Pendugaan Umur Simpan Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L) Menggunakan Metode ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) dengan Pendekatan Model Kadar Air Kritis

Abstract

Tujuan dari dilakukanya penelitian Ini adalah untuk menduga umur simpan benih padi menggunakan metode ASLT (Accelerrated Shelf Life Testing) dengan pendekatan model kadar air kritis. Adapun benih yang digunakan adalah benih varietas Ciherang dan varietas Inpari 30. Kemasan dari benih padi adalah plastic jenis Polipropilen (PP). Benih padi disimpan pada kondisi lingkungan (suhu 290C dan RH 75%). Pengamatan benih dianggap kritis ketika persentase daya berkecambah di bawah 80%. Ditemukan dari hasil pengukuran bahwa nilai permeabilitas kemasan (k/x) dari plastic PP adalah 0,013 gH2O/m2.day.mmHg. Pengamtan kadar air awal (Ma) adalah 13 %, kadar air kritis (Mc) adalah 29 %, total padatanya (WS) adalah 8,8 kg, dan perbedaan tekanan (?P) 1,15 mmHg. Sementara Inpari 30 memiliki nilai kadar air awal (Ma) 14%, kadar air kritis 29%, total padatannya (WS) 8,7 kg, dan ?P 0,9 mmHg.  Dari nilai tersebut dapat diduga umur simpan dua varietas benih bersertifikat yang dikemas dalam plastik PP dan disimpan pada suhu 29oC dan RH 75% adalah 156 hari (5,03 bulan) untuk varietas Ciherang dan 254 hari (8,19 bulan)  untuk 30 varietas Inpari.

The purpose of this study was to prediction the shelf life of certified rice seeds using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) method based on the critical moisture content approach. The varieties of rice seeds used in this research were Ciherang and Inpari 30 varieties which packed with polypropylene (PP) plastic packaging. The rice seeds packages were stored at environmental condition (temperature of 29^oC and RH of 75%). Observation on seeds germination was done daily until the seeds have a germination percentage below 80%. When the seeds under this condition, moisture content of the seeds was measured and refer as critical moisture content. It was found that the packaging permeability (k/x) of PP plastic was 0.013 g H2O/m².day.mmHg. Observation on rice seed of Ciherang variety revealed that its values of initial moisture content (Ma) was 0.133 %, its critical moisture content (Mc) was 0.291 %, its total solid (Ws) was 8.8 kg, and pressure difference  (?P) was 1,15 mmHg. While, for Invary 30 variety the values of its shelf life parameters were as follows: Ma 0.144 %, Mc 0.293 %, Ws 8.7 kg, and ?P 0.9 mmHg. The prediction of shelf life the two certified rice seeds which were packed in PP plastic and stored at 29oC and RH of 75% were 156 days (5.03 months) for Ciherang variety and 254 days (8.19 months). ) for Inpari 30 variety.