Pengaruh Kadar Air dalam Minyak Kemiri Sunan pada Tahap Esterifikasi dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat
Abstract
Kemiri sunan oil is non-food oil. Therefore, kemiri sunan oil can be a potential raw material for biodiesel synthesis. Kemiri sunan oil has relatively high free fatty acid content so that before the transesterification step with a homogeneous base catalyst it is necessary to esterify it first. In esterification, the water content in oil and fat as raw material for biodiesel affects the conversion rate of free fatty acids into biodiesel, so this needs to be studied. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of water content in kemiri sunan oil on the conversion of free fatty acids into biodiesel at the esterification stage. The research was conducted by quantitative experiment. Variations of water content in kemiri sunan oil were obtained through evaporation at a temperature of 105 oC with time variations of 1, 1.5 and 2 hours. Esterification was carried out at a temperature of 60 oC, mole ratio of oil to methanol of 1:6, reaction time of 1.5 hours, and 98% sulfuric acid catalyst as much as 1%. The results showed that the less water content in the kemiri sunan oil, the less free fatty acids contained in the biodiesel from the esterification result.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abduh, M. Y., Syaripudin, Putri, L. W., & Manurung, R. (2019). Effect of storage time on moisture content of Reutealis trisperma seed and its effect on acid value of the isolated oil and produced biodiesel. Energy Reports, 5, 1375–1380.
Akter, S. (2017). Effect of Storage Life of Rice Bran on the Quality of Oil. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 5(1), 11–15.
Ali, M. R., Rahman, M. M., & Ahammad, K. U. (2014). Effect of relative humidity, initial seed moisture conten and storage container on soybean seed quality. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 39(3), 461–469.
Amin, A. (2019). Review of diesel production from renewable resources: Catalysis, process kinetics and technologies. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 10(4), 821–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.08.001
Atadashi, I. M., Aroua, M. K., Abdul Aziz, A. R., & Sulaiman, N. M. N. (2012). The effects of water on biodiesel production and refining technologies: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(5), 3456–3470.
BPPT. (2020). Outlook Energi Indonesia 2020.
Firoz, S. (2017). A review : Advantages and Disadvantages of Biodiesel. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 04(11), 530–535.
Haryono, Solihudin, Rustaman, & Ernawati, E. E. (2021). Pemanfaatan Panas Gasifikasi Sekam Padi sebagai Media Pemanas Ruangan Anakan Ayam di Desa Pasawahan Garut. ETHOS: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 9(1), 143–150.
Haryono, Yuliyati, Y. B., Noviyanti, A. R., Rizal, M., & Nurjanah, S. (2020). Karakterisasi Biodiesel dari Minyak Kemiri Sunan dengan Katalis Heterogen Silika Terimpregnasi Kalsium Oksida (CaO/SiO2). Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 38(1), 11–24.
Huang, Y. P., & Chang, J. I. (2010). Biodiesel production from residual oils recovered from spent bleaching earth. Renewable Energy, 35(1), 269–274.
Knothe, G., Gerpen, J. V., & Krahl, J. (2005). The Biodiesel Handbook. : AOCS Press.
Márkus, Z., Bélafi-Bakó, K., Tóth, G., Nemestóthy, N., & Gubicza, L. (2018). Effect of Chain Length and Order of the Alcohol on Enzyme Activity During Enzymatic Esterification in Organic Media. Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry, 45(2), 35–39.
Nurjanah, S., Kramadibrata, A. M., Muhaemin, M., Hendarto, Herwanto, T., Saukat, M., Rosalinda, S., Prijatna, D., Pratama, M. H. B., Mandarwati, E., Daradjat, W., & Haryono. (2019). Study on Different Capacity of Transesterification Process in Biodiesel Production from Kemiri Sunan (Reutis trisperma). IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 248(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/248/1/012019
Pranowo, D., Syakir, M., Prastowo, B., Herman, M., Aunillah, A., & Sumanto. (2013). Pembuatan biodiesel dari kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) dan pemanfaatan hasil samping. IAARD Press.
Sanford, S., White, J., & Shah, P. (2009). Feedstock and biodiesel characteristics report. In Renewable Energy Group Inc. (Issue 2009). http://www.biodiesel.org/reports/20091117_gen-398.pdf
Silva, M. G., Oliveira, G. S., Carvalho, J. C. R., Nobre, L. R. P., Deus, M. S., Jesus, A. A., Oliveira, J. A., & Souza, D. F. S. (2019). Esterification of oleic acid in a semi-batch bubble reactor for biodiesel production. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 36(1), 299–308.
Slamet, S., Purwanto, P., Anggoro, D. D., & Hermawan. (2018). Enhancing Biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil Manufacturing using Ultrasonics. E3S Web of Converences, 31.
Su’i, M. (2012). Hidrolisis Minyak Kelapa oleh Enzim Lipase dari Kentos Kelapa. Agritech, 32(2), 149–153.
Syakir, M., & Karmawati, E. (2014). Tanaman Perkebunan Penghasil Bahan Bakar Nabati. In Badan Litbang Pertanian. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan,Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.
Van Gerpen, J., Shanks, B., Pruszko, R., Clements, D., & Knothe, G. (n.d.). Biodiesel Analytical Methods. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, August 2002 - January 2004, 100. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/36240.pdf
Vedharaj, S., Vallinayagam, R., Yang, W. M., Chou, S. K., Chua, K. J. E., & Lee, P. S. (2013). Experimental investigation of kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil biodiesel as an alternate fuel for diesel engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 75, 773–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.08.042
Wahyuni, S. E., & Wulandari, S. (2020). Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah Hasil Pemurnian Arang Kayu untuk Sabun Cuci Padat. ETHOS: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 8(2), 265–270. https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i2.5833
Akter, S. (2017). Effect of Storage Life of Rice Bran on the Quality of Oil. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 5(1), 11–15.
Ali, M. R., Rahman, M. M., & Ahammad, K. U. (2014). Effect of relative humidity, initial seed moisture conten and storage container on soybean seed quality. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 39(3), 461–469.
Amin, A. (2019). Review of diesel production from renewable resources: Catalysis, process kinetics and technologies. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 10(4), 821–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.08.001
Atadashi, I. M., Aroua, M. K., Abdul Aziz, A. R., & Sulaiman, N. M. N. (2012). The effects of water on biodiesel production and refining technologies: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(5), 3456–3470.
BPPT. (2020). Outlook Energi Indonesia 2020.
Firoz, S. (2017). A review : Advantages and Disadvantages of Biodiesel. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 04(11), 530–535.
Haryono, Solihudin, Rustaman, & Ernawati, E. E. (2021). Pemanfaatan Panas Gasifikasi Sekam Padi sebagai Media Pemanas Ruangan Anakan Ayam di Desa Pasawahan Garut. ETHOS: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 9(1), 143–150.
Haryono, Yuliyati, Y. B., Noviyanti, A. R., Rizal, M., & Nurjanah, S. (2020). Karakterisasi Biodiesel dari Minyak Kemiri Sunan dengan Katalis Heterogen Silika Terimpregnasi Kalsium Oksida (CaO/SiO2). Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 38(1), 11–24.
Huang, Y. P., & Chang, J. I. (2010). Biodiesel production from residual oils recovered from spent bleaching earth. Renewable Energy, 35(1), 269–274.
Knothe, G., Gerpen, J. V., & Krahl, J. (2005). The Biodiesel Handbook. : AOCS Press.
Márkus, Z., Bélafi-Bakó, K., Tóth, G., Nemestóthy, N., & Gubicza, L. (2018). Effect of Chain Length and Order of the Alcohol on Enzyme Activity During Enzymatic Esterification in Organic Media. Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry, 45(2), 35–39.
Nurjanah, S., Kramadibrata, A. M., Muhaemin, M., Hendarto, Herwanto, T., Saukat, M., Rosalinda, S., Prijatna, D., Pratama, M. H. B., Mandarwati, E., Daradjat, W., & Haryono. (2019). Study on Different Capacity of Transesterification Process in Biodiesel Production from Kemiri Sunan (Reutis trisperma). IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 248(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/248/1/012019
Pranowo, D., Syakir, M., Prastowo, B., Herman, M., Aunillah, A., & Sumanto. (2013). Pembuatan biodiesel dari kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) dan pemanfaatan hasil samping. IAARD Press.
Sanford, S., White, J., & Shah, P. (2009). Feedstock and biodiesel characteristics report. In Renewable Energy Group Inc. (Issue 2009). http://www.biodiesel.org/reports/20091117_gen-398.pdf
Silva, M. G., Oliveira, G. S., Carvalho, J. C. R., Nobre, L. R. P., Deus, M. S., Jesus, A. A., Oliveira, J. A., & Souza, D. F. S. (2019). Esterification of oleic acid in a semi-batch bubble reactor for biodiesel production. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 36(1), 299–308.
Slamet, S., Purwanto, P., Anggoro, D. D., & Hermawan. (2018). Enhancing Biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil Manufacturing using Ultrasonics. E3S Web of Converences, 31.
Su’i, M. (2012). Hidrolisis Minyak Kelapa oleh Enzim Lipase dari Kentos Kelapa. Agritech, 32(2), 149–153.
Syakir, M., & Karmawati, E. (2014). Tanaman Perkebunan Penghasil Bahan Bakar Nabati. In Badan Litbang Pertanian. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan,Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.
Van Gerpen, J., Shanks, B., Pruszko, R., Clements, D., & Knothe, G. (n.d.). Biodiesel Analytical Methods. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, August 2002 - January 2004, 100. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/36240.pdf
Vedharaj, S., Vallinayagam, R., Yang, W. M., Chou, S. K., Chua, K. J. E., & Lee, P. S. (2013). Experimental investigation of kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil biodiesel as an alternate fuel for diesel engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 75, 773–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.08.042
Wahyuni, S. E., & Wulandari, S. (2020). Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah Hasil Pemurnian Arang Kayu untuk Sabun Cuci Padat. ETHOS: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 8(2), 265–270. https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i2.5833
Published
2023-10-31
How to Cite
HARYONO, Haryono; JULIANDRI, Juliandri; RUSTAMAN, Rustaman.
Pengaruh Kadar Air dalam Minyak Kemiri Sunan pada Tahap Esterifikasi dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat.
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian Agrotechno, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 2, p. 115-121, oct. 2023.
ISSN 2548-8023.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/agrotechno/article/view/101712>. Date accessed: 16 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JITPA/2023.v08.i02.p06.
Issue
Section
Articles
