The Strategic Role of Lembaga Adat Negeri in the Fulfilment of Victims’ Rights to Reparation in Post-Conflict Ambon
Abstract
This article demonstrates the strategic position of Lembaga Adat Negeri in the fulfilment of the long-neglected right to reparation of victims in post-conflict Ambon. Lembaga Adat Negeri were chosen as the object of analysis due to their close cultural affiliation with the Ambonese society. Due to the important role that Lembaga Adat Negeri play in local Ambonese governance, it is argued that they can assist in absorbing local aspirations and aid the reparation process. The recent enactment of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Desa provides Lembaga Adat Negeri with ever greater momentum to spearhead reconciliation based on Ambonese traditional values and contribute to the peaceful transition of the divided people, in particular by way of fulfilling the right to reparation of victims.
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References
BOOK
Eddyono. Supriyadi Widodo & Zainal Abidin.Memastikan Pemenuhan Hak atas Reparasi Korban pelanggaran HAM Yang Berat. Jakarta: Institute for Criminal Justice Reform. 2016.
Hiarij, Eddy O.S. (ed.). Format Ulang Birokrasi Kota Ambon. Makasar: Ininnawa. 2008.
Manuputty, Jacky. et al. (eds.). Carita Orang Basudara. Ambon: Lembaga Antar Iman Maluku. 2014.
Ralahalu, Karel Albert. Berlayar dalam Ombak, Berkarya bagi Negeri: Pemikiran Anak Negeri Untuk Maluku. Ambon: Ralahalu Institut, 2012.
Watloly, Aholiab. Maluku Baru, Bangkitnya Mesin Eksistensi Anak Negeri. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2005.
Watloly, Aholiab et al. perdamaian Berbasis Adat Orang Basudara. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2016.
JOURNAL
Al Qurtuby, Sumanto. “Peacebuilding in Indonesia: Christian–Muslim Alliances in Ambon Island.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 24, no. 3 (2013): 349-367. https:// doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2013.785091
Alfredo, Ronald. “Lembaga Adat “Saniri” Sebagai Forum Komunikasi Dalam Penyelesa- ian Masalah Publik Di Ambon.” KAREBA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 1, no. 3 (2011): 335-347.
Goss, Jon. “Understanding the Maluku Wars: Overview of Sources of Communal Conflict and Prospects for Peace.” Cakalele 11, no. 7 (2000);7-39.
Herman, Johanna. “The Right to Reparation in International Law for Victims of Armed Conflict.” (book review) Nordic journal of Human Rights 33, no. 2 (2015): 190-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/18918131.2015.1036512
Kaartinen, Timo. “Perceptions of Justice in the Making: Rescaling of Customary Law in Post-Suharto Maluku, Indonesia.” The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology 15, no. 4 (2014): 319-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2014.927521
Kusumaningrum, Diah. “Interdependence versus Truth and Justice: Lessons from Reconciliation Processes in Maluku.” JSP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik) 20, no. 1 (2016): 34-49. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.17998
LEGAL DOCUMENT
Decree No. 25 of 2003 of the Mayor of Palu
KPP HAM. LAPORAN Komisi Penyelidik Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia dan Mediasi di Maluku (2000) http://www.oocities.org/toelehoe/komnasham290305.htm
Law No. 5 of 1979 on desa Governments (pemerintahan desa).
Law No. 6 of 2014 on desa (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia 2014 No. 7, State Gazette Supplement No. 5495.)
Orentlicher, Diane, Updated Set of principles for the protection and promotion of human rights through action to combat impunity (8 February 2005) E/ CN.4/2005/102/Add.1.
Regional Regulation No. 18 of 2008 of the City of Ambon on Guidelines for Negeri
Governments.
Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2008 of the City of Ambon on Negeri.
Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2017 of the City of Ambon on Negeri.
General Assembly of the United Nations Resolution A/RES/60/147 (16 December 2005).
OTHER DOCUMENT
Böhm, C.J. “Brief Chronicle of the Unrest in Maluku.” Crisis Centre Diocese of Am- boina 2006. unpublished.
Buchanan, Cate (ed.). “Pengelolaan Konflik di Indonesia – Sebuah Analisis Konflik di Maluku, Papua dan Poso, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.” Current Asia and The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, Geneva 2011.
Current Asia & The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. June 2011. “Pengelolaan Konflik di Indonesia – Sebuah Analisis Konflik di Maluku, Papua dan Poso, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.” (June 2011) https://www.hdcentre.org/ wp-content/uploads/2016/07/64BahasaIndonesiaversion-June-2011.pdf.
Eddyono, Supriyadi Widodo & Wahyudi Djafar. “Mendorong Kebijakan Pemulihan yang Efektif: Rekomendasi Pembaruan Kebijakan Pemulihan bagi Korban Pelanggaran HAM yang Berat Pasca-Pengesahan UU No. 31/2014 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban.” Seri Keadilan Transisional. ELSAM.
ICTJ, IKOHI & KKPK. December 2011. “Indonesia’s Obligations to Provide Reparations for Victims of Gross Human Rights Violations.” Policy Briefing. https://www. ictj.org/sites/default/files/ICTJ-Indonesia-Reparations-Policy-Briefing-2011- English.pdf.
“Refugees of Maluku and North Maluku and Their Problems.” Background Paper for Lobbying Material, Session of UN Commission for Human Rights at the Agenda of Internally Displaced People in the Region of Maluku and North Maluku. April 2003. unpublished.
Soumokil, Tontji. “Reintegrasi Sosial Pasca Konflik Maluku.” Dissertation, Salatiga, Indonesia: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Komunikasi, Universitas Kristen Satya Wa- cana, 2011.
Taschler, Lisa. “Justice in Maluku: Formal and Informal Justice Processes and their Role for Reconciliation in the Aftermath of the 199 – 2002 Conflict.” Groningen. NOHA.
Watloly, Aholiab. October 2016. “Gambaran Umum Kota Ambon.” manuscript presented to the Desain Ruang Publik berbasis Kearifan Lokal Kota Ambon FGD. Ambon.
CASE LAW
Putusan No. 01/Pid. HAM/Ad Hoc/2003/PN.JKT.PST atas nama Sutrisno Mascung, dkk, 20 Agustus 2004.
WEBSITE CONTENT/INTERNET
Aditjondro, George J. “Orang-orang Jakarta di Balik Tragedi Maluku.” http://www. michr.net/orang-orang-jakarta-di-balik-tragedi-maluku.html
Gumilang, Prima. “Kisah Wali Kota Pelaku Tragedi 1965 Minta Maaf ke Korban.” http://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20160630112959-20-142052/ki- sah-wali-kota-pelaku-tragedi-1965-minta-maaf-ke-korban
Eddyono. Supriyadi Widodo & Zainal Abidin.Memastikan Pemenuhan Hak atas Reparasi Korban pelanggaran HAM Yang Berat. Jakarta: Institute for Criminal Justice Reform. 2016.
Hiarij, Eddy O.S. (ed.). Format Ulang Birokrasi Kota Ambon. Makasar: Ininnawa. 2008.
Manuputty, Jacky. et al. (eds.). Carita Orang Basudara. Ambon: Lembaga Antar Iman Maluku. 2014.
Ralahalu, Karel Albert. Berlayar dalam Ombak, Berkarya bagi Negeri: Pemikiran Anak Negeri Untuk Maluku. Ambon: Ralahalu Institut, 2012.
Watloly, Aholiab. Maluku Baru, Bangkitnya Mesin Eksistensi Anak Negeri. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2005.
Watloly, Aholiab et al. perdamaian Berbasis Adat Orang Basudara. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2016.
JOURNAL
Al Qurtuby, Sumanto. “Peacebuilding in Indonesia: Christian–Muslim Alliances in Ambon Island.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 24, no. 3 (2013): 349-367. https:// doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2013.785091
Alfredo, Ronald. “Lembaga Adat “Saniri” Sebagai Forum Komunikasi Dalam Penyelesa- ian Masalah Publik Di Ambon.” KAREBA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 1, no. 3 (2011): 335-347.
Goss, Jon. “Understanding the Maluku Wars: Overview of Sources of Communal Conflict and Prospects for Peace.” Cakalele 11, no. 7 (2000);7-39.
Herman, Johanna. “The Right to Reparation in International Law for Victims of Armed Conflict.” (book review) Nordic journal of Human Rights 33, no. 2 (2015): 190-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/18918131.2015.1036512
Kaartinen, Timo. “Perceptions of Justice in the Making: Rescaling of Customary Law in Post-Suharto Maluku, Indonesia.” The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology 15, no. 4 (2014): 319-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2014.927521
Kusumaningrum, Diah. “Interdependence versus Truth and Justice: Lessons from Reconciliation Processes in Maluku.” JSP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik) 20, no. 1 (2016): 34-49. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.17998
LEGAL DOCUMENT
Decree No. 25 of 2003 of the Mayor of Palu
KPP HAM. LAPORAN Komisi Penyelidik Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia dan Mediasi di Maluku (2000) http://www.oocities.org/toelehoe/komnasham290305.htm
Law No. 5 of 1979 on desa Governments (pemerintahan desa).
Law No. 6 of 2014 on desa (State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia 2014 No. 7, State Gazette Supplement No. 5495.)
Orentlicher, Diane, Updated Set of principles for the protection and promotion of human rights through action to combat impunity (8 February 2005) E/ CN.4/2005/102/Add.1.
Regional Regulation No. 18 of 2008 of the City of Ambon on Guidelines for Negeri
Governments.
Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2008 of the City of Ambon on Negeri.
Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2017 of the City of Ambon on Negeri.
General Assembly of the United Nations Resolution A/RES/60/147 (16 December 2005).
OTHER DOCUMENT
Böhm, C.J. “Brief Chronicle of the Unrest in Maluku.” Crisis Centre Diocese of Am- boina 2006. unpublished.
Buchanan, Cate (ed.). “Pengelolaan Konflik di Indonesia – Sebuah Analisis Konflik di Maluku, Papua dan Poso, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.” Current Asia and The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, Geneva 2011.
Current Asia & The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. June 2011. “Pengelolaan Konflik di Indonesia – Sebuah Analisis Konflik di Maluku, Papua dan Poso, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.” (June 2011) https://www.hdcentre.org/ wp-content/uploads/2016/07/64BahasaIndonesiaversion-June-2011.pdf.
Eddyono, Supriyadi Widodo & Wahyudi Djafar. “Mendorong Kebijakan Pemulihan yang Efektif: Rekomendasi Pembaruan Kebijakan Pemulihan bagi Korban Pelanggaran HAM yang Berat Pasca-Pengesahan UU No. 31/2014 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban.” Seri Keadilan Transisional. ELSAM.
ICTJ, IKOHI & KKPK. December 2011. “Indonesia’s Obligations to Provide Reparations for Victims of Gross Human Rights Violations.” Policy Briefing. https://www. ictj.org/sites/default/files/ICTJ-Indonesia-Reparations-Policy-Briefing-2011- English.pdf.
“Refugees of Maluku and North Maluku and Their Problems.” Background Paper for Lobbying Material, Session of UN Commission for Human Rights at the Agenda of Internally Displaced People in the Region of Maluku and North Maluku. April 2003. unpublished.
Soumokil, Tontji. “Reintegrasi Sosial Pasca Konflik Maluku.” Dissertation, Salatiga, Indonesia: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Komunikasi, Universitas Kristen Satya Wa- cana, 2011.
Taschler, Lisa. “Justice in Maluku: Formal and Informal Justice Processes and their Role for Reconciliation in the Aftermath of the 199 – 2002 Conflict.” Groningen. NOHA.
Watloly, Aholiab. October 2016. “Gambaran Umum Kota Ambon.” manuscript presented to the Desain Ruang Publik berbasis Kearifan Lokal Kota Ambon FGD. Ambon.
CASE LAW
Putusan No. 01/Pid. HAM/Ad Hoc/2003/PN.JKT.PST atas nama Sutrisno Mascung, dkk, 20 Agustus 2004.
WEBSITE CONTENT/INTERNET
Aditjondro, George J. “Orang-orang Jakarta di Balik Tragedi Maluku.” http://www. michr.net/orang-orang-jakarta-di-balik-tragedi-maluku.html
Gumilang, Prima. “Kisah Wali Kota Pelaku Tragedi 1965 Minta Maaf ke Korban.” http://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20160630112959-20-142052/ki- sah-wali-kota-pelaku-tragedi-1965-minta-maaf-ke-korban
Published
2017-07-31
How to Cite
NALESTI DEWI, Trihoni; KWIK, Jonathan; WATLOLY, Aholiab.
The Strategic Role of Lembaga Adat Negeri in the Fulfilment of Victims’ Rights to Reparation in Post-Conflict Ambon.
Udayana Journal of Law and Culture, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 2, p. 157-180, july 2017.
ISSN 2549-0680.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/ujlc/article/view/32180>. Date accessed: 26 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/UJLC.2017.v01.i02.p05.
Section
Articles
