Pemahaman Petani Tentang Budidaya Kopi Arabika dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Produktivitas Hasil Panen

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman petani terhadap budidaya kopi dan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas. Aspek budidaya yang diamati meliputi persiapan lahan, pengatur intensitas cahaya, teknik tanam, pemuliaan tanaman, aplikasi pupuk, pengendalian hama tanaman, peremajaan tanaman dan aspek pemanenan kopi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 45 responden yang dipilih dengan menggunakan simple random sampling dari petani anggota kopi MPIG Kintamani Bali. Hasil wawancara indikator dari variabel penelitian nilai tertinggi diperoleh peremajaan tanaman dan panen kopi terendah. Hasil analisis data dengan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dan Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga faktor budidaya yang relevan berkontribusi terhadap pencapaian produktivitas tanaman, yaitu persiapan lahan, teknik penanaman dan peremajaan tanaman. Teknik persiapan lahan dan penanaman memberikan efek positif pada produktivitas kopi arabika tetapi, peremajaan tanaman memberikan efek negatif. Teknik penanaman memiliki pengaruh paling dominan terhadap produktivitas tanaman kopi arabika. Diharapkan bahwa produksi panen kopi arabika di Bali (0,5 ton / Ha) kopi dapat ditingkatkan produksi kopi nasional.

The aims of this study were to determine level of understanding of farmers on coffee cultivation and its effect on productivity. Observed cultivation aspect include land preparation, light intensity regulator, planting techniques, plant breeding, fertilizer application, plant pest control, plant rejuvenation and coffee harvesting aspect. This research involved 45 respondents selected by using simple random sampling from coffee member farmers of MPIG Kintamani Bali. The results of the indicator interviews of the highest value research variables obtained plant rejuvenation and lowest coffee harvest. The results of data analysis with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) showed that there were three relevant cultivation factors contributing to the achievement of crop productivity, namely land preparation, planting techniques and plant rejuvenation. Land preparation and planting techniques gave a positive effect on productivity of arabica coffee but, plant rejuvenation gave negatively effect. Planting techniques have the most dominant influence on the productivity of arabica coffee crops. It was expected that the production of arabica coffee harvest in Bali (0.5 ton / Ha) of coffee could be improved the national coffee production.