METODE CEKAMAN LURUH BULU YANG COCOK UNTUK KONDISI DI INDONESIA

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari Program Cekaman Luruh Bulu yang cocok dan menguntungkan dengan kondisi lingkungan dan kondisi peternak di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan180 ekor ayam tipe medium (Dekalb Warren), umur 84 minggu. Percobaan yang berfaktor 2×2×2, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima kali ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri atas 4 ekor ayam. Faktor pertama yaitu pemberian minum dan puasa minum selang sehari. Faktor kedua ialah jangka waktu puasa makan 10 hari dan puasa makan 5 hari. Faktor ketiga ialah jumlah makanan yang diberikan pada masa pemulihan yaitu pakan dengan jumlah 50%, dan 25% dari komsumsi normal. Jadi ada 9 jenis perlakuan program cekaman luruh bulu yang dicobakan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), dan dlakukan uji perbandingan orthogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa perlakuan B (puasa makan 10 hari pertama, tidak puasa minum, hari ke 11 sampai dengan ke 30, diberi pakan 25% dari normal, dapat meningkatkan rataan produksi telur ayam tua menjadi 68,20%, memperbaiki konversi ransum, dan nilai Haugh Unit dengan sangat nyata. Penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa metode Cekaman Luruh Bulu yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini, kalau diterapkan pada ayam tua akan mendapatkan keuntungan Rp 2.500.000,- per 1000 ekor ayam; sebaliknya kalau ayam tua itu dibiarkan saja bertelur terus tanpa perlakuan, peternak akan merugi Rp 467.000,- per 1000 ekor ayam. STRESS METHODS FOR MOLTING SUITABLE FOR CONDITIONS IN INDONESIA ABSTRACT The objective of the research is to find out the appropriate and beneficial forced molting program that suitable with the environment and the condition of the farmer in Indonesia. The research used 180 medium type chickens, strain Dekalb Warren, aged 84 weeks old. The research applied 2×2×2 factors and used complete randomized design in (CRD) 5 times replications with 4 chickens for each repeat. The first factor was water supplying and without water supply. The second factor was the duration of no feeding for 10 and 5 days. The third factor was the amount of feed given during recovery period, that was 50% and 25% of the normal consumption. So, the total of the treatment of forced molting program applied were 9 treatments. Data obtained were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), orthogonal comparison test. The result obtained showed that the treatment B (without feeding for the first 10 days, having water supply, day 11 to 30 were feed 25% of normal consumption) could be increasing the average of egg production of old chicken to 68.20%, improving feed convertion, egg quality: Haugh Unit value, yolk percentage, significantly and no differences were obsesrved among treatments versus control for egg weighth, albumen percentage, eggshell thickness. The result was also showed that the Forced Molting Stress Method used in this experiment, would be giving profit of Rp 2,500,000;- per 1,000 chickens if implemented; in the contrary, if the old chickens are allow to keep laying egg without treatment, the farmer would get deficit of Rp 467,000;- per 1,000 chickens.