An Understanding of Transporter Serotonin Genotype Profile and Mood Status among Nurses is Important Related to Work Productivity
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract— The large quantitative and qualitative workload of nurses is a source of stressors that can pose a risk to their health and productivity. Variant genotypes of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) play a role in influencing an individual's capacity for stress response. Serotonin levels as a product of the mechanism of the serotonergic system (including the involvement of the serotonin transporter in its function of re-uptaking serotonin, the process of transporting the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic neuron) affect the mood status and work productivity. The study aimed to find out how the nurse's serotonin transporter genotype variant and mood status influence the risk of mental illness related to job stressors. Method: this study is a preliminary exploratory study to increase nurses' awareness and understanding regarding the risks of occupational mental illness. Results: The s/s type of serotonin transporter variant is characterized by the individual leading to less transcription for the SLC6A4 gene, and it has been found that it can partly account for anxiety-related personality traits. In addition, they tend to have low serotonin levels which are reflected by low mood status with the risk of impaired work productivity, especially with unergonomic night shift work arrangements. Apart from the role of genetics, the risk of mental health problems among nurses in the workplace is also influenced by working conditions, especially in high demands, low rewards, and low workplace social capital jobs where psychosocial job stressors increase among this type. This genotype has also been reported to have cortisol reactivity levels that can be enhanced or weakened when faced with environmental stress. Conclusion: information on the availability of data on serotonin transporter genotype variations is very important regarding worker placement and occupational mental health risk. Nurses with the s/s type have a higher risk of experiencing work-related anxiety or depression than the other two types.
Key word— genotype, health care worker, serotonin transporter
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How to Cite
-, Susy Purnawati.
An Understanding of Transporter Serotonin Genotype Profile and Mood Status among Nurses is Important Related to Work Productivity.
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi (Senastek), [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 93-99, dec. 2023.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/senastek/article/view/109215>. Date accessed: 27 apr. 2024.
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References
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[18] Kinchin I, Doran CM. The Economic Cost of Suicide and Non-Fatal Suicide Behavior in the Australian Workforce and the Potential Impact of a Workplace Suicide Prevention Strategy. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2017 Apr 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];14(4). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346379/
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[20] Hankin BL, Badanes LS, Smolen A, Young JF. Cortisol reactivity to stress among youth: stability over time and genetic variants for stress sensitivity. J Abnorm Psychol [Internet]. 2015 Feb 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];124(1):54–67. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25688432/
[21] Cheon BK, Livingston RW, Hong YY, Chiao JY. Gene × environment interaction on intergroup bias: the role of 5-HTTLPR and perceived outgroup threat. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [Internet]. 2014 Sep 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];9(9):1268–75. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/scan/article/9/9/1268/1676703
[22] Houwing DJ, Buwalda B, Van Der Zee EA, De Boer SF, Olivier JDA. The serotonin transporter and early life stress: Translational perspectives. Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Apr 26;11:117.
[23] Alexander N, Wankerl M, Hennig J, Miller R, Zänkert S, Steudte-Schmiedgen S, et al. DNA methylation profiles within the serotonin transporter gene moderate the association of 5-HTTLPR and cortisol stress reactivity. Transl Psychiatry [Internet]. 2014 Jan 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];4(9). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25226552/
[24] Van Der Doelen RHA, Deschamps W, D’Annibale C, Peeters D, Wevers RA, Zelena D, et al. Early life adversity and serotonin transporter gene variation interact at the level of the adrenal gland to affect the adult hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Translational Psychiatry 2014 4:7 [Internet]. 2014 Jul 8 [cited 2023 Mar 8];4(7):e409–e409. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201457
[25] Davis M, Thomassin K, Bilms J, Suveg C, Shaffer A, Beach SRH. Preschoolers’ genetic, physiological, and behavioral sensitivity factors moderate links between parenting stress and child internalizing, externalizing, and sleep problems. Dev Psychobiol [Internet]. 2017 May 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];59(4):473–85. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28295263/
[26] Glenn AL. The other allele: exploring the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene as a potential risk factor for psychopathy: a review of the parallels in findings. Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2011 Jan [cited 2023 Mar 8];35(3):612–20. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20674598/
[27] Graham DP, Helmer DA, Harding MJ, Kosten TR, Petersen NJ, Nielsen DA. Serotonin transporter genotype and mild traumatic brain injury independently influence resilience and perception of limitations in veterans. J Psychiatr Res [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2023 Mar 8];47(6):835–42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23478049/
[28] Zerbinati L, Murri MB, Caruso R, Nanni MG, Lam W, De Padova S, et al. Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Serotonin Transporter (5-HTTLPR) Polymorphism in Breast Cancer Patients. Front Psychiatry [Internet]. 2021 Apr 21 [cited 2023 Mar 8];12. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33967853/
[29] Starr LR, Hammen C, Brennan PA, Najman JM. Relational security moderates the effect of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) on stress generation and depression among adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol [Internet]. 2013 Apr [cited 2023 Mar 8];41(3):379–88. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23080078/
[30] Madrid JE, Mandalaywala TM, Coyne SP, Ahloy-Dallaire J, Garner JP, Barr CS, et al. Adaptive developmental plasticity in rhesus macaques: the serotonin transporter gene interacts with maternal care to affect juvenile social behaviour. Proc Biol Sci [Internet]. 2018 Jun 27 [cited 2023 Mar 8];285(1881). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925616/
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[33] Joseph TS. The big five personality traits as factors influencing job performance behavior in business organizations: A study of breweries and foods/other beverages manufacturing organizations in Nigeria . British Journal of Psychology Research Vol.7, No.1, pp. 9-36, January 2019.
[34] Kundi YM, Aboramadan M, Elhamalawi EMI, Shahid S. Employee psychological well-being and job performance: exploring mediating and moderating mechanisms. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. 2020;29(3):736–54
[35] Kenna, Roder-Hanna N, Leggio L, Zywiak WH, Clifford J, Edwards S, et al. Association of the 5-HTT gene-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism with psychiatric disorders: review of psychopathology and pharmacotherapy. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 2012:5 19–35
[2] Nobis L, Maio MR, Saleh Y, Manohar S, Kienast A, McGann E, et al. Role of serotonin in modulation of decision-making in Parkinson’s disease. J Psychopharmacol [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Mar 8]; Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36628992/
[3] Voon V, Joutsa J, Majuri J, Baek K, Nord CL, Arponen E, et al. The neurochemical substrates of habitual and goal-directed control. Transl Psychiatry [Internet]. 2020 Dec 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];10(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127520/
[4] Nowrangi MA, Lyketsos CG, Rosenberg PB. Principles and management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s dementia. Alzheimers Res Ther [Internet]. 2015 Jan 29 [cited 2023 Mar 8];7(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27391771/
[5] Kohl Z, Ben Abdallah N, Vogelgsang J, Tischer L, Deusser J, Amato D, et al. Severely impaired hippocampal neurogenesis associates with an early serotonergic deficit in a BAC α-synuclein transgenic rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Dis [Internet]. 2016 Jan 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];85:206–17. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26523794/
[6] Pilla D, Kuriansky J. Mental Health in Japan: Intersecting Risks in the Workplace. Journal of Student Research [Internet]. 2018 Dec 31 [cited 2023 Mar 8];7(2):38–41. Available from: https://www.jsr.org/index.php/path/article/view/509
[7] Kerja Cerdas: Upaya Menjaga Kesehatan Mental Pekerja untuk Keberlangsungan Usaha di Masa Pandemi [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 8]. Available from: https://www.ilo.org/jakarta/info/public/pr/WCMS_819627/lang--en/index.htm
[8] Kesehatan Mental di Lingkungan Kerja [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 8]. Available from: https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/artikel/baca/13552/Kesehatan-Mental-di-Lingkungan-Kerja.html
[9] Pollock A, Campbell P, Cheyne J, Cowie J, Davis B, McCallum J, et al. Interventions to support the resilience and mental health of frontline health and social care professionals during and after a disease outbreak, epidemic or pandemic: a mixed methods systematic review. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2020 Nov 5 [cited 2023 Mar 8];11(11). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33150970/
[10] Giorgi G, Lecca LI, Alessio F, Finstad GL, Bondanini G, Lulli LG, et al. COVID-19-Related Mental Health Effects in the Workplace: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2020 Nov 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];17(21):1–22. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33120930/
[11] Herr RM, Barrech A, Riedel N, Gündel H, Angerer P, Li J. Long-Term Effectiveness of Stress Management at Work: Effects of the Changes in Perceived Stress Reactivity on Mental Health and Sleep Problems Seven Years Later. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2018 Feb 3 [cited 2023 Mar 8];15(2). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29401657/
[12] Medisauskaite A, Kamau C. Does occupational distress raise the risk of alcohol use, binge-eating, ill health and sleep problems among medical doctors? A UK cross-sectional study. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2019 May 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];9(5). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31092661/
[13] Mental health and mental disorders in the workplace] - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 8]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35058423/
[14] Chamoux A, Lambert C, Vilmant A, Lanhers C, Agius R, Boutaleb M, et al. Occupational exposure factors for mental and behavioral disorders at work: The FOREC thesaurus. PLoS One [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];13(6). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29927960/
[15] Nikunlaakso R, Reuna K, Selander K, Oksanen T, Laitinen J. Synergistic Interaction between Job Stressors and Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022, Vol 19, Page 13991 [Internet]. 2022 Oct 27 [cited 2023 Mar 8];19(21):13991. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/13991/htm
[16] Cropley M, Rydstedt LW, Andersen D. Recovery from work: testing the effects of chronic internal and external workload on health and well-being. J Epidemiol Community Health (1978) [Internet]. 2020 Nov 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];74(11):919–24. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32641406/
[17] Kang D, Yang JW, Choi WJ, Ham S, Kang SK, Lee W. Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Disturbance among Customer-Facing Workers. J Korean Med Sci [Internet]. 2019 Dec 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];34(48). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31833267/
[18] Kinchin I, Doran CM. The Economic Cost of Suicide and Non-Fatal Suicide Behavior in the Australian Workforce and the Potential Impact of a Workplace Suicide Prevention Strategy. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2017 Apr 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];14(4). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346379/
[19] Davidson T, Braudt DB, Keers R, Assary E, Harris KM, Boardman JD. Genome-wide stress sensitivity moderates the stress-depression relationship in a nationally representative sample of adults. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2021 Dec 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];11(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34645846/
[20] Hankin BL, Badanes LS, Smolen A, Young JF. Cortisol reactivity to stress among youth: stability over time and genetic variants for stress sensitivity. J Abnorm Psychol [Internet]. 2015 Feb 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];124(1):54–67. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25688432/
[21] Cheon BK, Livingston RW, Hong YY, Chiao JY. Gene × environment interaction on intergroup bias: the role of 5-HTTLPR and perceived outgroup threat. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [Internet]. 2014 Sep 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];9(9):1268–75. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/scan/article/9/9/1268/1676703
[22] Houwing DJ, Buwalda B, Van Der Zee EA, De Boer SF, Olivier JDA. The serotonin transporter and early life stress: Translational perspectives. Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Apr 26;11:117.
[23] Alexander N, Wankerl M, Hennig J, Miller R, Zänkert S, Steudte-Schmiedgen S, et al. DNA methylation profiles within the serotonin transporter gene moderate the association of 5-HTTLPR and cortisol stress reactivity. Transl Psychiatry [Internet]. 2014 Jan 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];4(9). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25226552/
[24] Van Der Doelen RHA, Deschamps W, D’Annibale C, Peeters D, Wevers RA, Zelena D, et al. Early life adversity and serotonin transporter gene variation interact at the level of the adrenal gland to affect the adult hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Translational Psychiatry 2014 4:7 [Internet]. 2014 Jul 8 [cited 2023 Mar 8];4(7):e409–e409. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201457
[25] Davis M, Thomassin K, Bilms J, Suveg C, Shaffer A, Beach SRH. Preschoolers’ genetic, physiological, and behavioral sensitivity factors moderate links between parenting stress and child internalizing, externalizing, and sleep problems. Dev Psychobiol [Internet]. 2017 May 1 [cited 2023 Mar 8];59(4):473–85. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28295263/
[26] Glenn AL. The other allele: exploring the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene as a potential risk factor for psychopathy: a review of the parallels in findings. Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2011 Jan [cited 2023 Mar 8];35(3):612–20. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20674598/
[27] Graham DP, Helmer DA, Harding MJ, Kosten TR, Petersen NJ, Nielsen DA. Serotonin transporter genotype and mild traumatic brain injury independently influence resilience and perception of limitations in veterans. J Psychiatr Res [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2023 Mar 8];47(6):835–42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23478049/
[28] Zerbinati L, Murri MB, Caruso R, Nanni MG, Lam W, De Padova S, et al. Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Serotonin Transporter (5-HTTLPR) Polymorphism in Breast Cancer Patients. Front Psychiatry [Internet]. 2021 Apr 21 [cited 2023 Mar 8];12. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33967853/
[29] Starr LR, Hammen C, Brennan PA, Najman JM. Relational security moderates the effect of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) on stress generation and depression among adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol [Internet]. 2013 Apr [cited 2023 Mar 8];41(3):379–88. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23080078/
[30] Madrid JE, Mandalaywala TM, Coyne SP, Ahloy-Dallaire J, Garner JP, Barr CS, et al. Adaptive developmental plasticity in rhesus macaques: the serotonin transporter gene interacts with maternal care to affect juvenile social behaviour. Proc Biol Sci [Internet]. 2018 Jun 27 [cited 2023 Mar 8];285(1881). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925616/
[31] Belsky J. Commentary: beyond stressful life events and depression? --reflections on Bogdan et al. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2014 [cited 2023 Mar 8];55(5):458–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24708477/
[32] Placement: Meaning, Definition, Importance, Principles, Benefits, Problems [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 8]. Available from: https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/human-resource-management/placement/placement/32361
[33] Joseph TS. The big five personality traits as factors influencing job performance behavior in business organizations: A study of breweries and foods/other beverages manufacturing organizations in Nigeria . British Journal of Psychology Research Vol.7, No.1, pp. 9-36, January 2019.
[34] Kundi YM, Aboramadan M, Elhamalawi EMI, Shahid S. Employee psychological well-being and job performance: exploring mediating and moderating mechanisms. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. 2020;29(3):736–54
[35] Kenna, Roder-Hanna N, Leggio L, Zywiak WH, Clifford J, Edwards S, et al. Association of the 5-HTT gene-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism with psychiatric disorders: review of psychopathology and pharmacotherapy. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 2012:5 19–35