhibuddin, A. 2014. Keanekaragaman Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) dan Kemampuan Antagonisnya terhadap Phytophthora infestans. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan 2(1): 110-118.
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Amaria W, Taufiq E, Harni R. 2013. Seleksi dan Identifikasi Jamur Antagonis Sebagai Agens Hayati Jamur Akar Putih Rigidoporus Microporus Pada Tanaman Karet. Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops 4(1): 55-64.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Bali. 2023 Statistik Hortikultura Provinsi Bali. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Bali 2022: Denpasar.
Barnett HL, Hunter BB. 1972. Ilustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi, 2nd Edition. Burgess Publishing Company: West Virginia.
Cahaya A., Hasanuddin, Syamsuddin. 2017. Daya Hambat Minyak Serai Wangi (Andropogon nordus L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Patogen Terbawa Benih secara In Vitro dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Terung (Solanum melongena L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Unsyiah 2(4) : 11-21.
Carro-Huerga G, Compant S, Gorfer M, Cardoza RE, Schmoll M, Gutiérrez S, Casquero PA. 2020. Colonization of Vitis vinifera L. by the Endophyte Trichoderma sp. Strain T154: Biocontrol Activity Against Phaeoacremonium minimum. Frontiers in plant science 11(560876):1-15.
Dendang B. 2015. Uji Antagonisme Trichoderma spp. Terhadap Ganoderma sp. yang Menyerang Tanaman Sengon Secara in Vitro. Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 4(2): 147-156.
Dennis C, Webster J. 1971. Antagonistic Properties of Species-Groups of Trichoderma: I. Production of Non-volatile Antibiotics. Transactions of The British Mycological Society 57(1): 25-39.
Deshmukh SK., Gupta MK., Prakash V, Saxena, S. 2018. Endophytic Fungi: A Source of Potential Antifungal Compounds. Journal of Fungi 4(77): 1-42.
Gherbawy Y, Voigt, K. 2010. Molecular Identification of Fungi. Springer: NewYork.
Gulzar N, Kamil AN, Mir MY. 2018. The Process of Early Blight Disease Development in Tomato. Journal of Research and Development 18(1): 112-115.
Hamzah TNT, Lee SY, Hidayat A, Terhem R, Faridah-Hanum I, Mohamed R. 2018. Diversity and Characterization of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Tropical Mangrove Species, Rhizophora mucronata, and Identification of Potential Antagonists Against The Soil-borne Fungus, Fusarium solani. Frontiers in Microbiology. 9(1707):1-17.
Harizon, Pujiastuti, B., Kurnia D, Sumiarsa D, Shiono Y, Supratman, U. 2015. Antibacterial Triterpenoids from the Bark of Sonneratia alba (Lythraceae). Natural Product Communications 10(2): 277-280.
Hasan S, Gupta G, Anand S, Kaur, H. 2014. Lytic Enzymes of Trichoderma: Their Role in Plant Defense. International Journal of Applied Research and Studies 3(2): 1-5.
Hati AAPS, Inabuy FS, Hardini, J. 2024. Identifikasi dan Skrining Fitokimia Jamur Endofit pada Mangrove Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith. Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 11(1): 82-91.
Houbraken J, de Vries RP, Samson RA. 2014. Modern Taxonomy Of Biotechnologically Important Aspergillus and Penicillium Species. Advances in Applied Microbiology 86(1): 199-249.
Ihwah A, Deoranto P, Wijana S, Dewi IA. 2018. Comparative Study Between Federer and Gomez Method for Number of Replication in Complete Randomized Design Using Simulation: Study of Areca Palm (Areca catechu) as Organic Waste for Producing Handicraft Paper. In IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Science 131(1): 1-6.
Ilmiyah Z, Mahanani TA, Evie R. 2015. Uji Antagonisme Jamur Endofit Tanaman Stroberi Terhadap Alternaria alternata Jamur Penyebab Bercak Daun pada Tanaman Stroberi secara in Vitro. Lentera Bio 4(1): 19-24.
Imran M, Abo-Elyousr KA, Mousa MA, Saad MM. 2023. Use of Trichoderma Culture Filtrates as A Sustainable Approach to Mitigate Early Blight Disease of Tomato and Their Influence on Plant Biomarkers and Antioxidants Production. Frontiers in Plant Science 14(1): 1-19.
Istifadah N, Novilaressa PG, Widiantini F, Hartati S. 2020. Keefektifan Bakteri dan Khamir Asal Air Rendaman Kompos dalam Menekan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak cokelat (Alternaria solani Sorr.) pada Tomat. Agrikultura 31(1): 52-60.
Jenoh EM, de Villiers EP, de Villiers SM, Okoth S, Jefwa J, Kioko E, Kaimenyi D, Hendrickx M, Dahdouh-Guebas F, Koedam N. 2019. Infestation Mechanisms of Two Woodborer Species in The Mangrove Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith in Kenya and Co-occurring Endophytic Fungi. Plos one. 14(10) 1-20.
Kiti HM, Munga CN, Odalo JO, Guyo PM, Kibiti CM. 2021. Diversity of Mangrove Fungal Endophytes from Selected Mangrove Species of Coastal Kenya. Journal of Marine Science. 20(1): 125-136.
Kumar N, Dutta R, Ajay BC, Radhakrishnan T. 2022. Alternaria Leaf Blight (Alternaria spp.) an Emerging Foliar Fungal Disease of Winter-Summer Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea). Indian Journal of Agricutural Sciences 92(9): 1043–1050.
Li H, Liao YCZ, Wan Y, Li DW, Zhu LH. 2023. Colletotrichum siamense, a Novel Causal Agent of Viburnum odoratissimum Leaf Blotch and Its Sensitivity to Fungicides. Journal of Fungi 9(882): 1-13.
Lingga AR., Pato U, Rossi, E. 2016. Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Batang Kecombrang (Nicolaia speciosa Horan) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Universitas Riau. [Disertasi].
Liu LP, Wang Y, Qiu PL, Zhang B, Zhang L, Wang N, Li Y, Gao J, Hsiang, T. 2020. Colletotrichum neorubicola sp. nov., a New Leaf Anthracnose Pathogen of Raspberry from Northeast China. Mycological Progress 19(1): 947-955.
Luo M, Guo W, Zhao M, Manawasinghe IS, Guarnaccia V, Liu J, Hyde KD, Dong Z, You C. 2022. Endophytic Diaporthe Associated with Morinda officinalis in China. Journal of Fungi 8(806): 1-28.
Muthahanas I, Isnain M. 2019. Identifikasi Jamur Patogen Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di Lahan Kering Amor-Amor Lombok Utara. Crop Agro: Jurnal Ilmiah Budidaya 12(2): 111-121.
Nadhifah YM, Hastuti US, Syamsuri I. 2016. Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Identifikasi Mikoflora dari Rizosfer Tanah Pertanian Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) sebagai Bahan Ajar Kingdom Fungi untuk Siswa Kelas X SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan 1(10): 2023-2030.
Ningsih H, Hastuti US, Listyorini D. 2016. Kajian Antagonis Trichoderma spp Terhadap Fusarium solani Penyebab Penyakit Layu Pada Daun Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens) secara in vitro. In Proceeding Biology Education Conference 13(1): 814-817.
Nurfarahin, AH, Mohamed MS, Phang LY. 2018. Culture Medium Development for Microbial-derived Surfactants Production—an Overview. Molecules. 23(1049): 1-26.
Ola AR., Soa CA, Sugi Y, Cunha TD, Belli HL, Lalel HJ. 2020. Antimicrobial Metabolite from The Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Sonneratia alba, A Mangrove Plant of Timor-Indonesia. Rasayan Journal Chemistry 13(1): 377-381.
Pakadang SR, Marsus I, Isanawati. 2021. Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungus Isolates of Mangrove Fruit (Sonneratia alba) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichia coli. Jurnal Info Kesehatan. 19(1): 55-63.
Pap PL, Marković MP. 2008. Effects of Some Ecological Factors on Dothichiza populea Sacc. et Br. Growth. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 115(1): 75-89.
Park, J., Kim, S., Jo, M., An, S., Kim, Y., Yoon, J., Jeong, M. H., Kim, E. Y., Choi, J., Kim, Y. and Park, S. Y. 2024. Isolation and Identification of Alternaria alternata from Potato Plants Affected by Leaf Spot Disease in Korea: Selection of Effective Fungicides. Journal of Fungi. 10(53): 1-16.
Pavithra G, Bindal S, Rana M, Srivastava S. 2020. Role of Endophytic Microbes Against Plant Pathogens: A Review. Asian Journal Plant Science. 19(1): 54-62.
Pem D, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, Doilom M, Boonmee S, Hongsanan S, Promputtha I, Xu JC, Hyde KD. 2019. Mycosphere Notes 275–324: A Morpho-taxonomic Revision and Typification of Obscure Dothideomycetes Genera (Incertae Sedis). Mycosphere 10(1): 1115-1246.
Pitt JI, Hocking AD. 2009. Fungi and Food Spoilage. Springer: New York.
Porter CL. 1924. Concerning The Characters of Certain Fungi as Exhibited by Their Growth in The Presence of Other Fungi. American Journal of Botany 11(3): 168-188.
Rahmadanty NH, Darmayasa IBG, Parwanayoni NMS. 2023. Potensi Filtrat Trichoderma asperellum TKD dalam Menghambat Kontaminasi Aspergillus parasiticus pada Biji Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Simbiosis. 11(1):15-30
Rampa E, Manurun S, Sinaga H. 2023. Isolasi Fungi Endofit dari Buah dan Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.). Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan “SUARA FORIKES" 14(1): 92-96.
Ratnasari JD, Isnawati, Ratnasari E. 2014. Uji Antagonis Agens Hayati Terhadap Jamur Cercospora musae Penyebab Penyakit Sigatoka secara in Vitro. Lenterabio 3(2): 129-135.
Saifudin A. 2014. Senyawa Alam Metabolit Sekunder, Teori, Konsep, dan Teknik Pemurnian. Deepublish: Sleman.
Singh P, Vijay K., 2011. Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt of Chrysanthemum with Trichoderma and Botanicals. Journal Agricultural Technology. 7(6): 1603–1613.
Su YY, Cai L. 2012. Polyphasic Characterisation of Three New Phyllosticta spp. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 28(1): 76-84.
Suliati, Rahmawati, Mukarlina. 2017. Jenis- Jenis Jamur Endofit Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) di Perkebunan Dungun Prapakan Sambas. Protobiont 6(3): 173-181.
Suryani Y, Taupiqurrahman O, Kulsum Y. 2020. Mikologi. PT. Freeline Cipta Granesia: Padang.
Thambugala K, Daranagama D, Kannangara S. 2022. Biocontrol Potential of Endophytic Fungi in Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Leaves Against Selected Fungal Phytopathogens. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 18(6): 665-669.
Tran NT, Miles AK, Dietzgen RG, Dewdney MM, Zhang K, Rollins JA, Drenth A. 2017. Sexual Reproduction in The Citrus Black Spot Pathogen, Phyllosticta citricarpa. Phytopathology. 107(6) 732-739.
Triasih U, Widyaningsih S, Mutia ED. 2021. Pengaruh Formulasi Media Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan Agen Hayati yang Berasal dari Jamur Antagonis Trichoderma sp. dan Gliocladium sp. Serta Potensinya dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Bercak Daun Alternaria sp. pada Tanaman Apel. Gontor Agrotech Science of Journal 7(2): 163-182.
Triasih U, Wuryantini S, Agustina, D. 2022. Karakterisasi Cendawan Rizosfer Kebun Jeruk Organik dan Potensinya dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Botryodiplodia theobromae dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 18(5): 205-212.
Whipps JM. 2001. Microbial Interactions and Biocontrol In The Rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany 52(1): 487-511.
Wikee S, Lombard L, Nakashima C, Motohashi K, Chukeatirote E, Cheewangkoon R, McKenzie EHC, Hyde, KD, Crous PW. 2013. A Phylogenetic Re-evaluation of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales). Studies in Mycology 76(1): 1-29.
Wulandari D, Sulistyowati L, Muhibuddin, A. 2014. Keanekaragaman Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) dan Kemampuan Antagonisnya terhadap Phytophthora infestans. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan 2(1): 110-118.
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Published
2025-01-05
How to Cite
ANGKUR, Reinardus Bonfilio; SUDIRGA, Sang Ketut; HARDINI, Junita.
Identifikasi jamur endofit dari tumbuhan Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith dan potensi antagonisnya terhadap jamur Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler.
Jurnal Biologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 28, n. 2, p. 207-223, jan. 2025.
ISSN 2599-2856.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bio/article/view/122690>. Date accessed: 08 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2024.v28.i02.p04.
Section
Articles
