Analysis of Market Distribution and Marketing Margin of Grain - Rice in Food Security in Bali

Abstrak

Food Security is the condition of fulfilling food for the state to individuals, which is reflected in the availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, safe, diverse, nutritious, equitable and affordable and does not conflict with religion, belief, and culture of the community, in order to be able to live. healthy, active, and productive in a sustainable manner. This study aims to: (i) describe the performance of the grain/rice marketing flow from farmers (producers) to final consumers, (ii) analyze cost components, and the amount of marketing margin for each marketing actor, ( iii) calculate and the highest level of efficiency in marketing distribution channels, and (iv) identify problems in rice marketing margins. The research was conducted in 2021 in Bali Province from May – July 2021. This research is descriptive in nature using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method with a Snow Ball Sampling approach as a starting point. The results of the study found 2 (two) distribution channels of unhulled rice/rice marketing in the province of Bali. (80%) I (First), 20% to II (Second), rice in Channel I (First), the highest margin is obtained by Milling/RMU business actors, amounting to Rp.435.475/Kg Rice (34.22%), followed by Wholesalers (Wholesale Traders) Rp. 393/Kg Rice (30.81%), Retail Traders Rp. 320/Kg (25.15%) followed by Slasher/Gathering Trader Rp.125/Kg Rice (9.82%). While the Marketing Margin for Channel II (Second), the highest margin is obtained by Gapoktan/Milling/RMU (Wholesale Traders) business actors, amounting to Rp. 234/Kg Rice (53.90%), followed by PMT/TTIC/TTI (Retail Traders) Rp. 200/Kg Rice (46.10%). From the analysis of the level of marketing efficiency, distribution channel I (first) is more efficient than channel II (two).