Perancangan dan Pengujian Alat Penyiram Bibit Tanaman Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis) Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Kelembaban Tanah
Abstract
Indonesia is the second largest rubber producer in the world with a land area of 3.55 million hectares. One of the determinants of rubber plant productivity is the quality of seedling growth. In addition to varieties, soil types, and fertilizers, water availability is very important in seedling growth. Proper watering at the nursery stage is crucial to ensure optimal growth and successful cultivation. Currently, in addition to relying on rainwater, rubber seedlings are watered manually. Manual watering has weaknesses in the certainty of the amount and frequency of watering, so that in addition to inefficient water use, it can also be detrimental to seedling growth. This study aims to design, prototype, and test an automatic watering system based on a soil moisture sensor integrated with an IoT platform. This system is designed to maintain soil moisture according to the needs of rubber seedlings and allows remote monitoring and control via smartphone. The study was conducted in Cilacap Regency, Central Java, through the stages of hardware design, sensor calibration and formula determination, software development, and functional trials. In sensor calibration, the results of sensor measurements were compared with measurements of soil moisture content using the grafimatri method. The results showed that the system successfully functioned according to the target specifications, with an accuracy of 97.13%. This system can regulate the operation of the water pump based on the optimal soil moisture for rubber seedlings, namely maintaining a minimum limit of 30% and a maximum of 70%. The system can be run and monitored automatically or controlled from a mobile phone in real time via the internet using the Blynk application
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References
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