PENGARUH SUDUT BUKAAN GUIDE VANE DAN TEKANAN AIR TERHADAP KECEPATAN PUTAR DAN DAYA OUTPUT PADA PROTOTYPE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO DENGAN TURBIN CROSSFLOW

Abstract

The pattern of power plants development in Indonesia is still relying on the availability of fossil
fuels based energy sources. Meanwhile, Human are faced with a situation of depleting reserves of
fossil energy sources and increasing environmental damage due to the use of fossil fuels based
energy sources. Renewable Energy development can be a solution to these problems. One of them is
the development of a Micro Hydro Power Plant. In the realization of Micro Hydro Power Plant in
Indonesia, the crossflow water turbine type can be used. It is a type of impulse turbine with a good
characteristic at a low head for micro-scale generator capacity. This study analyzes the effect of guide
vane opening angle and water pressure on rotation and output power of crossflow turbine. The
opening angle of the guide vane studied was 15º, 30º, 45º, 60º, 75º, and 90º in each water pressure
condition of 4 psi, 8.5 psi and 13 psi. The test is carried out by simulating direct measurements on the
prototype of the Micro-hydro Power Plant that has been built. Every combination of parameters
tested, the maximum value of rotational speed and output power is obtained at the guide vane
opening angle of 30º and water pressure of 13 psi. Turbine rotation values generated before and after
coupled with a generator are 591.9 rpm and 522.7 rpm. The values of the generator rotation before
and after the load coupled are at 3490 rpm and 2368 rpm. And the power value generated by the
generator is 11.8 Watts.