Kelainan Refraksi Anak Down Syndrome Di Poliklinik Mata RSUP Ngoerah Denpasar
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Abstract
Abstract—Down syndrome (DS) adalah suatu penyakit genetik akibat penambahan pada kromosom 21 yang ditandai gangguan perkembangan fisik dan disabilitas intelektual ringan-sedang. Down syndrome dikaitkan juga dengan kelainan mata dan kelainan refraksi. Data tentang kelainan refraksi anak dengan DS belum ada di Bali. Tujuan—untuk mencari data hasil refraksi dengan streak retinoskopi pada anak DS. Metode—Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April-September 2024 di poliklinik mata Rumah Sakit Ngoerah. Populasi penelitian adalah semua pasien DS yang menjalani pemeriksaan mata, termasuk pemeriksaan visus dan refraksi. Hasil—Sebanyak 53 anak DS menjalani pemeriksaan mata, dimana sebagian besar adalah perempuan sebanyak 52,8%. Sekitar 62,3% berdomisili di Denpasar. Sebanyak 7,5% dengan riwayat premature. Usia ibu saat hamil lebih dari 35 tahun sebanyak 43,3%. Kelainan refraksi terbanyak pada penelitian ini adalah miopia (39,6%), diikuti hipermetropia 17 (32,1) dan astigmatisme 10 (18,9). Anisometropia terjadi pada 26 (49,1%) pasien.Simpulan—Kelainan refraksi terjadi pada sebagian besar pasien DS dan hampir setengahnya terjadi anisometropia Implikasi—Pemeriksaan kelainan refraksi dapat dikerjakan lebih awal pada pasien DS untuk mendeteksi dan memberikan terapi awal terhadap salah satu penyebab kebutaan yang dapat dicegah pada anak.
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References
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