THE EFFECT OF RICE STRAW AMMONIATED FEED AND CONCENTRATE SUPPLEMENTED WITH WARU LEAF MEAL (Hibiscus tiliaceus) ON THE PERFORMANCE AND FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF LOCAL SHEEP
Abstract
The aim of this study to determine interaction between Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) and Hibiscus leaf meal (HLM) supplementation on local sheep performance and consumption rate of concentrate. Thirty-six males local sheeps aged ± 2 years (28.01 ± 2.61 kg) were fed ammoniated rice-straw supplemented with DFM and concentrate supplemented with HML assigned randomly to nine treatment in an experiment of 3x3 factorial design. The first factor was the use of DFM (P0 = control, P1 = DFMAMS, P2 = DFMRJ) and the second factor was level of HLM (W0 = 0%, W1 = 0.24% and W2 = 0.48% DM concentrate). Concetrate consumption DMI of each sheep was 3% of body weight and ad-libitum JPA. Measured variables were final weight, average daily gain (ADG), feed consumption (FC), fed conversion rasio (FCR) and consumption rate (CR). There was significant interaction (P<0.05) between DFM and HML supplementation on the final weight, FC and CR (P<0.01), while ADG and FCR were not significant- ly interact. DFM supplementation significantly affected (P <0.05) on FCR. The most efficient feed conversion achie- ved in P2 (W0 =8.22 ± 1.19, W1=7.15 ± 0.85 and W2=6, 81 ± 1, 68). There was no interaction on ADG, however ADG tended to increase in W2. The Highest ADG was achieved in P2W2 (0.146 ± 0.03 Kg/day). There was positive correlation between consumption rate and ADG (P<0.01) also consumption rate and final weight (P<0.05). Coeficient correlation of consumption rate and both ADG and final weight were 0, 481 and 0.514, respectively. The use of DFM and HML, especially DFMRJ and level of HLM was 0.48% (P2W2) were able to improve local sheep performance.
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References
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Seo, J.K., S.W. Kim, M.H. Kim, S.D. Upadhaya, D.K. Kam, and J.K. Ha. 2010. Direct-fed microbials for ruminant animals. Asian-Australasian Journal of
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Soetanto, H. 2004. Mikrobiologi Rumen. Fakultas Peternakan. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. http:// imageshendrawansoetanto.multiplycontent.com diakses tanggal 24 Juni 2018.
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Suharti, S., D.A. Astuti, E. Wina, dan B. Haryanto. 2009. Kecernaan nutrien dan performa produksi sapi potong peranakan ongole (PO) yang diberi tepung lerak (Sapindus rarak) dalam ransum. JITV, 14(3): 200-2007.
Suryani, H., M. Zain, N. Jamarun, and R.W.S. Ningrat. 2015. Peran Direct Fed Microbials (DFM) Sacc- haromyces cerevisiae dan Aspergillus oryzae terha- dap Produktivitas Ternak Ruminansia. Jurnal Pe- ternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science), 17(1): 27-37. https://doi.org/10.25077/ jpi.17.1.27-37.2015
Suwarno, S., M. Maridi, A. Saputra, dan D.P. Sari. 2016. Optimalisasi Komposisi Penyusun Briket Berbahan Lokal Sebagai Pakan Sapi. Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, 2(1): 67-74. https://doi. org/10.23917/bioeksperimen.v2i1.1582
Thalib, A., B. Haryanto, H. Hamid, D. Suherman, dan Mulyani. 2001. Pengaruh kombinasi defaunator dan probiotik terhadap ekosistem rumen dan per- formans ternak domba. JITV. 6: 83-88.
Wikanastri, H., A. Suyanto, dan C.S. Utama. 2012. Aplikasi Proses Fermentasi Kulit Singkong Menggunakan Starter Asal Limbah Kubis dan Sawi pada Pembu- atan Pakan Ternak Berpotensi Probiotik. Prosiding Seminar Nasional & Internasional 1(1).
Yakin, E. A., N. Ngadiyono, dan R. Utomo. 2012. Pe- ngaruh substitusi silase isi rumen sapi pada pakan basal rumput dan konsentrat terhadap kinerja sapi potong. Buletin Peternakan, 36(3): 174. https://doi. org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v36i3.1626
Bata, M. and S. Rahayu. 2016. Study of Hibiscus tiliaceus Leaf Extract Carrier as Additive in the Diets for Fattening of Local Cattle (in vitro). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15(11): 969-974.
Bata, M. and S. Rahayu. 2017. Evaluation of Bioactive Substances in Hibiscus tiliaceus and its Potential as a Ruminant Feed Additive. Cur- rent Bioactive Compounds, 13(2): 157-164. 10.2174/15734072136661701091519 04
Elghandour, M.M., A.Z. Salem, J.S.M. Castañeda, L.M. Camacho, A.E. Kholif, and J.C.V. Chagoyán. 2015. Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(3): 526-533. 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60834-0
Ghorbani, G.R., D.P. Morgavi, K.A. Beauchemin, and J.A.Z. Leedle. 2002. . Effects of bacterial direct-fed microbials on ruminal fermentation, blood variables, and the microbial populations of feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 80(7): 1977-1985. https://doi.org/10.2527/2002.8071977x
HanumandY.Z.Usman.2011.Theproximateanalysis of ammoniated rice straw added with rument content. Agripet 1: 39-44.
Hartadi, H., S. Reksohadiprodjo, dan A.D. Tillman. 2005. Tabel Komposisi Pakan Untuk Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Hernaman, I., A. Budiman, dan B. Ayuningsih. 2008 Pengaruh penundaan pemberian ampas tahu pada domba yang diberi rumput gajah terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak 8(1): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v8i1.2204
Iskandar, S. 2009. Hasil-Hasil Penelitian Balai Penelitian Ternak TA 2006-2008. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner. Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor.
Khan, R.U., S. Naz, K. Dhama, K. Kathrik, R. Tiwari, M.M. Abdelrahman, I.A. Alhidary, and A. Zahoor. 2016. Directfed microbial: beneficial applications, modes of action and prospects as a safe tool for enhancing ruminant production and safeguarding health. Int J Pharmacol, 12(3): 220-231. https:// doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2016.220.231
Krehbiel, C.R., S.R. Rust, G. Zhang, and S.E. Gilliland. 2003. Krehbiel, C.R., S.R. Rust, G. Zhang, and S.E. Gilliland. 2003. Bacterial direct-fed microbials in ruminant diets: Performance response and mode of action 1 2. Journal of Animal Science, 81(14_suppl_2): E120-E132. https://doi. org/10.2527/2003.8114_suppl_2E120x
Lee, C., and K.A. Beauchemin. 2014. A review of feeding supplementary nitrate to ruminant animals: nitrate toxicity, methane emissions, and production performance. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 94(4): 557-570. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas-2014-069
Marhaeniyanto, E., dan S. Susanti. 2016. Penggunaan Konsentrat Hijau Untuk Meningkatkan Penampil- an Domba Jantan Muda. Seminar Nasional Hasil Penetilian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. UNIKAMA. Malang.
Mayulu, H. dan Suhardi. 2016. Potensi dan Daya Du- kung Jerami Padi sebagai Pakan Sapi Potong di Kalimantan Timur. JITP. 4(3): 119-129. https:// doi.org/10.20956/jitp.v4i3.1226
Mutaqin, B.K., U.H. Tanuwiria, and E. Hernawan. 2018. Invitro Study on the Fluid From Banana Stem Bioprocess as Direct Fed Microbial. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 19(1): 012009). IOP Publishing. 10.1088/1755- 1315/119/1/012009
Mwenya, B., B. Santoso, C. Sar, Y. Gamo, T. Kobayashi, I. Arai, and J. Takahashi. 2004. Effects of including 1,4-galactooligosaccarides, lactic acid bacteria rr yeast culture on methanogenesis as well as energy and nitrogen metabolism in sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 115: 313-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. anifeedsci.2004.03.007
Parakkasi, A. 1999. Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ruminan. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta.
Patra, A.K. and J. Saxena. 2009. The effect and mode of action of saponins on the microbial populations and fermentation in the rumen and ruminant production. Nutrition Research Reviews, 22(2): 204-219. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422409990163
Santoso, B. dan B.T. Hariadi. 2007. Pengaruh Suple- mentasi Acacia mangium Will pada Pennisetum purpureum terhadap Karakteristik Fermentasi dan Produksi Gas Metana In-Vitro. Journal Media Peternakan. 30(2): 106-113.
Seo, J.K., S.W. Kim, M.H. Kim, S.D. Upadhaya, D.K. Kam, and J.K. Ha. 2010. Direct-fed microbials for ruminant animals. Asian-Australasian Journal of
Animal Sciences, 23(12): 1657-1667. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.r.08
Soetanto, H. 2004. Mikrobiologi Rumen. Fakultas Peternakan. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. http:// imageshendrawansoetanto.multiplycontent.com diakses tanggal 24 Juni 2018.
Steel, R.G.D. dan J.H. Torrie. 1996. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. DiteRKemahkan oleh Bambang Suman- tri. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta
Sudrajat, A., I.G.S. Budisatria, S. Bintara, E.R.V. Rahayu, N. Hidayat, dan R.F. Chsristi. 2021. Produktivitas Induk Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) di Taman Ternak Kaligesing. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran, (21(1): 27-32. https://doi. org/10.24198/jit.v21i1.33390
Sudrajat, A., D.M. Saleh, E.A. Rimbawanto, dan R.F. Christi. 2021. Produksi dan Kualitas Susu Sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) di Kpbs Pangalengan Ka- bupaten Bandung. TERNAK TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Animal Production, 22(1): 42-51. https:// doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtapro.2021.022.01.6
Suharti, S., D.A. Astuti, E. Wina, dan B. Haryanto. 2009. Kecernaan nutrien dan performa produksi sapi potong peranakan ongole (PO) yang diberi tepung lerak (Sapindus rarak) dalam ransum. JITV, 14(3): 200-2007.
Suryani, H., M. Zain, N. Jamarun, and R.W.S. Ningrat. 2015. Peran Direct Fed Microbials (DFM) Sacc- haromyces cerevisiae dan Aspergillus oryzae terha- dap Produktivitas Ternak Ruminansia. Jurnal Pe- ternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science), 17(1): 27-37. https://doi.org/10.25077/ jpi.17.1.27-37.2015
Suwarno, S., M. Maridi, A. Saputra, dan D.P. Sari. 2016. Optimalisasi Komposisi Penyusun Briket Berbahan Lokal Sebagai Pakan Sapi. Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, 2(1): 67-74. https://doi. org/10.23917/bioeksperimen.v2i1.1582
Thalib, A., B. Haryanto, H. Hamid, D. Suherman, dan Mulyani. 2001. Pengaruh kombinasi defaunator dan probiotik terhadap ekosistem rumen dan per- formans ternak domba. JITV. 6: 83-88.
Wikanastri, H., A. Suyanto, dan C.S. Utama. 2012. Aplikasi Proses Fermentasi Kulit Singkong Menggunakan Starter Asal Limbah Kubis dan Sawi pada Pembu- atan Pakan Ternak Berpotensi Probiotik. Prosiding Seminar Nasional & Internasional 1(1).
Yakin, E. A., N. Ngadiyono, dan R. Utomo. 2012. Pe- ngaruh substitusi silase isi rumen sapi pada pakan basal rumput dan konsentrat terhadap kinerja sapi potong. Buletin Peternakan, 36(3): 174. https://doi. org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v36i3.1626
Published
2024-04-12
How to Cite
M., FITA et al.
THE EFFECT OF RICE STRAW AMMONIATED FEED AND CONCENTRATE SUPPLEMENTED WITH WARU LEAF MEAL (Hibiscus tiliaceus) ON THE PERFORMANCE AND FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF LOCAL SHEEP.
Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan, [S.l.], v. 27, n. 1, p. 23-31, apr. 2024.
ISSN 2656-8373.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/mip/article/view/112248>. Date accessed: 29 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/MIP.2024.V27.i01.p05.
Section
Articles
