STUDI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI EKSTRAK DAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER JAMUR ENDOFIT GENUS FUSARIUM

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Ni Komang Asri Widayanti I Putu Yogi Astara Putra Ni Putu Ariantari

Abstract

Senyawa bahan alam (natural products) merupakan senyawa kimia atau zat yang diproduksi dari organisme hidup, salah satunya berasal dari mikroorganisme. Diantara berbagai jenis mikroorganisme, jamur endofit merupakan salah satu organisme yang diteliti secara intensif dalam dua dekade terakhir. Jamur endofit adalah mikroorganisme yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman, seperti bunga, akar, daun, batang, hingga biji, dan tidak merugikan inangnya. Salah satu jamur endofit yang dikaji bioaktivitasnya berasal dari genus Fusarium. Fusarium merupakan salah satu genus jamur yang berfilamen dan banyak ditemukan pada tumbuhan. Jamur Fusarium dapat berinteraksi dengan tanaman inangnya dengan berbagai cara. Beberapa strain endofit Fusarium diketahui dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman, meningkatkan produktivitas, atau membantu tanaman bertahan dalam kondisi lingkungan yang buruk. Strain endofit Fusarium dilaporkan dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki potensi farmasi atau bioteknologi, seperti senyawa dengan aktivitas antibakteri. Artikel ini mengkaji aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan jamur endofit dari genus Fusarium berdasarkan data publikasi ilmiah selama 10 tahun terakhir (2013-2023). Kajian ini disusun berdasarkan studi literatur dari jurnal nasional dan internasional menggunakan basis data Google Scholar dan Science Direct. Pencarian jurnal menggunakan kata kunci seperti “endophytic fungi from Fusarium”, “antibacterial of endophytic fungi from Fusarium”, dan “antimicrobial endophytic Fusarium”. Hasil kajian menunjukkan sebanyak 14 spesies jamur endofit dari genus Fusarium mampu menghasilkan metabolit yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Bioaktivitas antibakteri yang dihasilkan dari metabolit sekunder jamur endofit genus Fusarium tersebut diuji dengan metode difusi dan mikrodilusi. Penggalian senyawa dari jamur endofit genus Fusarium potensial dilakukan dalam upaya penemuan molekul bioaktif antibakteri dari genus ini. 

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WIDAYANTI, Ni Komang Asri; PUTRA, I Putu Yogi Astara; ARIANTARI, Ni Putu. STUDI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI EKSTRAK DAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER JAMUR ENDOFIT GENUS FUSARIUM. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi (Senastek), [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 15-23, dec. 2023. Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/senastek/article/view/109143>. Date accessed: 13 dec. 2024.
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